2 H E ) E # C )9 1 1 #.. & ) # ) $%( ( ) ' $%( (
|
|
- Leon Gardner
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ! 2 H H E ) E # C )9 1 1 #.. C )9 & & ) # ' $%( ( ) $%( ( ) Text and page layout copyright Martin Cunningham, Majority of clipart copyright
2 1) CLASSICAL WAVE THEORY We have seen that electromagnetic energy (such as light) behaves as a continuous wave - It can be reflected, refracted and diffracted. More importantly, it can produce interference (which is the test for wave motion). A continuous electromagnetic wave is shown: λ 3 4 Such a continuous electromagnetic wave has a velocity (v) of 3 x 10 8 m s -1 in air, a frequency (f) measured in hertz and wavelength (λ) measured in metres. The equation # λ applies to the wave. 2) QUANTUM THEORY In the early years of the 20 th century (about 100 years ago), scientists Max Planck and Albert Einstein proposed an alternative theory for electromagnetic energy - The quantum theory: 5 % 6 7 Clipart copyright S.S.E.R. Ltd Electromagnetic energy is a stream of tiny, individual "wave packets" called quanta or photons: λ Clipart copyright S.S.E.R. Ltd 7 As with classical wave theory, each photon has a velocity (v) of 3 x 10 8 m s -1 in air, a frequency (f) measured in hertz and wavelength (λ) measured in metres. The equation # λ applies to each photon. However, the energy of a photon does not depend on amplitude. The energy (E) of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency (f): α # The constant is named after Max Planck (Planck's constant) and is given the symbol h:! F # C )9 # = =< $: <? F! 2G
3 Example In air, a photon of yellow light has a wavelength of 589 nm (i.e., 589 x 10-9 m). Calculate: (a) the frequency of the photon; (b) the energy of the photon. # λ # # < $: H # > :A $: $? 2G # # = =< $: <? > :A $: $? λ >HA $: A # < <@ $: $A F $, $, () 5 " $-#! $-#! # % # % * +" " -!# * +" " -!# () () 6B4 6B4 ' >$3"3 6B4 6B4 < 4 I ' 3!"/ > >!#"!#" ),"0 " 1 ()!#"!#" >5!#"!#" " ",-1 " ",-1 ()!#"!#" &#(!( 3 2 >!"!#"!#" " ",-1 " ",-1 $ $ $, $, () &#(!( ()/ ()/ >$,"," $-#!@ $-#!@>$$ $$ -,"" -,"" $-#!@ $-#!@ >$$$ $$$ +$( "! +$( "! $-#!3 $-#!3 >* +" " -!# >* +" " -!#?44?44 ' ' >* +" " -!# >* +" " -!# ' ' >* +" " -!# >* +" " -!# ' ' >5!#"!#" +$%$5 " %&"!, ' *#$ # *#$ # ( ( ( (, () () $-#! $-#! # % # %!#"!#" #$-#"%! #$-#"%! " ",-19 ()!, +$( "!, $!$( # % ),"0 " 1 () ()?3FI?3FI < $ $,3!"!#"!#" " ",-1 " ",-1 ()!#$%!#$% &#(!( $ $,/ 6 $, $, () $ ),,", $!$( # % " ",-1 3II 3II < 4 24 C3!"!#"!#" ),"0 " 1 ()!#$% &#(!( $ $ $,/
4 Irradiance of Electromagnetic Radiation The irradiance (1) of electromagnetic radiation falling on any surface is given by the equation:! + ( 1 #.! 2G +",1 +",1 %" ( %" ( 2 2 < 4 I &#(!( % () () $-#! *$!# *$!# ),"0 " 1 ()?3. < ) ( ( " # " # %0," '"!," () ) ((,3 ) ((,3!"!#"!#" $,, $ " ()!#"!#" $-#! $-#! ( (!#"!#" ) ((,3 C )9 # = =< $: <? F 2 (* (* ' 1 ' 1 &#(!( % &#(!( % &", &", %" ( %" ( ) ( ' 2! 5 "! 5 "!#!!#! $% $% 5"$ - $ '$!" '& '& &,( &,( $ - $-#! () $,, $ " $,, $ " B B ' 2 ),"0 " < ) THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT WORK FUNCTION On the surface of metals, there are tiny particles called electrons. The electrons are held on the metal surface by attractive forces. If an electron is to escape from the metal surface, it must overcome these attractive forces. The work function of a metal is the energy which must be supplied to enable an electron to escape from the metal surface. PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT / PHOTOELECTRIC EMISSION If one photon of electromagnetic energy (E = hf) strikes a metal surface, it causes one electron to be emitted from the metal surface if