1) Write the electron configuration and circle the valence electrons for each element.
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1 Ion formation Name Period: 1) Write the electron configuration and circle the valence electrons for each element. a) Al e) Cu b) O f) Ca c) N g) Cl d) Na h) S 2) For each element in problem 1, state the number of electrons that each element will lose or gain to become stable. Write the symbol for the cation or anion that forms, including its charge. (Ex: Mg lose 2e-, Mg 2+ ) a) E) b) f) c) g) c) h) 3) Write the chemical formula of the compounds that will form from the following ions. a) Mg 2+ O 2- b) Fe 3+ F 1- c) K 1+ Br 1- d) Cs 1+ O 2- e) Li 1+ S 2- f) Fe 3+ O 2- Answer the following questions using complete sentences where appropriate. 4) Explain why atoms of noble gases do not easily form bonds unlike most other atoms? 5) What happens to energy and stability of an atom when it forms a chemical bond?
2 Introduction to Bonding Fill in the chart with the correct information 1. Electron configuration 2. # valence electrons 3. Gain or lose e- to form ion Magnesium Oxygen 4. How many e- gained or lost? 5. Explain how you think magnesium and oxygen could react with each other to form magnesium oxide? 6. Complete the table to predict how the following elements will achieve noble gas configurations. Element Noble Gas Configuration # valence electrons Sodium Fluorine Calcium Potassium Oxygen Nitrogen Lithium Aluminum Bromine Magnesium # electrons gained or lost Formula of ion 7. Pick an element from #6 above that would form a positive ion. Explain why and how it forms a positive ion. 8. In the space provided below, draw a model to represent calcium and bromine with their valence electrons. Show how calcium forms a 2+ ion and bromine forms a 1- ion. Tell where bromine gets its electrons to form negative ions. Describe how many bromine atoms would have to be available to form ions with one calcium atom.
3 Ion Naming Practice Name Potassium ion Calcium ion Aluminum ion Bromide Oxide Nitride Name binary ionics 1. NaCl 2. CaCl 2 3. MgBr 2 4. K 2 S 5. Ba 3 N 2 Write formula for binary ionics: 1. magnesium oxide 2. potassium chloride 3. strontium phosphide 4. lithium fluoride 5. aluminum sulfide Practice: Basic ionic names and formulas Additional practice Sodium ion Magnesium ion Aluminum ion Iodide Sulfide Phosphide 1. rubidium selenide 2. sodium selenide 3. barium iodide 4. beryllium bromide
4 Practice Ionic names and formulas with Transition metals. Chloride Iron (II) ion Iron (III) ion Sulfide Nitride Name binary ionic compounds including transition metals 1. AgCl 2. FeN 3. Fe 3 N 2 4. CuO 5. Cu 2 O Write formula for binary ionic compounds including transition metals 1. mercury(ii) sulfide 2. lead(iv) bromide 3. copper(i) phosphide 4. zinc iodide 5. copper(ii) fluoride 6. iron(iii) oxide Copper (I) ion Tin (II) ion Fluoride Oxide Phosphide 1. mercury(i) nitride 2. zinc selenide 3. iron(ii) oxide 4. tin(ii) oxide
5 Polyatomic Ions Lithium ion Copper (II) ion Ammonium ion Nitrate Sulfite Phosphate Name each of the following ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. 1. NH 4 Cl 2. KOH 3. Na 2 SO 4 4. Mg(NO 3 ) 2 5. AgC 2 H 3 O 2
6 Write the correct formula for each of the following ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. 1. lithium sulfide 2. calcium sulfate 3. sodium sulfite 4. ammonium hydroxide 5. copper(ii) sulfate Sodium ion Chromium (III) ion Zinc ion Acetate Carbonate Phosphate Name each of the following ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. 1. Cs 2 SO 3 4. LiNO 2 2. AlPO 4 5. KHCO 3 3. BaCO 3 Write the correct formula for each of the following ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. 1. rubidium phosphate 2. aluminum hydroxide 3. strontium acetate 4. beryllium nitrate 5. potassium nitrite
7 Ion Naming Review Sodium Nitrate K 2 SO 4 Calcium Fluoride Na 3 PO 4 Magnesium Sulfate Pb(NO 3 ) 2 Sodium Carbonate FeCl 3 Potassium Bromide BaCl 2 Iron (II) Sulfate Ca(OH) 2 Magnesium Chloride Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Copper (II) Carbonate Potassium Nitrite K 2 O FeO Sodium Acetate CaI 2 Iron (II) Hydroxide NH 4 Br Aluminum Sulfite BaCl 2 Magnesium Oxide FePO 4 Lead (II) Iodide Ag 2 SO 4 Mercury (I) Chloride Co(OH) 2 Aluminum Oxide Cu 2 O Lithium Nitrate CrPO 4 Zinc Acetate Al(OH) 3 Sodium Selenide Na 3 P Sodium Chloride CaBr 2
8 Practice Ionic Nomenclature Name Period Date A. Binary Compounds Write the formula for the following Compounds 1. Aluminum oxide 2. Calcium bromide 3. Beryllium sulfide B. Binary Compounds - Write the name of the following compounds. 1. NaCl 2. Ca 3 P 2 3. K 2 O C. Ionic Bonds with Transition Metals Write the formula for the following compounds. 1. Tungsten (VI) oxide 2. Titanium (IV) chloride 3. Chromium (II) nitride D. Ionic Bonds with Transition Metals - Write the name of the following compounds. 1. Fe 2 O 3 2. Cu 3 N 3. CuO E. Ionic Bonds with Polyatomic Ions - Write the formula for the following compounds. 1. Sodium and Hydroxide 2. Magnesium and Phosphate 3. Ammonium and Sulfate F. Ionic Bonds with Polyatomic Ions - Write the name of the following compounds. 1. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 2. NaNO 3 3. (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 G. General Mix Write the name or formula for each of the following compounds. 1. Calcium chlorate 2. Copper (I) iodate 3. NaHCO 3 4. Cu 2 O 5. Silver sulfate 6. Aluminum phosphate
9 Ions Pre-Test 1. What is a chemical bond? Name 2. What are the two ways that a chemical bond may form? 3. What causes atoms in the same group on the periodic table to have similar properties? 4. Which electrons are involved in bonding between atoms? 5. How does the electron-dot structure in this book differ from the way we did it? 6. What is ionization energy? 7. How does the ionization energy of noble gases compare to that of group 1A elements? 8. How does reactivity of elements relate to the number of valence electrons and atom has? What family of elements is relatively unreactive and why? 9. How many valence electrons do noble gases have? What is the significance of the phrase stable octet? 10. What is a cation? 11. When sodium loses an electron it does not become neon even though they now have the same number of electrons. Why doesn t sodium turn into neon when it loses 1 electron? 12. What is the difference between an atom and an ion? 13. Why do atoms that lose electrons have a positive charge while atoms that gain electrons have a negative charge? 14. Why are group 1 elements more reactive than group 2?
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