Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds Section Review 3.1
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1 Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds Section Review Name the following binary molecular compounds. a. BrO 2 b. Cl 2 O 7 c. ICl 3 d. SeF 6 e. AsF 3 f. N 2 O 5 g. ICl h. OF 2 i. XeF 4 j. PI 3 2. Write formulas for the following compounds. a. diboron trioxide b. carbon diselenide c. carbon monoxide d. tetrasulfur dinitride e. disulfur difluoride f. dibromine monoxide g. dinitrogen tetroxide h. phosphorus trichloride Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 1
2 1. Name the following ionic compounds. Section Review 3.2 a. NaNO 2 b. AgNO 3 c. CuCl d. PbSO 4 e. Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 f. NH 4 C 2 H 3 O 2 2. Write formulas for the ionic compounds formed by each of the following pairs. a. sodium ions and sulfate ions b. Pb and PO 4 c. iron (III) ions and chloride ions d. K + 2- and Cr 2 O 7 3. Write formulas for the following ionic compounds. a. calcium phosphide b. potassium sulfide c. lead (IV) chromate d. sodium hydrogen phosphate Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 2
3 Section Review 3.3 Concept Review 1. What units are usually used to express molecular mass? 2. How many molecules of hydrogen are in one mole of H 2? 3. Define molar mass. Application 1. Calculate the molecular mass of each of the following. a. methane, CH 4 b. xenon hexafluoride, XeF 6 c. cholesterol, C 27 H 46 O 2. Assume you are given 0.44 mol of a substance. a. How many atoms are present if the substance is lead metal, Pb? b. How many molecules are present if the substance is sucrose, C 12 H 22 O 11? c. How many formula units are present if the substance is calcium carbonate, CaCO 3? 3. Give the molar mass of each of the following substances. a. Zn c. O 2 b. AgCl d. Na 2 SO 4 Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 3
4 Section Review Calculate the percent composition of the following compounds. a. benzene, C 6 H 6 b. rubbing (isopropyl) alcohol, C 3 H 8 O 2. A g sample of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) contains g C, g H, and g O. Calculate the percent composition of vitamin C. 3. Hydrogen peroxide, used as a disinfectant, bleach, and rocket fuel, is 5.93% H, and 94.07% O, and has a molar mass of g/ mol. Find the empirical and molecular formulas of hydrogen peroxide. Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 4
5 Chapter 3 Review Questions 1. What area of chemistry includes the study of the numerical relationships between elements and compounds? 2. What is the main difference between molecular compounds and ionic compounds? 3. Distinguish between molecular formulas and empirical formulas. Which type is the same as the formula unit of an ionic compound? 4. Explain why molecular formulas cannot be used for ionic compounds. 5. Write the names of the following ions. 3- a. PO 4 + b. NH 4 - c. NO 3 d. OH - e. Fe f. SO 4 6. Which of the following is the proper name of SnO 2 : tin(i) oxide, tin(ii) oxide or tin(iv) oxide? 7. What is the relationship between the mole and Avogadro s number? 8. Define percent composition. Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 5
6 Problems 1. Write the empirical formulas of the following compounds. a. benzene, C 6 H 6 b. C 12 H 22 O Name the following compounds. a. CuI b. FeO c. Zn(ClO 3 ) 2 d. PCl 5 e. Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 f. Cl 4 g. PBr 3 3. Name the following compounds. a. Pb(NO 3 ) 2 b. NH 4 NO 2 c. K 2 Cr 2 O 7 d. N 2 F 4 e. NaHCO 3 f. (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 4. Write formulas for the following compounds. a. aluminum dihydrogen phosphate b. sulfur difluoride c. potassium sulfate d. magnesium acetate e. iron (III) chloride f. lead (II) sulfide g. dinitrogen monoxide Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 6
7 5. Write formulas for the following compounds. a. mercury(ii) bromide b. ammonium carbonate c. sulfur dioxide d. uranium hexafluoride e. ammonium hydroxide f. ammonium phosphate 6. How many water molecules are in 2.5 mol of water? 7. Calculate the molar mass of each of the following. a. iron(ii) oxide, FeO b. hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2 c. uranium hexafluoride, UF 6 d. calcium carbonate, CaCO 3 8. What is the mass of 2.5 mol of water? 9. What is the mass of 5.00 mol of gold? Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 7
8 10. Calculate the percent composition of aspirin, C 9 H 8 O A g sample of codeine (a prescription drug used to treat coughing and moderate pain) contains g carbon, g hydrogen, g nitrogen, and g oxygen. Find the percent composition of codeine. 12. A certain compound is analyzed and found to be 85.6% C and 14.4% H. Its molar mass is 42.1 g/ mol. Find the empirical and molecular formulas. Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Elements and Compounds 8
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Name: Exam 2 Chemistry 65 Summer 2015 Score: Instructions: Clearly circle the one best answer 1. Valence electrons are electrons located A) in the outermost energy level of an atom. B) in the nucleus of