ACTIVITY. Take A Side: Chapter Would you rather. Name: Per. Directions: Choose the statement that best describes you.

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1 Take A Side: Chapter 16.1 A Directions: Choose the statement that best describes you. Would you rather B have less educated people wk f you; you pay them less & make me money (profit) have less people living in your community/state have excellent military leaders & a strong fighting spirit pay minimum wage to qualified wkers, make less money (profit) have me people living in your community/state fight f the beliefs of the community, without a lot of fight/power fight a war on your own lands travel to fight a war on other people s lands fight to establish yourself as an independent nation have suppt from Britain and France fight just to tire out the other side, so that they would give up/defensive war have states decide what s best f each state; states rights not take over land, but instead hold out long enough to convince the other side war was not wth its cost fight to reste the Union (country as a whole) be pressured by Britain and France to end the war fight to take over others land/offensive war have the federal government decide what s best f the country plan a blockade to block goods/supplies from reaching your enemy be known as a Rebel be known as a Yankee be one of 900,000 soldiers fighting in the war be one of 2.1 million soldiers fighting in the war be involved in a side where 1 of every 8 soldiers ran away because of fear, hunger, sickness TOTAL OF As If you have mostly As, then.. be involved in a side where 1 of every 11 soldiers ran away because of fear, hunger, sickness If you have mostly Bs, then.. TOTAL OF Bs 36 P age

2 RESPONSE 1 pt per blank + / Civil War Timeline Use the timeline from Era 5 on pages of your Atlas. Fill in the flow chart below. Notice how one event seems to lead to another. The slavery issue divides the country founded to oppose slavery divides into antislavery and proslavery factions Republican candidate elected President Civil War pits the against the.and triggers the Civil War founded with Jefferson Davis as President secedes from the Union, first of 11 states to do so The Confederacy loses ground declares freedom f slaves in Confederacy. is a maj turning point of the war. of the confederacy Reconstruction fails to rebuild the nation of the last Confederate states restes Confederate states to regain control of the South. to the Union. the Union. 37 Page Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

3 SHORT ANSWER: If secession is to a country like divce is to a couple, how might a terrible breakup followed by four years of battles and death and loss affect the possibility of reconciliation (TO MAKE PEACE, TO RECONCILE & BECOME FRIENDS AGAIN) and reunification (TO GET TOGETHER AGAIN, REUNITE)? Please suppt your answer with examples, etc. (4-6 sentences) 38 P age

4 RESPONSE THE CIVIL WAR (pg. 1) PERSONS, BATTLES, EVENTS, RESULTS PRESIDENT (pp / ) ADVANTAGES DURING WAR (p. 476) NORTH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (UNION) ( ABRAHAM JEFFERSON ) LINCOLN LARGER ( AREA POPULATION ) BETTER ( TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES ) (CAPITAL, RR, MANUFACTURED GOODS) SOUTH THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (CONFEDERACY) JEFFERSON ( THOMAS DAVIS ) EXCELLENT MILITARY ( LEADERS FORTS ) STRONG FIGHTING SPIRIT FIGHTING ON OWN ( LAND COMPANIES ) AIMS OF WAR (p. 476) STRATEGIES OF WAR (pp ) RESTORE THE UNION (FORCE THE BREAKAWAY STATES TO ( GIVE UP FIGHT FOR )THEIR SOVEREIGNTY) 1. ( SET UP BLOCKADE )OR CLOSE SOUTHERN PORTS 2. GAIN CONTROL OF ENTIRE ( MISSISSIPPI OHIO )RIVER (THE ( COBRA ANACONDA )PLAN) 3. CAPTURE ( BOSTON RICHMOND ),VIRGINIA (Confed. capital) WILLING TO ( ATTACK DEFEND )IT ESTABLISH ITSELF AS AN ( COOPERATIVE INDEPENDENT ) NATION (FIGHT HARD ENOUGH TO CONVINCE THE ( NORTH REST OF SOUTH ) IT WAS NOT WORTH THE COST TO FIGHT BACK) 1. CONDUCT A ( OFFENSIVE DEFENSIVE )WAR (HOLD AS MUCH TERRITORY AS POSSIBLE) 2. ATTACK ( BOSTON WASHINGTON ), D.C. (THEY EXPECTED SUPPORT FROM BRITAIN & FRANCE -- & COUNTING ON THEIR PRESSURING THE NORTH TO STOP FIGHTING) 39 P age Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

