Satellite imagery: strengths and challenges for forest monitoring

Transcription

1 Satellite imagery: strengths and challenges for forest monitoring Workshop Program: Climate technology transfer mechanisms and networks in Latin America and the Caribbean - Forestry Sector Costa Rica, 29th October 2015

2 Sumary: Brazilian Monitoring Systems. Brazilian Forest Service (SFB). Lack of information on Forest Monitoring and Perspectives.

3 Long Time Series of Deforestation Monitoring Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose PRODES Annual 1982 Current Landsat Deforestation

4 Improving Detection in Time Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose DETER 7 / 15 days 2004 Current Landsat Near Real Time Alert DETER Near Real Time Detection MODIS images

5 The Intensity - Degrad Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose DEGRAD Annual 2007 Current Landsat Degradation DETEX Annual 2007 Current Landsat Low Impact Selective Logging

6 The Land Use Identification - TerraClass Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose TerraClass Annual Landsat Land Use After Deforestation

7 Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose Fire Spots Monthly 2001 current Landsat Near Real Time Alert Fire Scars Monthly Landsat Degradation Last Year start to produce Scars Area for estimation os DEGRADATION

8 Estimation - CO2 Emission Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose CO2 Decennial 1990/ Landsat Cross Changes (veg x non veg) 3 th National Greenhouse Gas inventory covering anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals

9 The Extension All biomes Before Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose PMDBBS Annual Landsat Deforestation After Deforestation Cerrado Atlantic Forest Caatinga Pantanal Pampa ,67% 75,62% 43,38% 12,35% 52,76% ,84% 75,88% 45,39% 15,18% 53,98% ,22% 75,90% 45,92% 15,30% 54,17% ,54% unmeasured unmeasured unmeasured unmeasured

10 Antecipate Actions Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose INDICAR 45 days ALOS/PALSAR Near Real Time Alert ALOS/PALSAR

11 Geoinformation Flux: Forest 2006 Regenaration and Alternative Use of Land Conversion Yearly Forest Flux of Geoinformation Brazilian Forest Service National Register of Public Forests National Forest Inventory Rural Environmental Registry - CAR Planning and Selection of Public Forest of Direct Management Monitoring of Concessions in Public Forests Granting Concession area for Sustainable Forest Management

12 National Register of Public Forests - CNFP

13 Concept of Forest 58 Vegetation Types of Forest in all five biomes Approximately ha of Rainforests and Seasonal Forests.

14 Components of Public Forest CNFP CNFP 2013 Updates 2014 CNFP 2014 Army Lands Indians Lands Conservation Units Non-designated Public Lands Settlements State Public Forests Forests 2006 Rural properties

15 CNFP Mi ha National Register of Public Forests CNFP

16 National Register of Rural Properties

17 National Register of Rural Properties Freq. starts end Sensor Purpose CAR N.A. 2008/ RapidEye Vegetation Diagnostic Register of rural land by land user declaration for all Brazil country.

18 Rural Areas Register Number of Rural Areas Registered: Area of Rural Areas Registered: ha

19 Promotion and Inclusion (Rural Properties Register) Points of Water Uptake Metropolitan Areas Bidding to Select Projects for Riparian Vegetation Recovery in Watersheds that Contribute to the Points of Water Uptake to Supply Human Consumption of Metropolitan Areas (approximately 11 million dollars).

20 National Forest Inventory

21 National Forest Inventory Sistematic Sampling National Grid of 20km x 20km sample points

22 Landscape Metrics for Upscaling Approach and Landscape Analysis Sub sampled Grid of 40km x 40km sample points

23 National Forest Inventory Comparison of Forest Maps National Inventory Planning Activities ALOS Forest Non-Forest (FNF) X Optical Map aprouches (1degree tiles) ALOS Forest Non-Forest (FNF) X National Inventory Grid (~ samples)

24 Forest Under Concession Monitoring

25 Production Control (Testing Methodology with UAV) Parnership SFB/UFG Itapuã do Oeste/RO 17/07/2014

26 Exploration Activities Monitoring Tree volume(m 3 ) Exploited tree(m 3 ) Legend

27 Exploration Activities Monitoring June, 2014 August, 2014 Satellite images - DETEX

28 Testing Methodology - Airborne RADAR X and P band Before After

29 Operational Methodology Airborne LIDAR It Began with Technical Cooperation with the US Forest Service Minimum of 4 terrain returns per square meter

30 Operational Methodology Airborne LIDAR Gap Analisys On Exploration 2 years after Exploration Forest Regenaration

31 Operational Methodology Airborne LIDAR Before After Top Canopy high monitoring

32 Before Operational Methodology Airborne LIDAR After Understory monitoring (0 to 6 meters)

33 Operational Methodology Airborne LIDAR Understory Regeneration Monitoring 2011: After Exploration 2013: 2 years After Exploration

34 Sattelite Images Optical Images of: Landsat, CBERS. RapidEye for all Brasil 3 years. Radar data from ALOS of 2007, 2008, 2009 and Orthoretified Images. Data Increasing for Forest Monitoring

35 Geodata demand for Forest Monitoring Forest Biophysical Qualification : o Biomass estimation (Estimation) o Richness estimation (Species/Forest Type/Maps) o Planted Forests (National Perspective) Forest Dynamics Qualification: o Degradation/Sustainability (Threshold) o Regeneration (Measurement/Qualification)

36 GeoData x GeoInformation for Forest Monitoring Conclusion: DIVERGENCE X CONVERGENCE - Increase of Data Delivery Systems and Concurrent Methodologies. Increase of Data and Demand for Capacity of Analysis. LOST X LIVING - Increase of Deforastation Monitoring Systems x Lack of Information about Forest (Dinamics, Species Composition Changes), and also baseline for monitoring.

37 Thank you! Humberto N. Mesquita Jr. Costa Rica, 29th October 2015