Satellite spectral, climatic and biophysical data for warning purposes for European agriculture
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1 Satellite spectral, climatic and biophysical data for warning purposes for European agriculture L. Toulios1, F. M. Danson2,, Z. Dunkel3, J. Mika3, G. Stancalie4 4 and P. Struzik5 (1) National Agricultural Research Foundation, Greece (2)) University of Salford,, UK (3)) Hungarian Meteorological Service,, Hungary (4)) National Meteorological Administration, Romania (5)) Inst. of Meteorology and Water Management, Poland
2 CONTRIBUTION OF EARTH OBSERVATION DATA In order to describe the status of satellite climatic and biophysical data that are used for warning purposes for agriculture, in Europe, an inventory was created through a questionnaire disseminated to the national delegates of COST 734 member countries.
3 SATELLITE-DERIVED VARIABLES IN MONITORING OF CROP PRODUCTION The most relevant variables measured over land are: solar radiation, daily global albedo,, vegetation indices, LAI, land surface temperature, rainfall, cloud cover, fires and burnt areas, snow cover, digital elevation maps of the ice sheet surfaces, glaciers evolution and land cover. Some of these variables are required as inputs to give an immediate view of climate change impact for example Vegetation Indices (VI) Maximum greenness during the growing season Total greenness during the growing season Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (APAR) Leaf area index (LAI)
4 INITIAL RESULTS Among European countries there is a great heterogeneity concerning climatic and biophysical data received from satellite sensors or collected as satellite-derived ready products. Some of them have been collecting satellite data systematically for several years and these data records could be useful for models for climate change impact studies.
5 INITIAL RESULTS From the responses returned it was clear that the main variables of interest were the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI 12 countries) and land surface temperature (11 countries). Snow cover (5), radiation (5), variation in land cover change (4) and precipitation estimation (4) were also important in a number of countries. Further 12 different parameters are derived in 1-2 European countries.
6 Type of variable / number of countries surveyed
7 Type of instrument per product Climate and biophysical product NDVI Surface temperature LAI MSAVI Cloud products Snow cover Radiation Vegetation / land cover Precipitation SAF products Air-stability Storm detection Ozone Evapotranspiration Soil moisture VCI, TCI Degree days Albedo Sea ice Sea wind Type of satellite / instrument MODIS/TERRA-AQUA, AQUA, AVHRR/NOAA, VEGETATION/SPOT, TM/LANDSAT, SEVIRI/METEOSAT AVHRR /NOAA, TM/LANDSAT, ASTER/TERRA, MODIS / TERRA-AQUA, AQUA, SEVIRI / METEOSAT MODIS / TERRA VEGETATION / SPOT SEVIRI / METEOSAT, NOAA / AVHRR MODIS / TERRA, SEVIRI / METEOSAT SEVIRI / METEOSAT TM-ETM/LANDSAT, ASTER /TERRA, SEVIRI / METEOSAT SEVIRI / METEOSAT, GEO / LEO satellites, TOVS/NOAA METEOSAT, NOAA, AQUA SEVIRI / METEOSAT SEVIRI / METEOSAT TOVS / NOAA TM/LANDSAT, ASTER/TERRA, AVHRR/NOAA ASCAT / METOP AVHRR / NOAA AVHRR / NOAA SEVIRI / METEOSAT, AVHRR / NOAA AVHRR / NOAA METOP
8 examples Summer droughts of 2003, 2005 and 2006 in France. NDVI deviations (1 August/mean ) based on VEGETATION/SPOT 5 data (by CNES, processed by O. Hagolle).
9 The 2003 Heatwave at the European scale (July 2003/July 2002). Temperature map based on MODIS data (by NASA Εarth Observatory - VISIBLE EARTH).
10 NDVI map of Italy (ΝΟΑΑ( ΝΟΑΑ/AVHRR data).
11 conclusion Initial results of the inventory show an incomplete snapshot of the situation in the different countries across Europe. The gaps show the importance of pan- European collaboration on the collection, archiving and analysis of satellite derived data on variables related to climate change and agriculture.
12 Thank you
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