5 VENN DIAGRAM OF UNION (NORTH) AND CONFEDERATE (SOUTH) WAR STRATEGIES DIRECTIONS: Read Chapter 16.1 (pp ) to compare the aims/goals and strategies of both the Nth and the South as the war began. UNION AIM OR GOAL: RESTORE THE : INVADE THE AND FORCE BREAKAWAY STATES TO GIVE UP QUEST FOR SOVEREIGNTY TO WIN WOULD HAVE TO THE COMPLETELY STRATEGY #1: THE UNION SHOULD OR CLOSE SOUTHERN Outcome: IT WOULD PREVENT FROM REACHING THE ; IT WOULD ALSO KEEP THE SOUTH FROM EXPORTING ITS OR SELLING IT TO OTHER COUNTRIES STRATEGY #2: THE NORTH INTENDED TO GAIN CONTROL OF THE ENTIRE Outcome: SPLIT THE CONFEDERACY IN AND CUT SOUTHERN LINES (Anaconda Plan) STRATEGY #3: THE NORTH PLANNED TO CAPTURE, VIRGINIA Outcome: CLAIM THE OF THE CONFEDERACY AND BRING DOWN ITS *SHARED THE SAME PAST *MILITARY LEADERS TRAINED IN THE SAME ACADEMIES *BOTH HAD BEEN BROUGHT UP UNDER THE SAME AND THE SAME FLAG AIM OR GOAL: ESTABLISH ITSELF AS AN NATION TO WIN WOULD HAVE TO FIGHT ENOUGH AND LONG ENOUGH TO CONVINCE THE THAT THE WAR WAS NOT WORTH ITS EXPECTED SUPPORT FROM: & FRANCE, who needed their ; these nations might PRESSURE THE NORTH TO THE WAR BASIC STRATEGY: CONDUCT A WAR; HOLD ON TO AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE Outcome: NORTHERNERS WOULD OF THE WAR SECONDARY STRATEGY: ATTACK Outcome: WEAKEN ITS CONFEDERATE 40 P age

6 RESPONSE THE CIVIL WAR (pg. 2) PERSONS, BATTLES, EVENTS, RESULTS WHO WERE THE SOLDIERS? (pp ) 1st BATTLE OF BULL RUN (VA) JULY 21, 1861 (p ) WAR OF THE IRONCLADS (pp. 482) ANTIETAM (MD) (pp. 486) NORTH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (UNION) (BILLY) YANKS MOST CAME FROM FARMS BUT THEY WERE FROM ALL WALKS OF LIFE & EVERY REGION OF NORTH UNDER AGE EVENTUALLY PERMITTED AFRICAN AM. TROOPS TO ENLIST ( ) MILLION BY END OF WAR GENERAL: IRVIN MCDOWELL Results: UNION S EARLY VICTORY TURNED INTO A ( STAMPEDE PARTY )IN RETREAT. NEW GENERAL APPOINTED; REALIZED WAR WOULD BE ( SHORT LONG )& HARD LINCOLN CALLED FOR( 1 MILLION NO MORE )SOLDIERS NAME OF SHIP: MONITOR Results: INDECISIVE BUT ( HARD HISTORIC ) BECAUSE IT WAS THE FIRST BATTLE BETWEEN ( IRON WOOD )-COVERED SHIPS GENERAL: GEO. B. MCCLELLAN Results: STRATEGIC VICTORY FOR UNION AFTER FINDING LEE S ( WILL BATTLE PLAN ). THE BLOODIEST (_WEEK-LONG ONE- DAY_) BATTLE IN THE WAR & IN AM. HISTORY SOUTH THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (CONFEDERACY) (JOHNNY) REBS MOST CAME FROM FARMS, BUT THEY WERE FROM ALL WALKS OF LIFE & EVERY REGION OF SOUTH UNDER AGE ( 900, MILLION )MEN IN CONFEDERATE ARMY BY END OF WAR GENERAL: P.T. BEAUREGARD & GENERAL STONEWALL ( LEE JACKSON ) Results: UNLEASHED A SAVAGE ( COUNTERATTACK OFFENSIVE ) AND TOTALLY DEFEATED THE NORTH NAME OF SHIP: VIRGINIA (MERRIMACK) Results: INDECISIVE BUT HISTORIC; COULD NOT ( SINK FIGHT )THE OTHER GENERAL: ( STONEWALL JACKSON ROBERT E. LEE ) Results: LEE S ARMY TURNED BACK IN HIS 1 ST INVASION OF THE NORTH (MD). GREAT LOSS OF LIFE. 41 P age Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

