Gråt felt = foto. Energy in Denmark Do you need more data? At under Facts & Figures you can find:

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1 Danish Energy Authority 44 Amaliegade DK-1256 København K Tlf Fax CVR-nr: ens@ens.dk Gråt felt = foto Do you need more data? At under Facts & Figures you can find: Energy Statistics 26 - Electronic version of publication - Time series and tables - Construct your own graphs and tables - Danish energy flows Data Monthly updates of: - Oil and gas production in Denmark - Monthly energy statistics - Basic data register on windpower Map - Heat planning in Denmark - Location of plants and wind turbines - and much more Energy in Denmark 26

2 Energy in Denmark 26 Contents General Information on Denmark 3 Energy Production 4 Imports and Exports of Energy 8 Electricity and Heat 9 Energy Consumption 16 CO 2 Emissions 19 Energy Economy and Prices 2 International Comparisons 22 Danish Key Figures 23 Design Danuta Kestenbaum, Danish Energy Authority Edition 3. Printing Vester Kopi as Quotations may be made from this publication with appropriate acknowledgement of source. Internet Available on The publication can be ordered from: The Danish Energy Authority s Internet Book Store: Danish Energy Authority Ministry of Climate and Energy Phone: December 27 ISBN ISBN www ISSN

3 GENERAL INFORMATION ON DENMARK 1 1 Aalborg Aarhus Esbjerg Copenhagen Odense Geography Area (26) km 2 43,98 Coastline (26) km 7,314 Number of islands 47 Number of lakes 1,8 Forest area (21) 5,294 km 2 Preserved areas (1996) 2,3 km 2 Climate Average temperature (26): January -.9 C July 19.8 C Sunshine 1,73 hours Precipitation (av. per year) 823 mm Population Population (Jan. 27) 5,447,84 By age: % % 6-22.% Population density per km 2 Evangelical Lutheran in Denmark 83% Currency (26) 1 Krone (DKK) = 1 øre 1 USD = 5.66 DKK 1 EURO = 7.46 DKK 1 GBP = 11.1 DKK Economics (26) GDP, Billion DKK 1,638 Exports, Billion DKK 77 Imports, Billion DKK 763 Constitution and Government Denmark is a constitutional monarchy Monarch is Queen Margrethe II The present government consists of: The Liberal Party The Conservative Party Labour Market (26) Labour Force, 2,862 Employed, 2,755 Employed in Industry, % 21.2 Employed in Agriculture and Fishing, % 3.3 Employed in Trade and Service, % 75.5 Note: Adjusted means adjusted for climate and for fuels for net electricity exports 3

4 ENERGY PRODUCTION Danish Oil and Gas Fields and Pipelines North Sea Pipeline: Gas Pipeline: Crude Oil Oil and Gas Fields In 26, Danish oil and gas production came from nineteen fields, (sixteen oil and three gas fields). Seven fields are situated in the northern part of the Central Graben, while all the other fields are situated in the southern region of the Central Graben. After Norway and the UK, Denmark is the biggest oil producer in Western Europe. Energy Production [] Total Production Crude Oil Natural Gas Waste, Non-renewable Renewable Energy Oil and Gas Reserves (Ultimo) 3 Reserve/Production (R/P) Crude Oil, Million m 3 Natural Gas Billion Nm 3 R/P Crude Oil 4 R/P Natural Gas

5 ENERGY PRODUCTION Energy Production and Energy Consumption 14 Degree of Self-sufficiency 25% 12 2% % 6 1% 4 2 5% 199 '95 ' '6 Crude Oil Natural Gas Renewable Energy etc. Gross Energy Consumption % 199 '95 ' '6 Total Energy Oil Natural Gas Renewable Energy Production by Type 12 Consumption of Renewable Energy Share of Total Energy Consumption (TPES) 16% % 12% 1% 8% 4 2 6% 4% 2% Wind Straw Wood Biogas Waste Other 5 % '9 '95 ' '6 Share covered by net imports Share covered by indigeneous production

