Applied Technology & Engineering... We know how to make it wow! Maglev Train Project. Name: Date: Grade: Section:

Transcription

1 Applied Technology & Engineering... We know how to make it wow! Maglev Train Project Name: Date: Grade: Section: 1

2 Goal Think like an Engineer: The Universal Systems Model Goal Design and build a magne<cally levitated train that can hold twenty (20) pennies and glide down a track,without geeng stuck. Criteria: Your prototype must have... A chassis with 4 magnets underneath Room for 20 passengers (pennies) in such a way that they can be seen individually or easily removed for coun>ng. They cannot be tossed inside the car A shape that fits on the maglev track Approved Materials Constraints (restric<ons): Maximum length: 20 cm (front to back) Maximum width: 6.5 cm (side to side) Maximum height: No restric>ons Train suspension must be 100% magne>cally levitated. The train must operate without being pushed, touched, or otherwise interfered with once it starts down the track. Input One (1) foam block Four (4) magnets Cardboard Glue Balsa wood The higher the the vehicle levitates off the track, the berer it performs. The load (weight) should be distributed evenly. Process Shape the foam to reduce drag Sand to reduce fric.on and make it aerodynamic Measure to meet criteria Glue magnets under the chassis Build passenger cabin for 20 pennies Feedback Vehicles that ride level do very well. Magnets need to be posi>oned directly over the rails to make the chassis balanced. Output A MagLev (Magne.c Levita.on) vehicle that moves due to magne.sm (Unlike poles (N/S) a?ract like poles (N/N and S/S) repel) and has no contact with the Earth s surface. 2

3 RESEARCH Use the posted web links for this project to find the info for the ques<ons. 1. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... What are aerodynamics? 2. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... How might aerodynamics affect a maglev train? 3. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... What Is drag? 4. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... How can you reduce drag on a maglev train? 5. YOUR OWN WORDS... What is fric<on? 6. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... How can you eliminate or reduce fric<on on a maglev train? 3

4 RESEARCH The diagram below shows a Formula 1 racing car. Many forces act together on the racing car so it can move safely at high speeds on a racetrack. Using the copy of the diagram below, draw arrows to show how the forces of thrust, drag, and gravity act on the racing car as it moves forward on a racetrack. a) Label each arrow as thrust, drag, or gravity. b) Describe how each force that you labeled in part (a) acts on the racing car as it moves on a racetrack. 4

5 LEARNING TARGET: RESEARCH I CAN use the Engineering Design Process to build a magne<cally levitated train that can hold twenty (20) pennies and glide down a track without geeng stuck. Every transporta<on vehicle from a skateboard to the space shu]le needs six systems in order to operate. 1. Propulsion: The propulsion system provides the force that moves the vehicle. Examples: engine, gravity, transmission Iden7fy this system in this project: 2. Structural: Structural systems provide a place for the vehicle s cargo or people. Examples: chassis, trunk, seat Iden7fy this system in this project: 3. Suspension: The suspension system supports the weight of a vehicle. Examples: shock absorbers, 7res, wheels, wings Iden7fy this system in this project: 4. Control: Control systems control the speed and mo>on of a vehicle. Examples: brakes, gas pedal, gears, steering wheel Iden7fy this system in this project: 5. Guidance: Guidance systems help the vehicle get to its des>na>on. Examples: GPS, radar, signs Iden7fy this system in this project: 6. Support: Support systems are used to maintain and protect vehicles. Examples: garage, gas sta7on, car wash Iden7fy this system in this project: 5

6 LEARNING TARGET: CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION I CAN use the Engineering Design Process to build a magne<cally levitated train that can hold twenty (20) pennies and glide down a track without geeng stuck. Skydiving without a second parachute is NOT a good idea (even if you want to be the first one on the ground). Seriously though, think of what would happen if the first chute failed and there was no back- up chute. PreRy ugly. Engineering is similar. Building a prototype without a back- up version is a bad idea. What if the first one doesn t work? Or the second? Or third? Now what? In the spaces below, draw DIFFERENT versions of possible prototypes that could hit the target and meet this project s criteria (follow the two examples). List the advantages and disadvantages of each one to help you decide which one to build first. EXAMPLE #1 EXAMPLE #2!!! -It looks really cool and futuris>c - Easy to get the pennies in and out without a roof - The middle sec>on between the two passenger cabins is narrow and might break Prototype #1! -It s very compact and aerodynamic - The roof sec>ons will keep the pennies in the vehicle -ARaching the roof sec>ons will be tricky - This will need a lot of sanding; it might take too long to build Prototype #2 6

7 Prototype #3 Prototype #4 Prototype #5 Prototype #6 CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION Aber analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of possible solu>ons, I have chosen Prototype # as the best possible solu>on for the following reasons:

8 CHOOS THE BEST SOLUTION >>These drawings CANNOT BE CHANGED once construc<on has begun! FRONT VIEW BACK VIEW LEFT SIDE VIEW RIGHT SIDE VIEW TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW 8

9 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Properties of Materials Every material has a specific property that makes it a good choice for some tasks and a not- so- good choice for other tasks. Absorbency: soaks up water or liquids Ex. sponges, cloth, wood Elas<city:returns to it original shape when it s stretched Ex. rubber Conduc<vity: allows electricity or heat to flow through it Ex. aluminum, brass, copper, steel, silver, gold, iron, concrete Flexibility: bends without breaking. Ex. rubber, cloth, plas7c, clay, certain metals Magne<c: arracted to certain metals Ex. iron, nickel, steel Strength: can be squeezed or twisted without breaking Ex. iron, steel, wood Hardness: resists scratching and breaking Ex. iron, steel, wood, concrete Transparency:something you can see through Ex. glass, plas7c WOULD YOU MAKE NO! What PROPERTY is needed? What s a good MATERIAL to use? 1. A METAL window? transparency glass 2. A STRING chair? 3. A PLASTIC skateboard? 4. A PAPER bucket? 5. A MAGNETIC t- shirt? 6. A GLASS house? 9

10 BUILD A PROTOTYPE All materials have proper>es that make them appropriate for certain jobs. Follow the example and check off the proper>es that make each item useful and effec>ve. absorbent electrical conductor magne<c transparent elas<c flexible hard strong 1. rubber glove 2. broom 3. flip- flops 4. skateboard 5. towel 6. toothbrush 7. dog collar 8. doorbell 10

11 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Tools are handheld devices that help accomplish a task like cugng or shaping something. Complete the chart below by checking off the hand tools that would be most useful in each numbered situa>on. hammer screwdriver coping saw pliers hack saw wood saw drill tape measure 1. build a bookshelf 2. fix a toaster 3. install a door knob 4. hang a picture 5. put up a tent 6. install a ceiling fan 7. make a birdhouse 8. fix a bike chain 11

12 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Keep track of your progress by comple>ng an Engineering Log aber every building class. Follow the example below as you go from raw materials to finished prototype. Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #1 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip>on is neatly wriren and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 12

13 Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #2 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip>on is neatly wriren and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #3 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip>on is neatly wriren and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 13

14 Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #4 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip>on is neatly wriren and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #5 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip>on is neatly wriren and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 14

15 TEST THE PROTOTYPE Maglev Distance/Time Trials Trial 1 Distance (m) Time (sec.) # of Pennies Moved forward and straight w/o rubbing side rails Moved forward & rubbed side rails Got stuck on track Avg. 15

16 MAKE A DECISION Based on the data I collected, my prototype s performance was: (Check one) Excep<onal: it worked every >me it was tested and needed no repairs Some reasons for this are: Very good: it worked most of the >me it was tested and didn t need any (or many) repairs Some reasons for this are: Good: it worked some of the >me it was tested and needed repairs Some reasons for this are: Not good: it didn t really work Some reasons for this are: Things I d do differently next <me What these things might improve

17 ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS STEP 8: Redesign STEP 1: Iden<fy the Need STEP 7: Communicate the Solu<on STEP 2: Research STEP 6: Test and Evaluate the Prototype STEP 3: Develop Possible Solu<ons STEP 5: Build a Prototype STEP 4: Select the Best Possible Solu<on 17

18 PROJECT SCORING SHEET LOOK- FORS To show that I can follow the Engineering Design Process and hit the target... I will conduct research and use it to help me plan and build my prototype. (Pg.3) I will complete an open response ques>on about technology & engineering. (Pg.4) I will identify the six systems that operate my prototype. (Pg.5) I will draw isometric drawings that show different ways to solve a design problem. (Pg.6-7) I will make orthographic drawings of the prototype I m building from different views with labels and measurements that anyone could understand and follow. (Pg.8) I will iden>fy materials and tools needed for specific tasks when building prototypes. (Pg. 9-11) I will record my progress and describe how I used specific tools and materials to build my prototype. >>Engineering Log #1 (Pg.12) >>Engineering Log #2 (Pg.13) >>Engineering Log #3 (Pg.13) >>Engineering Log #4 (Pg.14) >>Engineering Log #5 (Pg.14) I will collect and display data about my prototype and use it to evaluate how well it worked. (Pg.15-16) I will record what I did during each step of the Engineering Design Process. (Pg.17) I will build a prototype that MATCHES MY ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS, meets the criteria, looks like a finished product without any loose parts, damaged or rough surfaces and globs of glue, and holds together without needing repairs between multiple uses Things done well to GLOW- on... Things to do next to GROW- on... 18