7 THE BATTLE OF BULL RUN/MANASSAS STATE Fill in the blanks on the Battle of Bull Run/Manassas (pp ) Date: Location: Imptant generals: SUMMARIZE Summarize the outcome of the first Battle of Bull Run/Manassas. You may include its social, political, and economic impact. PREDICT After the battle, what were the thoughts, feelings, and reactions of officers and soldiers? MAJOR EVENTS List at least three key events of the battle: # # # # # Now number them in chronological der. 42 P age

8 RESPONSE THE CIVIL WAR (pg. 3) PERSONS, BATTLES, EVENTS, RESULTS THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION. (pp ) NORTH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (UNION) THE GOV T DECLARED THAT SLAVERY WAS ( RIGHT WRONG ) & IF UNION WON, SLAVERY WOULD BE ( BANNED ALLOWED )FOREVER. AFRICAN AMERICAN MILITARY UNITS FORMED SOUTH THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (CONFEDERACY) LINCOLN HAD NO POWER TO ( GIVE ENFORCE )THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION IN SOUTH THE SOUTH LOST THE ( POWER SUPPORT ) IT RECEIVED FROM ENGLAND & FRANCE LINCOLN DECLARED THAT ALL ENSLAVED PEOPLE IN REBEL TERRITORY WERE FREE ON JAN. 1ST, 1863 WOMEN IN THE WAR (pp ) PRISONER OF WAR CAMPS (p. 493) POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES (p ) WOMEN KEPT FARMS AND FACTORIES GOING S SERVED AS NURSES DURING WAR. SOME SERVED AS SPIES. SOME BECAME SOLDIERS! ELMIRA, NEW YORK FEW ( PROVISIONS SOLDIERS ). FOOD SHORTAGES. NO WARM CLOTHES. A ( POND HOLE ) IN COMPOUND WAS TOILET. NEARLY ¼ DIED. HABEAS CORPUS SUSPENDED: 1,000 S JAILED WITHOUT ( CAUSE TRIALS ) BECAUSE OF LINCOLN S ACTION TO CONTROL WAR OPPONENTS. (PERMITTED IN CONSTITUTION DURING REBELLION OR INVASION) NORTHERN INDUSTRY & FARMERS PROFITED FROM THE WAR. PRICES ROSE FASTER THAN WAGES (p. 497) WOMEN KEPT FARMS AND FACTORIES GOING. SERVED AS NURSES ON THE BATTLEFIELD. SOME SERVED AS SPIES OR EVEN SOLDIERS. ANDERSONVILLE, GEORGIA BUILT FOR 10,000 BUT HAD ( 20,000 33,000 ). SLEPT IN HOLES IN GROUND. FOOD SHORTAGES. 13,000 UNION SOLDIERS ( DIED FOUGHT_) THERE. BREAD RIOTS: MANY SOUTHERNERS HAD ( SUPPORTED OPPOSED )THE WAR AS FOOD SHORTAGES INCREASED, ( RIOTS PARADES )BROKE OUT THROUGH THE STREETS IN MANY CITIES AS MOTHERS & ( SOLDIERS CHILDREN ) TRIED TO FIND FOOD. (p ) INFLATION MUCH WORSE IN SOUTH. 43 P age Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

