What is plagiarism? (And why you should care!)

Transcription

1 What is plagiarism? (And why you should care!)

2 What Is Plagiarism? Plagiarism Trying to claim credit for something that is not your work. (Walrath)

3 What Is Plagiarism? Synonyms include piracy and theft (Dictionary.com) 3

4 What Is Plagiarism? Applies to: Words Ideas Images Sounds Any form of creative expression 4

5 You Should Know Materials found on the Internet are subject to copyright law Do not use without giving appropriate credit Image from Microsoft Clip Art 5

6 You Should Know (Valenza) 6

7 So, if: You have included the words, music, images, and/or ideas of others in your work that you neglected to cite You have had help you wouldn t want your teacher to know about (Valenza) 7

8 Excuses This assignment was BORING! My teachers expect too much! It s okay if I don t get caught! I ve got to get into??? U.! Everyone does it! I was too busy to write that paper! (Job, big game, too much homework!) My parents expect A s! (Valenza) 8

9 How Serious Is The Problem? Very Serious Study 4,500 students at 25 schools 72% admitted to serious cheating on written assignments Over 50% admitted to plagiarism on written assignments using the Internet Based on the research of Donald L. McCabe, Rutgers University Source: CIA Research. Center for Academic Integrity, Duke University, 2003 < (Valenza) 9

10 It s Illegal Image from communication.utexas.edu 10

11 It s Unethical You are Lying Cheating Stealing Deceiving others (and yourself) 11

12 Catching The Plagiarist The Internet makes plagiarism easier (e.g., access to term paper mills, etc.) But websites have been developed which help teachers analyze papers and develop strategies to prevent plagiarism Some sites are: (Walrath) 12

13 Catching The Plagiarist ("File: Turnitin") 13

14 Real Life Consequences Sound familiar?? Image from Microsoft Clip Art, and video from youtube.com. 14

15 Real Life Consequences Result: Vanilla Ice was sued by David Bowie and Queen, and settled for an undisclosed sum of money Image from Microsoft Clip Art. 15

16 And More Controversial New Jersey valedictorian denied her seat as a Harvard freshman when it was discovered she plagiarized in a local newspaper* 45 UVA students dismissed and 3 graduate degrees revoked in plagiarism probe (CNN Article AP, 26 Nov. 2001; Channel One Article AP, 27 Nov. 2002) Damaged reputation of prominent historian, Doris Kearns Goodwin when she lifted 50 passages for 1987 book The Fitzgeralds and The Kennedys (Lewis) New York Times senior reporter, Jayson Blair, forced to resign after being accused of plagiarism and fraud ( New York Times ) Boston Globe journalist, Mike Barnicle, forced to resign for plagiarism in his columns ( Boston Columnist ) (Valenza) *Harvard article from New York Times July 14,

17 Is This Important? What if they cheated their way through medical school? Image from Microsoft Clip Art. 17

18 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism Use your own words and ideas Give credit for copied, adapted, or paraphrased material Avoid using others' work with minor "cosmetic" changes There are no "freebies" Beware of "common knowledge" (Walrath) 18

19 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism Use your own words and ideas This is a skill that improves with practice It requires an understanding of the topic It requires that you give yourself credit for your own abilities (Walrath) 19

20 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism Give credit for copied, adapted, or paraphrased material If you repeat another's exact words, you MUST use quotation marks and cite the source If paraphrase, you must still cite Paraphrase means that you restate the author's ideas, meaning, and information in your own words WHEN IN DOUBT, CITE (Walrath) 20

21 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism Avoid using others' work with minor "cosmetic" changes. Examples: using "less" for "fewer," reversing the order of a sentence, or altering a spread sheet layout. If the work is essentially the same, give credit. WHEN IN DOUBT, CITE (Walrath) 21

22 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism There are no "freebies" ALWAYS cite words, information, and ideas you use if they are new to you (learned in your research) No matter where you find it even in an encyclopedia or on the Internet you cite it WHEN IN DOUBT, CITE (Walrath) 22

23 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism Beware of "common knowledge" You don't have to cite "common knowledge," BUT the fact must really be commonly known. That George Washington was the first U.S. president is common knowledge That George Washington was an expert dancer is not common knowledge WHEN IN DOUBT, CITE (Walrath) 23