the photon's energy (hf) is equal to or greater than the work function of the metal, part of the photon's energy being used to enable the electron to escape. The rest of the photon's energy is given to the emitted electron as kinetic energy. The photon then no longer exists - This is known as the photoelectric effect and the emission of the electron is known as photoelectric emission or photoemission. THRESHOLD FREQUENCY (f o ) A photon must have a minimum energy equal to the work function of a metal and hence a minimum frequency (f o ) to emit an electron from the metal surface. This minimum frequency (f o ) is called the threshold frequency for the metal. Each metal has its own unique value of threshold frequency (f o ). /. # +/*D -8.0"1/. ) /. D # ) Work function = h f o
5 Photoelectric emission is described by EINSTEIN'S PHOTOELECTRIC EQUATION: ) I D # ' ) Clipart copyright S.S.E.R. Ltd C )9 # = =< $: <? F # ' $%( ( C )9 # = =< $: <? F # A $$ $: <$ ) I This apparatus is used to investigate the photoelectric effect: When electromagnetic radiation of sufficient energy/frequency strikes the metal surface, electrons are emitted from the metal surface (1 electron per photon). The emitted electrons are attracted to the positively-charged plate through the vacuum (there are no air molecules to stop them) - An electric current (known as a photoelectric current) is thus created in the circuit, so the ammeter displays a current reading. [The constant voltage supply is used to give the plates inside the vacuum their - and + electric charge]. 0 - * Photoelectric current/ A sodium calcium electrically-charged plates - + vacuum 0 1 * Photoelectric current/ A 0 Frequency of f o sodium f o calcium 0 radiation/ Hz & *: & * & * 4 ; 4 + & * Irradiance of radiation/ W m -2 ) + 4 "
6 Laboratory Demonstration of the Photoelectric Effect stem electrons 7 & G * 4 $ 4 & * ' $ < $ 4 ) $ $ 4 ) 4 4 $ $ ) 4 * $6 < $ 4 ) $ ) $ ) ) = + <& $ <& $!#"!#" )( (*$ - )( (*$ -!",'%/ > > *(,; *(,; ) )!$( () '"! / >5 &#(!(" "!,$ &#(!(" "!,$ "'$%%$( "'$%%$( 8 / > >!#,"%#(!#,"%#( ),"0 " 1/
7 2 #$% &&,! % $% %"!(!( $ +"%!$-!"!#" &#(!(" "!,$ "))"!3 #" '"! %" $% $% "%$ ' *#$ # "'$!% " "!,( % " "!,( % *#" *#" " "!,(' - "!$ " "!,(' - "!$, $!$( () ),"0 " 1 "0 "0!(!( (, (, 5(+" 63.I 63.I < %!,$;"% $!3 $!3 - vacuum + > ('& "!" ('& "!"!#"!#" )( (*$ - )( (*$ - -, &#%/ -, &#%/ 0 - * Photoelectric current/ A 0 1 * Photoelectric current/ A 0 x 0 Frequency of radiation/ Hz f o Irradiance of radiation/ W m -2 >5 #1," ( " "!,( % "'$!!" ),('!#" "%$ ' '"! *#" &#(!( % () ),"0 " 1 5" (* ) %!,$;" $!% ( $!% % %,) "9EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE > <& $ *#1 $," %$ -!#" $,, $ " ()!#" " "!,(' - "!$, $!$( $," %"%!#"!#" '5", () () " "!,( % " "!,( % "'$!!" "'$!!" ),(' ),('!#"!#" "%$ ' %,) "/ >!"!#"!#" *(,; )!$( ()!#"!#" "%$ ' '"! / '"! / #! ),"0 " 1 () () &#(!( &#(!( $% $%,"0 $,"!( D D %!," " %" " "!,( " "!,( ),(' ),('!#" %,) " () '"! '"!!#!!#! # % # % *(,; )!$( () () < 4 I C9 6 '"! '"! # % # % *(,; *(,; ) )!$( () () 23 F < 4 I C3!"!#"!#" '$ $' ' ),"0 " 1 &#(!( ' %! # +" # +" $ (, ",!(!( "'$! "'$! " "!,( " "!,( ),(' ),('!#" '"! %,) "3
8 .,$!",$!" (* (*G G H H $ $ *(, % %1'5( % %1'5( %/ F #" () " "!,(' - "!$ " "!,(' - "!$, $!$(, $!$( () () ),"0 ),"0 " 1?3.?3. < %!,$;"% '"! '"! %,) " " "!,( " "!,( $% $% "D"!" "D"!" ),(' ),('!#"!#" '"! '"! %,) " *$!# *$!# ' <$' ' ;$ "!$ ;$ "!$ " ",-1 " ",-1 () () 3F 3F < 4 I C3!"!#"!#" *(,; )!$( ()!#$%!#$% '"! 3? #" #" *(,; *(,; ) )!$( () () '"! '"! = = $% $% < C3 > () ),"0 ),"0 " < 4 7 %!,$;"%!#"!#" %,) " () () '"! '"! = %$ - ( " ( " " "!,( " "!,(!(!( 5" 5" "'$!!" "'$!!" ),(' ),('!#"!#" '"! '"! %,) "3 "!",'$ "!#"!#" ' <$' ' ;$ "!$ " ",-1 ()!#$%!#$% "'$!!" "'$!!" " "!,( 3 " "!,( 3 >5!"!#"!#" ' <$' ' +" ( $!1 ()!#"!#" "'$!!" "'$!!" " "!,( 3 " "!,( 3 C3