9 THE CIVIL WAR (pg. 4) PERSONS, BATTLES, EVENTS, RESULTS AFRICAN AMERICAN SOLDIERS (p. 501) BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG (PA) JULY 1-3, 1863 (p ) LINCOLN S GETTYSBURG ADDRESS NOVEMBER 19, 1863 (p. 505) UNION STRATEGY The Confederate coastline blocked; Union fces controlled the Mississippi R., cutting off the Western states from the rest of the Confederacy. Now, it was TOTAL WAR. (pp ) NORTH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (UNION) BY 1862, SERVED IN ALL-AFRICAN AMERICAN ( REGIMENTS POLITICAL PARTIES ). MADE UP ( 20% 10% ) OF THE UNION ARMY. THE ( ARMY 54 TH ) REGIMENT BECAME THE MOST FAMOUS BECAUSE OF ITS COURAGE & SACRIFICE. GENERAL: GEORGE ( WASHINGTON MEADE ) Results: MOST DECISIVE BATTLE OF THE WAR WITH A ( UNION CONFEDERATE ) VICTORY. LASTED 3 DAYS: 23,000 CASUALTIES. SOLDIERS NAT L CEMETERY DEDICATED. LINCOLN SPOKE FOR TWO ( MINUTES HOURS ) AND HONORED THE SOLDIERS WHO HAD FOUGHT AND DIED AND GAVE HIS OWN ( SPEECH VISION ) FOR THE COUNTRY ( Government ( OF BY ) the people, ( BY FOR ) the people, and ( OF FOR ) the people. ) GENERAL U.S. GRANT: BRILLIANT SOLDIER. PLAN: DELIVER ( KILLING GENTLE ) BLOWS MOVE ON ( WASHINGTON, DC RICHMOND ), THE CONFEDERATE CAPITAL PUT PETERSBURG UNDER SIEGE. GENERAL W. T. SHERMAN S MARCH TO THE SEA AND TOTAL WAR: CIRCLED ATLANTA AND LAID SIEGE TO IT AND THEN ( TRAMPLED BURNED ) IT TO THE GROUND. MOVED TO THE COAST AND TOOK FOOD, TORE UP ( RAILROAD ELECTRICAL ) LINES, AND KILLED LIVESTOCK EVERY STEP OF THE WAY ( ) NOVEMBER 1864: LINCOLN REELECTED SOUTH THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (CONFEDERACY) NEVER PERMITTED TO SERVE BECAUSE IT WAS FEARED THAT IF ARMED, THEY WOULD ( REVOLT KILL THEMSELVES ). GENERAL: ( ULYSSES S. GRANT ROBERT E. LEE ) Results: PICKETT S CHARGE: FAILED AND LEFT ( 25, , 000 ) CASUALTIES. THE SOUTH DEFEATED AND NOW LOST THE SUPPORT OF BOTH ( SPAIN BRITAIN ) AND FRANCE. AFTER GETTYSURG, GENERAL LEE ALWAYS ON DEFENSIVE AND ALWAYS RETREATING FARTHER SOUTH. EFFECTS OF TOTAL WAR ON SOUTH: HUGE # OF CASUALTIES. CONFEDERATES HUNG ON FOR 9 MONTHS DURING ( BATTLE SIEGE ) OF PETERSBURG. CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS ABANDONED THE CITY. ( 1000S MILLIONS ) OF AFRICAN AMERICANS FOLLOWED GRANT AND SHERMAN ON THEIR MARCH OF FREEDOM. THE SOUTH WAS DESTROYED. 44 P age

