Ayala Earth Science Semester 2 Midterm Samples

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1 Use Answer Document Form: A Copy # Ayala Earth Science Semester 2 Midterm Samples 1. Which force generates winds? a. the Coriolis effect b. gravity c. pressure differences d. friction 2. How would the climate of a coastal city differ from that of a city at the same latitude located farther inland? a. The coastal city would have cooler summers. b. The coastal city would have colder winters. c. The coastal city would have hotter summers. d. They are at the same latitude so their climates would not differ. 3. What is true about warm, saturated air? a. It contains less water vapor than cold air. b. It contains more water vapor than cold air. c. It contains the same amount of water vapor as cold air. d. It does not contain any water vapor. 4. Which of the following terms best describes air? a. element b. compound c. mixture d. none of the above 5. Global winds move warm air toward the. a. equator b. oceans c. atmosphere d. poles 6. Variations in air pressure from place to place are the principal cause of. a. snow b. rain c. wind d. clouds 7. In polar areas, solar radiation strikes Earth at a. a. small angle b. large angle c. right angle d. greater angle than at the tropics 8. A wind that consistently blows more often from one direction than from any other is called a. a. local wind b. prevailing wind c. trade wind d. jet stream 9. What is true about relative humidity? a. It indicates how near the air is to saturation. b. It indicates the actual quantity of water vapor in the air. c. It is the general term used to describe the amount of water vapor in air. d. It is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled to reach saturation. 10. What is the relationship between elevation and climate? a. The higher the elevation is, the colder the b. The lower the elevation is, the colder the c. The higher the elevation is, the warmer the d. There is no relationship between elevation and 11. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a low-pressure system blow. a. counterclockwise toward the center b. clockwise toward the center c. clockwise outward from the center d. counterclockwise outward from the center 12. What happens to the intensity of solar energy as latitude increases? a. It stays the same. b. It increases. c. It decreases. d. It doubles. 13. Which form of precipitation is likely to occur when a layer of air with temperatures above freezing overlies a subfreezing layer near the ground? a. rain b. sleet c. snow d. hail 1

2 Keep your eyes on your own test. Form : A 14. If the water-vapor content of air remains constant, lowering air temperature causes a(n). a. decrease in relative humidity b. increase in relative humidity c. increase in evaporation d. temperature inversion 15. High-altitude, high-velocity rivers of air are called. a. cyclones b. jet streams c. anticyclones d. tornadoes 16. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. All objects, at any temperature, emit radiant energy. b. The hottest radiating bodies produce the shortest wavelengths of maximum radiation. c. Hotter objects radiate more total energy per unit area than do colder objects. d. Objects that are good absorbers of radiation are good reflectors as well. 17. Which climate experiences seasonal periods of perpetual night? a. humid tropical b. humid mid-latitude c. highland d. polar 18. Near the equator, rising air is associated with a pressure zone known as the. a. equatorial high b. equatorial low c. tropical low d. tropical high 19. A sea breeze usually originates during the. a. evening and flows toward the land b. day and flows toward the land c. evening and flows toward the water d. day and flows toward the water 20. Most important weather phenomena occur in the. a. stratosphere b. mesosphere c. troposphere d. thermosphere 21. Which term describes the conversion of a solid directly to a gas, without passing through the liquid state? a. evaporation b. sublimation c. condensation d. deposition 22. Which phenomenon is associated with surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific that are colder than average? a. La Niña b. El Niño c. global warming d. local winds 23. Air subsides in the center of a(n). a. low-pressure system b. high-pressure system c. jet stream d. area of surface convergence 24. What two factors are used to classify climate in the Köppen climate classification system? a. temperature and air pressure b. elevation and latitude c. temperature and precipitation d. precipitation and location 25. How does volcanic ash in Earth s atmosphere affect solar radiation? a. It increases the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth s surface. b. It increases the amount of solar radiation that is absorbed by oceans and lakes. c. It increases the amount of solar radiation that is reflected into space. d. all of the above 26. Low-pressure zones at the equator and in subpolar regions cause. a. changes in vegetation b. rain shadows c. cloud formation d. extreme temperatures 2

3 Keep your eyes on your own test. Form : A 27. Earth receives energy from the sun through what method of heat transfer? a. conduction b. convection c. radiation d. none of the above 28. What is true about stable air? a. It tends to rise. b. It tends to resist rising. c. It is associated with severe storms. d. It is never associated with precipitation. 29. Orographic lifting is associated with. a. mountains b. rivers c. flat plains d. fronts 30. According to Figure 21-1, which statement best describes temperature patterns for St. Louis, Missouri? a. There is little seasonal variation in temperature. b. The coldest month is February. c. The temperature range is approximately 45 C. d. High temperatures average around 28 C. 31. Which process does NOT decrease the salinity of water? a. runoff from land b. formation of sea ice c. precipitation d. melting of sea ice 32. In which direction is air pressure exerted? a. upward b. downward c. sideways d. all of the above 33. According to the conveyor belt model of ocean circulation, what happens when water reaches the poles? a. The salinity of the water increases. b. The salinity of the water decreases. c. The density of the water decreases. d. The temperature of the water increases. 34. Seasonal changes in wind direction associated with large landmasses and adjacent water bodies are called. a. polar fronts b. jet streams c. monsoons d. trade winds 35. Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are all examples of. a. evaporation b. condensation c. precipitation d. deposition 36. City A in the Southern Hemisphere and City B in the Northern Hemisphere are located at the same latitude. Which of the following is likely true about these cities? a. City A has the larger annual temperature range. b. City B has the larger annual temperature range. c. Both cities likely have the same annual temperature range. d. Both cities should have nearly identical winter temperatures. 37. What is true about an ocean current that is moving toward the equator? a. It is warm. b. It is fast. c. It is cold. d. It is slow. 38. When air transfers energy to a cooler object, what happens to the air temperature? a. It increases. b. It decreases. c. It stays the same. d. It fluctuates. 39. Which type of climate has no winters? a. humid tropical b. dry c. polar d. highland 3