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT AND DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATIONS
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT AND DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATIONS 1. Photons 2. Photoelectric Effect 3. Experimental Set-up to study Photoelectric Effect 4. Effect of Intensity, Frequency, Potential on P.E.
More informationLesson 33: Photoelectric Effect
Lesson 33: Photoelectric Effect Hertz Experiment Heinrich Hertz was doing experiments in 1887 to test some of Maxwell's theories of EMR. One of the experiments involved using a coil of wire as a receiver
More informationAtomic Structure Ron Robertson
Atomic Structure Ron Robertson r2 n:\files\courses\1110-20\2010 possible slides for web\atomicstructuretrans.doc I. What is Light? Debate in 1600's: Since waves or particles can transfer energy, what is
More informationChemistry 102 Summary June 24 th. Properties of Light
Chemistry 102 Summary June 24 th Properties of Light - Energy travels through space in the form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). - Examples of types of EMR: radio waves, x-rays, microwaves, visible
More informationHow To Understand Light And Color
PRACTICE EXAM IV P202 SPRING 2004 1. In two separate double slit experiments, an interference pattern is observed on a screen. In the first experiment, violet light (λ = 754 nm) is used and a second-order
More informationName Date Class ELECTRONS IN ATOMS. Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics
13 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS Conceptual Curriculum Concrete concepts More abstract concepts or math/problem-solving Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics Honors Curriculum Core honors content Options
More informationTHE CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN LED AND A MEASUREMENT OF PLANCK S CONSTANT Physics 258/259
DSH 2004 THE CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN LED AND A MEASUREMENT OF PLANCK S CONSTANT Physics 258/259 I. INTRODUCTION Max Planck (1858-1947) was an early pioneer in the field of quantum physics.
More informationArrangement of Electrons in Atoms
CHAPTER 4 PRE-TEST Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms In the space provided, write the letter of the term that best completes each sentence or best answers each question. 1. Which of the following orbital
More informationThe Phenomenon of Photoelectric Emission:
The Photoelectric Effect. The Wave particle duality of light Light, like any other E.M.R (electromagnetic radiation) has got a dual nature. That is there are experiments that prove that it is made up of
More informationEnergy. Mechanical Energy
Principles of Imaging Science I (RAD119) Electromagnetic Radiation Energy Definition of energy Ability to do work Physicist s definition of work Work = force x distance Force acting upon object over distance
More informationG482 Electrons, Waves and Photons; Revision Notes Module 1: Electric Current
G482 Electrons, Waves and Photons; Revision Notes Module 1: Electric Current Electric Current A net flow of charged particles. Electrons in a metal Ions in an electrolyte Conventional Current A model used
More informationChapter 18: The Structure of the Atom
Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom 1. For most elements, an atom has A. no neutrons in the nucleus. B. more protons than electrons. C. less neutrons than electrons. D. just as many electrons as protons.