6 ENERGY PRODUCTION 6 7

7 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF ENERGY Imports and Exports of Energy Products, 26 Imports Exports Crude Oil, 1 Tonnes Oil Products, 1 Tonnes Natural Gas, Million Nm Electricity,GWh Imports of Coal and Exports of Crude Oil by Country, 26 Imports of Coal Exports of Crude Oil Poland 6% South Africa 35% Sweden 48% Russia 23% France 4% USA 3% Germany 3% UK 1% Colombia 18% Indonesia 7% Others 5% Netherlands 14% USA 5% Canada 5% Others 1% Net Exports of Electricity The net exports of electricity is of importance to Danish gross energy consumption and CO 2 emissions. Net imports of 25 in 199 meant that domestic mainly coal-based electricity production was relatively small. This led to relatively low energy consumption and low emissions of CO 2. Since 1993, Denmark has only been a net importer of electricity in 2 and 25. In 26 net exports of electricity was '95 ' '6 Total Germany Norway Sweden 8

8 ELECTRICITY AND HEAT Number of Wind Turbines by Size Total kw kw kw KW Total capacity of Wind Turbines by Size (MW) Total kw kw kw KW Number of Wind Turbines and Capacity MW 35 Production of Wind Power '95 ' '6 Number of Wind Turbines Capacity of Wind Turbines 199 '95 ' '6 9

9 ELECTRICITY AND HEAT 1 11

10 ELECTRICITY AND HEAT Electricity Production by Fuel [] Total Gross Electricity Production Oil Natural Gas Coal Renewable Energy Other Electricity Capacity [MW] Total Electricity Capacity Large-scale Units Small-scale Units Autoproducers Wind Turbines Other Electricity Production by Type 2 Electricity Generated by Renewables - Share of Domestic Supply 3% 25% 15 2% 1 15% 1% 5 5% 199 '95 ' '6 CHP Other Wind Power % 1994 ' '6 Wind Power Wood, Straw, Biogas etc. Waste, Renewable 12

11 ELECTRICITY AND HEAT District Heating by Fuel [] Total Gross Production Oil Natural Gas Coal Surplus Heat Waste, Non-renewable Renewable Energy of which; - Straw Wood Fish Oil Waste, Renewable District Heating Production by Type of Producer 6 CHP Shares of Electricity and District Heat Production 1% 8% 4 6% 2 4% 2% Large-scale CHP Units Small-scale CHP Units Autoproducers District Heating Units % '9 '95 ' '6 District Heating Electricity, Shares of Thermal Production 13

12 ELECTRICITY AND HEAT 14 15

13 ENERGY CONSUMPTION Gross Energy Consumption by Fuel Adjusted [] Total Gross Consumption Oil Natural Gas Coal and Coke Waste, Non-renewable Renewable Energy Final Energy Consumption by Sector Climate Adjusted [] Total Final Consumption Non-energy Use Transport Industry and Agriculture Trade and Services Households Gross Energy Consumption and Final Energy Consumption (Adjusted) 9 GDP, Gross Energy Consumption and Energy Intensity (Adjusted) Index 199= '95 ' '6 Transformation and Distribution Losses Energy Sector Final Energy Consumption 199 '95 ' '6 GDP Gross Energy Consumption Gross Energy Consumption/GDP 16

14 ENERGY CONSUMPTION Final Energy Consumption by Fuel (Climate Adjusted) 7 Final Energy Consumption by Sector (Climate Adjusted) '95 ' '6 Oil Natural Gas Coal and Coke Renewable Energy etc. Electricity District Heating Gas Works Gas Non-energy Use Agriculture and Industry Households Transport Trade and Service Final Energy Consumption (Climate Adjusted) 2 Electricity Consumption (Climate Adjusted) '95 ' '6 Road Transport Trade and Service Manufacturing Households '95 ' '6 Manufacturing Households Trade and Service