10 RESPONSE THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG STATE Fill in the blanks on the Battle of Gettysburg (pp ) Date: Location: Imptant generals: SUMMARIZE Summarize the outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg. Include its social, political, and economic impact. PREDICT How will the events at Gettysburg change the course of the war? MAJOR EVENTS List at least three key events of the battle: # # # # # Now number them in chronological der. Sht Answer: Explain Lincoln s political reasons f issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. 45 P age Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

11 Directions: Listen to/read along with the Gettysburg Address, a speech given by Abraham Lincoln to commemate those who had died in the Battle of Gettysburg. In the boxes on the next page, either draw a picture of what the paragraph describes, write me wds (nouns, adjectives, etc.) that you associate with that paragraph, write a few sentences summarizing responding to that paragraph. The Gettysburg Address Paragraph #1 Paragraph #2 Paragraph #3 Four sce and seven years ago our fathers brought fth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged The in Gettysburg a great civil Address war, testing whether that nation, any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a ption of that field, as a final resting place f those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate we cannot consecrate we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our po power to add detract. The wld will little note, n long remember what we say here, but it can never fget what they did here. It is f us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished wk, which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather f us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining befe us that from these honed dead we take increased devotion to that cause f which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, f the people, shall not perish from the earth. --Abraham Lincoln Gettysburg, Pennsylvania November 19, P age

12 RESPONSE As you listen to the reading of the Gettysburg Address, please draw and/ list nouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs that come to mind that will help you reflect on this turning point battle of the Civil War and remember the cost of liberty. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 47 P age Completed: _YES _NO Stellar Example: _YES _NO

13 THE CIVIL WAR (pg. 5) PERSONS, BATTLES, EVENTS, RESULTS THE FALL OF RICHMOND & SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX (pp ) THE COST OF WAR (p. 512) NORTH THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (UNION) ( 13 TH 14 TH ) AMENDMENT PASSED IN JAN. 1865: SLAVERY BANNED IN U.S.A. (p. 509) GENERAL: U. S. GRANT LINCOLN TOURED THE FALLEN CAPITAL. GENERAL LEE MEETS GENERAL GRANT AND SURRENDERS IN ( CAPTIAL APPOMATTOX ) COURTHOUSE ON APRIL 9, TERMS: *LEE S SOLDIERS COULD KEEP SMALL ( FIREARMS CAMPS ) *OFFICERS COULD KEEP ( SOLDIERS HORSES ) *NO ONE WOULD DISTURB THEM AS THEY RETURNED HOME. ( 10, ,000 ) RATIONS OF FOOD GIVEN TO LEE S MEN. MORE THAN ( 600, MILLION ) SOLDIERS DEAD ( MILLIONS BILLIONS ) OF DOLLARS SPENT NORTH S VICTORY SAVED THE UNION FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ( STRENGTHENED WEAKENED ): NOW CLEARLY MORE (_POWERFUL WEAK ) THAN THE (_WORLD STATES ) APRIL 14, 1865 PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN ASSASSINATED SOUTH THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (CONFEDERACY) GENERAL: ROBERT E. LEE AND HIS FORCES PULLED OUT FROM RICHMOND Results: FIRE RAGED OUT OF CONTROL IN RICHMOND, VA JEFFERSON DAVIS & HIS ( ARMY CABINET ) MEMBERS FLED WITH DOCUMENTS; BURNED BRIDGES ASTHEY WENT. SOUTHERN CITIES AND (FARMLANDS PORTS) DESTROYED IT WOULD TAKE ( MONTHS YEARS ) AND A MASSIVE ( NATIONAL WORLD ) EFFORT TO REBUILD THE SOUTH FREED ( MILLIONS THOUSANDS )OF AFRICAN AMERICANS 48 P age