More informationPhysics 30 Worksheet # 14: Michelson Experiment
Physics 30 Worksheet # 14: Michelson Experiment 1. The speed of light found by a Michelson experiment was found to be 2.90 x 10 8 m/s. If the two hills were 20.0 km apart, what was the frequency of the
More informationQuantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure 1
Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure 1 INTRODUCTION The word atom is derived from the Greek word, atomos, which means uncut or indivisible. It was Dalton (1808) who established that elementary constituents
More informationPreview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II
Preview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II 3.1 Radiant Energy from the Sun How is light reflected and transmitted? What is polarized light? 3.2 Energy Transfer with Radiant Energy How
More informationD.S. Boyd School of Earth Sciences and Geography, Kingston University, U.K.
PHYSICAL BASIS OF REMOTE SENSING D.S. Boyd School of Earth Sciences and Geography, Kingston University, U.K. Keywords: Remote sensing, electromagnetic radiation, wavelengths, target, atmosphere, sensor,
More informationThe quantum understanding of pre-university physics students
The quantum understanding of pre-university physics students Gren Ireson Department of Education, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK Students in England and Wales wishing
More informationDoes Quantum Mechanics Make Sense? Size
Does Quantum Mechanics Make Sense? Some relatively simple concepts show why the answer is yes. Size Classical Mechanics Quantum Mechanics Relative Absolute What does relative vs. absolute size mean? Why
More informationPhotons. ConcepTest 27.1. 1) red light 2) yellow light 3) green light 4) blue light 5) all have the same energy. Which has more energy, a photon of:
ConcepTest 27.1 Photons Which has more energy, a photon of: 1) red light 2) yellow light 3) green light 4) blue light 5) all have the same energy 400 nm 500 nm 600 nm 700 nm ConcepTest 27.1 Photons Which
More information- particle with kinetic energy E strikes a barrier with height U 0 > E and width L. - classically the particle cannot overcome the barrier
Tunnel Effect: - particle with kinetic energy E strikes a barrier with height U 0 > E and width L - classically the particle cannot overcome the barrier - quantum mechanically the particle can penetrated
More informationCalculating particle properties of a wave
Calculating particle properties of a wave A light wave consists of particles (photons): The energy E of the particle is calculated from the frequency f of the wave via Planck: E = h f (1) A particle can
More informationTIME OF COMPLETION NAME SOLUTION DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCES. PHYS 3650, Exam 2 Section 1 Version 1 October 31, 2005 Total Weight: 100 points
TIME OF COMPLETION NAME SOLUTION DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCES PHYS 3650, Exam 2 Section 1 Version 1 October 31, 2005 Total Weight: 100 points 1. Check your examination for completeness prior to starting.
More informationNanoelectronics. Chapter 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles. Q.Li@Physics.WHU@2015.3
Nanoelectronics Chapter 2 Classical Particles, Classical Waves, and Quantum Particles Q.Li@Physics.WHU@2015.3 1 Electron Double-Slit Experiment Q.Li@Physics.WHU@2015.3 2 2.1 Comparison of Classical and
More informationwhere h = 6.62 10-34 J s
Electromagnetic Spectrum: Refer to Figure 12.1 Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption of electromagnetic radiation: The absorptions and emissions of electromagnetic radiation are related molecular-level phenomena
More informationFrom lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?
From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation? From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly
More informationRadiation Transfer in Environmental Science
Radiation Transfer in Environmental Science with emphasis on aquatic and vegetation canopy media Autumn 2008 Prof. Emmanuel Boss, Dr. Eyal Rotenberg Introduction Radiation in Environmental sciences Most
More information"in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta". h is the Planck constant he called it
1 2 "in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta". h is the Planck constant he called it the quantum of action 3 Newton believed in the corpuscular
More informationA-level PHYSICS (7408/1)
SPECIMEN MATERIAL A-level PHYSICS (7408/1) Paper 1 Specimen 2014 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you must have: a pencil a ruler a calculator a data and formulae booklet. Instructions
More informationWaves-Wave Characteristics
1. What is the wavelength of a 256-hertz sound wave in air at STP? 1. 1.17 10 6 m 2. 1.29 m 3. 0.773 m 4. 8.53 10-7 m 2. The graph below represents the relationship between wavelength and frequency of
More informationElectron Orbits. Binding Energy. centrifugal force: electrostatic force: stability criterion: kinetic energy of the electron on its orbit:
Electron Orbits In an atom model in which negatively charged electrons move around a small positively charged nucleus stable orbits are possible. Consider the simple example of an atom with a nucleus of
More informationChem 1A Exam 2 Review Problems
Chem 1A Exam 2 Review Problems 1. At 0.967 atm, the height of mercury in a barometer is 0.735 m. If the mercury were replaced with water, what height of water (in meters) would be supported at this pressure?