4 Keep your eyes on your own test. Form : A 40. In general, what is true about places at higher altitudes? a. They have cooler temperatures than places at lower altitudes. b. They have the same temperatures as places at lower altitudes. c. They have warmer temperatures than places at lower altitudes. d. They have less predictable temperatures than places at lower altitudes. 41. What phenomenon naturally warms Earth s lower atmosphere and surface? a. the formation of sunspots b. changes in the shape of Earth s orbit c. global warming d. the greenhouse effect 42. At night, clouds act as a blanket by. a. absorbing incoming radiation b. absorbing outgoing radiation c. reflecting incoming radiation d. reflecting outgoing radiation 43. The rising of cold water from deeper layers to replace warmer surface water is called. a. the Coriolis effect b. a surface current c. upwelling d. reflection 44. On which date does the Antarctic Circle have 24 hours of daylight? a. June 21 b. March 21 c. September 21 d. December Which of the following best describes the general air temperature on a cloudy night? a. lower than on a clear night b. higher than on a clear night c. the same as on a clear night d. less predictable than on a clear night 46. What is the relationship between fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect? a. Burning fossil fuels decreases incoming solar radiation. b. Burning fossil fuels decreases the absorption capacity of greenhouse gases. c. Burning fossil fuels lowers the greenhouse effect. d. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 47. Which clouds are often associated with thunder and lightning? a. cirrostratus b. altostratus c. cumulonimbus d. nimbostratus 48. During the twentieth century, Earth s average surface temperature. a. increased b. decreased c. stayed the same d. fluctuated wildly 49. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high-pressure system blow. a. counterclockwise toward the center b. clockwise toward the center c. clockwise outward from the center d. counterclockwise outward from the center 50. Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the. a. right b. left c. north d. south 51. Weather-producing fronts are parts of storm systems called. a. middle-latitude cyclones b. hurricanes c. tropical storms d. tornadoes 4

5 ID: A Ayala Earth Science Semester 2 Midterm Samples Answer Section 1. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 19.3 STA: 5.a 5.b 2. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 21.3 STA: 6.b 3. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 18.3 STA: 5.a 5.b 4. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 17.1 STA: 8.a 5. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 21.4 STA: 5.a 6.c 6. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.3 STA: 5.a 5.b 7. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 21.1 STA: 6.c 8. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: STA: 5.a 9. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 18.4 STA: 5.a 5.b 10. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 21.2 STA: 6.b 11. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.5 STA: 5.b 12. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 21.1 STA: 6.a 6.b 13. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: STA: 5.a 14. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 18.5 STA: 5.a 5.c 15. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 19.4 STA: 5.a 5.b 16. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.5 STA: 4.b 17. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: STA: 6.b 18. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.8 STA: 5.b 19. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.9 STA: 5.a 5.b 20. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 17.1 STA: 8.a 21. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 18.2 STA: 5.a 22. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: STA: 5.a 5.b 23. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 19.6 STA: 5.b 24. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 21.6 STA: 6.c 25. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: STA: 4.b 6.c 26. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 21.4 STA: 6.c 27. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 17.5 STA: 4.b 5.a 28. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 18.8 STA: 5.b 29. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 18.7 STA: 5.f 30. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 21.8 STA: 6.b 31. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 16.4 STA: 5.b 5.d 32. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.1 STA: 5.b 33. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 16.4 STA: 5.a 5.b 5.d 34. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 19.8 STA: 5.a 5.b 35. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 18.1 STA: 5.a 36. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.7 STA: 6.b 37. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 16.2 STA: 5.b 5.d 38. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.3 STA: 5.c 39. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 21.7 STA: 6.b 40. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.6 STA: 6.b 41. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: STA: 4.d 6.c 6.d 42. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.8 STA: 4.b 43. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 16.3 STA: 5.b 5.c 5.d 1

6 ID: A 44. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.2 STA: 5.b 45. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 17.8 STA: 5.c 46. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: STA: 6.d 47. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: STA: 5.a 48. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: STA: 6.c 49. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: 19.5 STA: 5.b 50. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 16.1 STA: 5.b 51. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 18.7 STA: 5.a 2