Arenal Costa Rica N 84.7 W

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1 Arenal Costa Rica N 84.7 W Arenal is the youngest and most active volcano in Costa Rica. The most recent eruption began in 1968 and has continued with slow lava flows from the summit. Aso Kyushu- Japan N E Aso has had more explosive eruptions than any other volcano, although most are small, producing ash and blocks but no lava flows. Augustine Alaska-SW N E Augustine has had several explosive eruptions in historical times, the most recent being in The 1883 eruption created a tsunami that had a height of 30 feet. Bagana Bougainville -SW Pacific 6.14 S E Bagana has erupted 22 times since the first eruption in The largest explosion in 1883 killed several people. Cleveland Aleutian Is N W Colima México N W Erta Ale Ethiopia 13.6 N E Etna & Stromboli Italy N 15 E Mount Cleveland is an almost perfectly symmetrical volcano, 5,675 feet tall and 5 miles wide at its base. It is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian Island chain. Colima is Mexico's most active volcano. The eruption in 1991 sent avalanches of ash and lava flows tumbling down its flank. Erta Ale is in a remote region of Ethiopia and contains an active lava lake in its crater and has been continuously producing lava and steam since Mount Etna is the fabled home of the Cyclops in Greek mythology. It is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in the world. Nearby, Stromboli has also been erupting nearly continuously for up to 5,000 years. Fournaise, Piton de la Indian Ocean S E Piton de la Fournaise has erupted over 153 times since It is part of the island Reunion which is actually made of two volcanoes that have joined.

2 Guagua Pichincha Ecuador 0.17 S 78.6 W Hudson, Cerro Chile 45.9 S W Katla Iceland N W Kilauea Hawaiian Is N W Kliuchevskoi Kamchatka N E Lascar Chile S W Manam New Guinea 4.1 S E Guagua Pichincha lies close to Qunito, the capital of Ecuador. In 1660, nearly a foot of ash and rock covered the city. The last eruption was in Cerro Hudson was not known to be volcanic until 1971 when a violent eruption formed a 800 meter wide crater. Since then, scientists have found evidence of several other violent eruptions throughout the last 10,000 years. Katla is actually a series of large fissures or cracks in the ground that periodically release large quantities of lava. It produced the largest lava eruption in historic time (935 AD), releasing almost 20 cubic kilometers of lava in 3-8 years. Kilauea is one of several volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. It has been continuously erupting since New land is being formed continuously at the southern end of the island. Kliuchevskoi is one of the most active volcanoes in Russia. In 1994, a huge eruption created rivers of lava and a cloud of ash that rose 20 kilometers over the summit. Lascar volcano consists of a chain of 6 craters, of which one of the central craters is still active. In 1993, a giant lava flow poured from the summit and traveled 8.5 kilometers. Manam is a very active volcano that has erupted 23 times in the last century. In 1994, balls of glowing lava were ejected up to a mile above the crater. Mayon Luzon- Philippines N E Mayon is the most active volcano in the Philippines, erupting 47 times since of these eruptions caused fatalities. Merapi Java 7.54 S E Merapi is a highly dangerous volcano, often producing fast

3 moving avalanches of lava, gas, ash and pumice as the crater cone collapses. It's proximity to the city of Yogyakarta (population 500,000) makes it particularly dangerous. Pacaya & Santa Maria Guatemala N 90.6 W Pacaya is a very active volcano that has been erupting continuously since 1965 with hundreds of explosions each day. Nearby, Santa Maria is known for violent eruptions, particularly the 1902 eruption that produced 1.3 cubic miles of debris. Pagan Mariana Is- C Pacific N E Pagan is the largest and one of the most active volcanoes in the Mariana Islands. The largest eruption in 1981 required the evacuation of the island. Pelée W Indies N W Popocatépetl México N W Sabancaya Perú S W Sangay Ecuador 2 S W Sarychev Peak Kuril Is N E Semeru Java 8.11 S E Mount Pelee is known for the 1902 eruption that destroyed the city of St. Pierre, killing 29,000 people. Popocatepetl is one of Mexico's most active volcanoes. Its name means "smoking mountain" in Aztec. Sabancaya was quiet in historical times until Over the next 18 months, a volcanic dome was built in the summit crater. Sangay has erupted continuously since Typically eruptions are like fluid lava fountains from the central crater. In 1976, an expedition was trapped near the summit and 2 explorers died from blocks of laval falling among the group. Sarychev Peak is the most active volcano in its island chain. It has erupted at least 14 times since Semeru has been erupting continuously since 1967 and has killed almost 500 people in avalanches of liquid or near-liquid rocks and hot gases that travel at terrifying speeds.

4 Shishaldin Aleutian Is N W Soufrière, Saint Vincent W Indies 13.3 N 61.2 W Shishaldin is the dominant volcano on Unimak Island. It has had a steam plume rising from its summit nearly continuously since the 1700s. There are two volcanoes, both named Soufriere, on different West Indies islands only 180 miles from one another. The one on the island of Saint Vincent is the most dangerous, killing 1,600 people in St. Helens US- Washington State 46.2 N W Mount St. Helens is best known for its violent eruption in 1980 where the top 1,300 feet of the mountain disappeared in minutes. Debris covered over 150 square miles and thousands of tons of ash were sent into the atmosphere. Suwanosejima Ryukyu Is N E Suwanose-jima is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It has been sending regular fountains of lava from its crater since Tambora Tinakula Lesser Sunda Is 8.25 S 118 E Santa Cruz Is- SW Pacific S E Tambora is best known for the 1815 eruption that is the largest in recorded history. It killed 92,000 people, 10,000 from direct impacts from falling lava, rocks and lava avalanches, and 82,000 from starvation and disease following the eruption. Tinakula has been erupting since Spanish explorers first observed it in In 1840, an eruption produced lava avalanches that covered the whole island, killing all its inhabitants. Vesuvius Italy N E Mount Vesuvius is famous for the eruption in 79 AD that buried the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii. During that eruption it is estimated that 1 cubic mile of ash was produced in less than a day. 75 feet of ash eventually covered Huculaneum. In Pompeii, many people were trapped below the ash and molds of their bodies were eventually uncovered by archeologists.

5 Yasur Vanuatu- SW Pacific S E Yasur has been erupting as long as humans can remember. At times a lava lake filled the central crater. As recently as 2004, there were 500 explosions a day from the summit.