More information1. Basics of LASER Physics
1. Basics of LASER Physics Dr. Sebastian Domsch (Dipl.-Phys.) Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3 D-68167 Mannheim, Germany sebastian.domsch@medma.uni-heidelberg.de
More informationWave Function, ψ. Chapter 28 Atomic Physics. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. Line Spectrum
Wave Function, ψ Chapter 28 Atomic Physics The Hydrogen Atom The Bohr Model Electron Waves in the Atom The value of Ψ 2 for a particular object at a certain place and time is proportional to the probability
More informationBoardworks AS Physics
Boardworks AS Physics Vectors 24 slides 11 Flash activities Prefixes, scalars and vectors Guide to the SI unit prefixes of orders of magnitude Matching powers of ten to their SI unit prefixes Guide to
More informationCode number given on the right hand side of the question paper should be written on the title page of the answerbook by the candidate.
Series ONS SET-1 Roll No. Candiates must write code on the title page of the answer book Please check that this question paper contains 16 printed pages. Code number given on the right hand side of the
More informationQuantum Phenomena and the Theory of Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Phenomena and the Theory of The Mechanics of the Very Small Waseda University, SILS, Introduction to History and Philosophy of Science . Two Dark Clouds In 1900 at a Friday Evening lecture at the
More informationTreasure Hunt. Lecture 2 How does Light Interact with the Environment? EMR Principles and Properties. EMR and Remote Sensing
Lecture 2 How does Light Interact with the Environment? Treasure Hunt Find and scan all 11 QR codes Choose one to watch / read in detail Post the key points as a reaction to http://www.scoop.it/t/env202-502-w2
More informationAS PHYSICS (7407/1) Paper 1. Specimen 2014 Morning Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes. SPECIMEN MATERIAL v1.1
SPECIMEN MATERIAL v1.1 AS PHYSICS (7407/1) Paper 1 Specimen 2014 Morning Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: a pencil a ruler a calculator a data and formulae booklet.
More information5. The Nature of Light. Does Light Travel Infinitely Fast? EMR Travels At Finite Speed. EMR: Electric & Magnetic Waves
5. The Nature of Light Light travels in vacuum at 3.0. 10 8 m/s Light is one form of electromagnetic radiation Continuous radiation: Based on temperature Wien s Law & the Stefan-Boltzmann Law Light has
More informationUNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN Department of Physics and Engineering Physics
UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Physics 111.6 MIDTERM TEST #4 March 15, 2007 Time: 90 minutes NAME: (Last) Please Print (Given) STUDENT NO.: LECTURE SECTION (please
More informationDO PHYSICS ONLINE FROM QUANTA TO QUARKS QUANTUM (WAVE) MECHANICS
DO PHYSICS ONLINE FROM QUANTA TO QUARKS QUANTUM (WAVE) MECHANICS Quantum Mechanics or wave mechanics is the best mathematical theory used today to describe and predict the behaviour of particles and waves.
More informationCHAPTER - 1. Chapter ONE: WAVES CHAPTER - 2. Chapter TWO: RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS. CHAPTER - 3 Chapter THREE: WAVE OPTICS PERIODS PERIODS
BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION, A.P., HYDERABAD REVISION OF SYLLABUS Subject PHYSICS-II (w.e.f 2013-14) Chapter ONE: WAVES CHAPTER - 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 Transverse and longitudinal waves 1.3 Displacement
More informationILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2
Forensic Spectral Anaylysis: Warm up! The study of triangles has been done since ancient times. Many of the early discoveries about triangles are still used today. We will only be concerned with the "right
More informationPhysical Science Study Guide Unit 7 Wave properties and behaviors, electromagnetic spectrum, Doppler Effect
Objectives: PS-7.1 Physical Science Study Guide Unit 7 Wave properties and behaviors, electromagnetic spectrum, Doppler Effect Illustrate ways that the energy of waves is transferred by interaction with
More informationBlackbody Radiation References INTRODUCTION
Blackbody Radiation References 1) R.A. Serway, R.J. Beichner: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 5 th Edition, Vol. 2, Ch.40, Saunders College Publishing (A Division of Harcourt
More informationLight as a Wave. The Nature of Light. EM Radiation Spectrum. EM Radiation Spectrum. Electromagnetic Radiation
The Nature of Light Light and other forms of radiation carry information to us from distance astronomical objects Visible light is a subset of a huge spectrum of electromagnetic radiation Maxwell pioneered
More informationModel of Quantum Computing in the Cloud: The Relativistic Vision Applied in Corporate Networks
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-issn : 2320-0847 p-issn : 2320-0936 Volume-03, Issue-04, pp-316-334 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access Model of Quantum Computing in the Cloud: The
More informationv = fλ PROGRESSIVE WAVES 1 Candidates should be able to :
PROGRESSIVE WAVES 1 Candidates should be able to : Describe and distinguish between progressive longitudinal and transverse waves. With the exception of electromagnetic waves, which do not need a material
More informationSIZE. Energy. Non-Mechanical Energy. Mechanical Energy. Part II. Examples of Non-Mechanical Energy. Examples of Mechanical Energy.