15 ENERGY CONSUMPTION Energy Consumption for Space Heating in Households (Climate Adjusted) Index 198=1 15 Heating Installations in Households 1 Units '85 '9 '95 ' '6 Heated Floor Space Final Energy Consumption Final Energy Consumption per m Oil Natural Gas District Heating Other Energy Intensities (Climate Adjusted) TJ per DKK Million GVA (2 Prices) 1. Shares of Renewable Energy in Households (Climate Adjusted) TJ 2%.8 15%.6 1%.4.2 5%. 199 '95 ' '6 % 199 '95 ' '6 Manufacturing Trade and Service 18

16 CO 2 EMISSIONS CO 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion [Million Tonnes] Observed Energy Sector Transformation Sector Final Energy Consumption Adjusted Energy Sector Transformation Sector Final Energy Consumption CO 2 Emissions Million Tonnes 8 CO 2 Emissions per Fuel Unit and per kwh of Electricity (Adjusted) Kilogram per GJ Gram per kwh '95 ' ' '95 ' '6 Observed Adjusted CO2 Emissions per Fuel Unit [Kilogram per GJ] CO2 Emissions per kwh Electricity Sold [Gram per kwh] 19

17 ENERGY ECONOMY AND PRICES Foreign Trade with Energy: Net Currency Surplus Billion DKK, Current Prices '95 ' '6 Total Oil Natural Gas Coal and Coke Electricity Economic Key Figures Billion DKK, Current Prices Total Energy Expenditures Revenues from Energy, CO 2 and Sulphur Taxation Expenditures to Public Service Obligations on Electricity Value of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production Exports of Energy Technology and Equipment Billion DKK, Current Prices 5 2% 4 15% % 5% % Exports of Energy Technology and Equipment, Billion DKK Share of Denmark's Total Exports of Commodities, % 2

18 ENERGY ECONOMY AND PRICES Electricity Prices for Industrial Consumers (Annual Consumption 2 GWh) DKK per kwh IT IE BE DE NL LU UK PT EU15 DK ES GR SE AT NO FR FI Source: Eurostat, Prices exclusive VAT and Taxes Energy Prices for Households, 26 DKK Euro Gasoline Regular (DKK per Litre) Heating Gas Oil (DKK per Litre) Natural Gas (DKK per Nm 3 ) Electricity (DKK per kwh) Decomposition of the Electricity Price for Households, 26 (Percent) 42,6% 2,% Energy Distribution Electricity Taxes 18,6% VAT 18,7% 21

19 INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS 25 Degree of Selfsufficiency, Percent Renewable Energy and Wastes - Share of Gross Energy Consumption, Percent Electricity Generated by Renewables - Share of Domestic Supply, Percent Gross Energy Consumption per Capita, GJ Energy Intensity, TOE per 1 Million EUR GDP (2 Prices) Denmark UK Poland Netherlands Estonia Czech Republic Rumania Sweden Bulgaria EU France Latvia Slovenia Finland Lithuania Germany Hungary Slovakia Greece Austria Belgium Spain Italy Portugal Ireland Norway Japan : USA : Source: Eurostat and IEA 22

20 DANISH KEY FIGURES Gross Energy Consumption per Capita [GJ] Final Energy Consumption per Capita [GJ] Energy Intensity, Gross Energy Consumption [TJ per Million GDP] Energy Intensity, Final Energy Consumption [TJ per Million GDP] Degree of Self-sufficiency [%] Dependency of Oil [%] Renewable Energy - Share of Gross Energy Consumption [%] Refinery Capacity [Million Tonnes/Year] Electricity Capacity [MW] Wind Turbine Capacity - Share of Total Electricity Capacity [%] Net Electricity Exports - Share of Domestic Supply [%] CHP Production - Share of Thermal Electricity Production [%] CHP Production - Share of District Heating Production [%] Renewable Energy - Share of Total Domestic Electricity Supply [%] CO 2 Emissions per Capita [Tonnes] CO 2 Emissions per kwh Sold [Gram per kwh] CO 2 Emissions per Consumed Unit of District Heating [Kilo per GJ] Note: Data on energy consumption and CO 2 emissions are adjusted 23