Energy Part II Non-Mechanical Energy Wait a minute if all energy is either kinetic or potential and TME = KE + PE then how can there possibly be such thing as non-mechanical energy!?!? Mechanical Energy
More informationFriday 20 January 2012 Morning
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Friday 20 January 2012 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE PHYSICS A A181/02 Modules P1 P2 P3 (Higher Tier) *A131500112* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS. Friday, June 20, 2014 1:15 to 4:15 p.m.
P.S./PHYSICS The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS Friday, June 20, 2014 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only The possession or use of any communications device
More informationPhysical Quantities, Symbols and Units
Table 1 below indicates the physical quantities required for numerical calculations that are included in the Access 3 Physics units and the Intermediate 1 Physics units and course together with the SI
More informationAtomic Structure: Chapter Problems
Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems Bohr Model Class Work 1. Describe the nuclear model of the atom. 2. Explain the problems with the nuclear model of the atom. 3. According to Niels Bohr, what does n stand
More informationMAKING SENSE OF ENERGY Electromagnetic Waves
Adapted from State of Delaware TOE Unit MAKING SENSE OF ENERGY Electromagnetic Waves GOALS: In this Part of the unit you will Learn about electromagnetic waves, how they are grouped, and how each group
More informationChemistry 2 Chapter 13: Electrons in Atoms Please do not write on the test Use an answer sheet! 1 point/problem 45 points total
Chemistry 2 Chapter 13: Electrons in Atoms Please do not write on the test Use an answer sheet! 1 point/problem 45 points total 1. Calculate the energy in joules of a photon of red light that has a frequency
More informationCurriculum for Excellence. Higher Physics. Success Guide
Curriculum for Excellence Higher Physics Success Guide Electricity Our Dynamic Universe Particles and Waves Electricity Key Area Monitoring and Measuring A.C. Monitoring alternating current signals with
More informationElectrons In Atoms Mr. O Brien (SFHS) Chapter 5 Standard 1D
Electrons In Atoms Mr. O Brien (SFHS) Chapter 5 Standard 1D Electrons in Atoms (std.1d) What are Bohr Models? planetary model in which the negatively-charged electrons orbit a small, positively-charged
More informationWaves Sound and Light
Waves Sound and Light r2 c:\files\courses\1710\spr12\wavetrans.doc Ron Robertson The Nature of Waves Waves are a type of energy transmission that results from a periodic disturbance (vibration). They are
More informationAssessment Plan for Learning Outcomes for BA/BS in Physics
Department of Physics and Astronomy Goals and Learning Outcomes 1. Students know basic physics principles [BS, BA, MS] 1.1 Students can demonstrate an understanding of Newton s laws 1.2 Students can demonstrate
More informationElectromagnetic Radiation and Polarization
Satellite Remote Sensing SIO 135/SIO 236 Electromagnetic Radiation and Polarization Helen Amanda Fricker 1 This is a refresher only! If you want a comprehensive lecture on EM theory, try this link: http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-03-
More informationElectromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing 1 Atmosphere Anything missing in between? Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) is radiated by atomic particles at the source (the Sun), propagates through
More informationThe photoionization detector (PID) utilizes ultraviolet
Chapter 6 Photoionization Detectors The photoionization detector (PID) utilizes ultraviolet light to ionize gas molecules, and is commonly employed in the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
More informationAS COMPETITION PAPER 2008
AS COMPETITION PAPER 28 Name School Town & County Total Mark/5 Time Allowed: One hour Attempt as many questions as you can. Write your answers on this question paper. Marks allocated for each question
More informationWAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
WAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION All waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency and speed. Wavelength (lambda, ): the distance between any 2 successive crests or troughs. Frequency (nu,):
More informationExperiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy
Experiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy One of the most important areas in the field of analytical chemistry is that of spectroscopy. In general terms, spectroscopy deals with the interactions
More informationAustin Peay State University Department of Chemistry Chem 1111. The Use of the Spectrophotometer and Beer's Law
Purpose To become familiar with using a spectrophotometer and gain an understanding of Beer s law and it s relationship to solution concentration. Introduction Scientists use many methods to determine
More informationOnline Courses for High School Students 1-888-972-6237
Online Courses for High School Students 1-888-972-6237 PHYSICS Course Description: This course provides a comprehensive survey of all key areas: physical systems, measurement, kinematics, dynamics, momentum,
More informationAP* Atomic Structure & Periodicity Free Response Questions KEY page 1
AP* Atomic Structure & Periodicity ree Response Questions KEY page 1 1980 a) points 1s s p 6 3s 3p 6 4s 3d 10 4p 3 b) points for the two electrons in the 4s: 4, 0, 0, +1/ and 4, 0, 0, - 1/ for the three
More informationOverview. What is EMR? Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) LA502 Special Studies Remote Sensing
LA502 Special Studies Remote Sensing Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Dr. Ragab Khalil Department of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Environmental Design King AbdulAziz University Room 103 Overview What
More informationFinal. Mark Scheme. Physics A PHYA1. (Specification 2450) Unit 1: Particles, quantum phenomena and electricity
Version.0 General Certificate of Education (A-level) June 0 Physics A PHYA (Specification 450) Unit : Particles, quantum phenomena and electricity Final Mark Scheme Mark schemes are prepared by the Principal
More informationUsing light scattering method to find The surface tension of water
Experiment (8) Using light scattering method to find The surface tension of water The aim of work: The goals of this experiment are to confirm the relationship between angular frequency and wave vector
More informationSemester 2. Final Exam Review
Semester 2 Final Exam Review Motion and Force Vocab Motion object changes position relative to a reference point. Speed distance traveled in a period of time. Velocity speed in a direction. Acceleration
More informationSample Exercise 6.1 Concepts of Wavelength and Frequency
Sample Exercise 6.1 Concepts of Wavelength and Frequency Two electromagnetic waves are represented in the margin. (a) Which wave has the higher frequency? (b) If one wave represents visible light and the
More information13- What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the subshell 3d? a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 2
Assignment 06 A 1- What is the energy in joules of an electron undergoing a transition from n = 3 to n = 5 in a Bohr hydrogen atom? a) -3.48 x 10-17 J b) 2.18 x 10-19 J c) 1.55 x 10-19 J d) -2.56 x 10-19
More informationThe rate of change of velocity with respect to time. The average rate of change of distance/displacement with respect to time.
H2 PHYSICS DEFINITIONS LIST Scalar Vector Term Displacement, s Speed Velocity, v Acceleration, a Average speed/velocity Instantaneous Velocity Newton s First Law Newton s Second Law Newton s Third Law
More informationProduction of X-rays. Radiation Safety Training for Analytical X-Ray Devices Module 9
Module 9 This module presents information on what X-rays are and how they are produced. Introduction Module 9, Page 2 X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. Other types of electromagnetic radiation
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS. Wednesday, June 17, 2015 1:15 to 4:15 p.m.
P.S./PHYSICS The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS Wednesday, June 17, 2015 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only The possession or use of any communications
More informationAP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light
AP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light Name: Period: Date: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Reflection,
More informationKatharina Lückerath (AG Dr. Martin Zörnig) adapted from Dr. Jörg Hildmann BD Biosciences,Customer Service
Introduction into Flow Cytometry Katharina Lückerath (AG Dr. Martin Zörnig) adapted from Dr. Jörg Hildmann BD Biosciences,Customer Service How does a FACS look like? FACSCalibur FACScan What is Flow Cytometry?
More informationHSC Physics Notes From Ideas to Implementation
HSC Physics Notes From Ideas to Implementation 9.3-1. Increased understanding of cathode rays led to the development of the television 1. explain why the apparent inconsistent behaviour of cathode rays
More informationHomework #10 (749508)
Homework #10 (749508) Current Score: 0 out of 100 Description Homework on quantum physics and radioactivity Instructions Answer all the questions as best you can. 1. Hewitt10 32.E.001. [481697] 0/5 points
More informationChapter 9: ELECTRONS IN ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
Chapter 9: ELECTRONS IN ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE Problems: 1-3, 13-15, 19, 23-25, 31-32, 43, 45-46, 49c, 50a, 50b, 57c, 58 (b,c,d), 61-62, 69, 71-74, 77-88, 91-94 9.5 LIGHT: Electromagnetic Radiation
More informationPhysics 6C, Summer 2006 Homework 2 Solutions
Physics 6C, Summer 006 Homework Solutions All problems are from the nd edition of Walker. Numerical values are different for each student. Chapter 3 Problems. Figure 3-30 below shows a circuit containing
More informationEfficiency of a Light Emitting Diode
PHYSICS THROUGH TEACHING LABORATORY VII Efficiency of a Light Emitting Diode RAJESH B. KHAPARDE AND SMITHA PUTHIYADAN Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education Tata Institute of Fundamental Research V.
More informationPhysical Principle of Formation and Essence of Radio Waves
Physical Principle of Formation and Essence of Radio Waves Anatoli Bedritsky Abstract. This article opens physical phenomena which occur at the formation of the radio waves, and opens the essence of the
More informationWaves: Recording Sound Waves and Sound Wave Interference (Teacher s Guide)
Waves: Recording Sound Waves and Sound Wave Interference (Teacher s Guide) OVERVIEW Students will measure a sound wave by placing the Ward s DataHub microphone near one tuning fork A440 (f=440hz). Then
More informationCOLLATED QUESTIONS: ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
COLLATED QUESTIONS: ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 2011(2): WAVES Doppler radar can determine the speed and direction of a moving car. Pulses of extremely high frequency radio waves are sent out in a narrow
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy: Theory
u Chapter 15 Infrared Spectroscopy: Theory An important tool of the organic chemist is Infrared Spectroscopy, or IR. IR spectra are acquired on a special instrument, called an IR spectrometer. IR is used
More informationEnergy Transformations
Energy Transformations Concept Sheet Energy Transformations PS.6: The student will investigate and understand states and forms of energy and how energy is transferred and transformed. 1. Energy is the
More information4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES HW/Study Packet
4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES HW/Study Packet Required: READ Hamper pp 115-134 SL/HL Supplemental: Cutnell and Johnson, pp 473-477, 507-513 Tsokos, pp 216-242 REMEMBER TO. Work through all
More informationElectromagnetic Radiation
UNIT VII Electromagnetic Radiation (a) (b) (c) This series of photos of a supernova remnant shows the various types of electromagnetic radiation that are being emitted from the supernova remnant. The large
More informationAP1 Waves. (A) frequency (B) wavelength (C) speed (D) intensity. Answer: (A) and (D) frequency and intensity.
1. A fire truck is moving at a fairly high speed, with its siren emitting sound at a specific pitch. As the fire truck recedes from you which of the following characteristics of the sound wave from the
More informationXX. Introductory Physics, High School
XX. Introductory Physics, High School High School Introductory Physics Test The spring 2014 high school Introductory Physics test was based on learning standards in the Introductory Physics content strand
More informationForms of Energy. Freshman Seminar
Forms of Energy Freshman Seminar Energy Energy The ability & capacity to do work Energy can take many different forms Energy can be quantified Law of Conservation of energy In any change from one form
More informationChapter 2. Quantum Theory
Chapter 2 Quantum Theory 2.0 Introduction 2.6 Orbital Shapes, Signs, and Sizes 2.1 The Nature of Light 2.7 Electron Configurations 2.2 Quantization 2.8 Quantum Theory and the Periodic Table 2.3 Bohr Model
More informationPHYSICS PAPER 1 (THEORY)
PHYSICS PAPER 1 (THEORY) (Three hours) (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must NOT start writing during this time.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationYerkes Summer Institute 2002
Before we begin our investigations into radio waves you should review the following material on your trip up to Yerkes. For some of you this will be a refresher, but others may want to spend more time
More informationSpectrophotometry and the Beer-Lambert Law: An Important Analytical Technique in Chemistry
Spectrophotometry and the Beer-Lambert Law: An Important Analytical Technique in Chemistry Jon H. Hardesty, PhD and Bassam Attili, PhD Collin College Department of Chemistry Introduction: In the last lab
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS. Thursday, June 13, 2013 1:15 to 4:15 p.m.
P.S./PHYSICS The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICS Thursday, June 13, 2013 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only The possession or use of any communications
More information