24 Guidelines For Avoiding Plagiarism BOTTOM LINE: WHEN DOING A SCHOOL PROJECT, IT S NOT THAT YOU CANNOT USE SOMEONE ELSE S WORDS OR WORK, IT S JUST THAT YOU HAVE TO GIVE THEM CREDIT IN THE RIGHT WAY 24

25 Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism 25

26 The Right Way To Cite In-text (parenthetical) AND Works Cited at the end Brief information in-text should match full source information in Works Cited MLA (Modern Language Association) format used in Milford 26

27 In-text Citation Parenthetical citations usually placed at end of sentence, before the period Cite author's last name and page number Example: Prior to the beginning of the Civil War, over 90% of the nation s firearms were produced in the North" (DeFord 17). 27

28 In-text Citation If you identify the author/title in the text, just list the page number Example: DeFord noted that, prior to the beginning of the Civil War, over 90% of the nation s firearms were produced in the North" (17). 28

29 In-Text Citation Web Resources When citing a Web source in-text, you are not likely to have page numbers Just include the first part of the entry (Smith) or ( Plagiarism and the Web ) 29

30 Works Cited A listing at the end of your work of all the sources you used in your project Like in-text citations, there is a format to follow Format depends on the type of source you used 30

31 Works Cited Sample for book with one author DeFord, Deborah. The Civil War. Milwaukee, WI: World Almanac Library, Print. Sample for professional website "Crater Lake." National Park Service. National Park Service, 2 Sept Web. 26 Sept < 31

32 Works Cited Let s look at my Works Cited list Would typically be at the very end of the presentation Note: new MLA rules allow omission of URLs in citations 32

33 Works Cited Boston Columnist Resigns Amid New Plagiarism Charges. CNN.com. CNN, 19 Aug Web. 23 Sept Creating Note Cards: What did I find?. Fairfieldschools.org. Fairfield Warde High School, n.d. Web. 6 Oct File: Turnitin sample report.png." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc,. 30 Sept Web. 6 Oct Lewis, Mark. Doris Kearns Goodwin and the Credibility Gap. Forbes.com. Forbes, 2 Feb Web. 22 Sept

34 Works Cited New York Times Exposes Fraud of Own Reporter. ABC News Online. ABC, 12 May Web. 23 Sept Plagiarism. Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 22 Sept Skppy1225. Under Pressure and Ice Ice Baby Similarity. YouTube. YouTube, 27 Apr Web. 22 Sept Valenza, Joyce. What is Plagiarism? (And Why You Should Care!). Web. 22 Sept Walrath, Sheila. Plagiarism Don t Do It!!!. Powerpoint Presentation of the MdN LRTC. Web. 22 Sept

35 Works Cited Help is available: Image from Microsoft Clip Art 35

36 Quick How Tos If you are directly quoting someone, make sure to include quotation marks for the entire quote Make sure you use the exact words Use in-text citation format Include in Works Cited list 36

37 Quick How Tos Example...(in organized sports) children may be subject to intense emotional stress caused by fear and anxiety... concern about physical safety, and doubts about performance and outcome; this anxiety may emerge if children are ignored, chastised, or made to feel that they are no good (Leonard 140). 37

38 Quick How Tos Paraphrasing It s more than just changing a few words Remember: Avoid using others' work with minor "cosmetic" changes Use your voice, not another s 38

39 Quick How Tos Original Text...(in organized sports) children may be subject to intense emotional stress caused by fear and anxiety...concern about physical safety, and doubts about performance and outcome. This anxiety may emerge if children are ignored, chastised, or made to feel that they are no good. Example #1 In organized sports, kids can be stressed out for many reasons. These reasons include fear, physical safety concerns, and anxiety about both how they play and whether they win or lose. If children are not paid attention to, are yelled at, or are made to feel that they are not good enough, stress may develop. ("Creating Note Cards") 39

40 Quick How Tos Original Text...(in organized sports) children may be subject to intense emotional stress caused by fear and anxiety...concern about physical safety, and doubts about performance and outcome. This anxiety may emerge if children are ignored, chastised, or made to feel that they are no good. Example #2 Stress and anxiety on the playing field can result in children backing away from participating in sports because they fear rejection if they perform poorly. This anxiety and stress is a result of the child s fears of being hurt or not being good enough. ("Creating Note Cards") 40

41 Quick How Tos Which Example is better -- #1 or #2? Is this plagiarism? Stress and anxiety on the playing field can result in children backing away from participating in sports because they fear rejection if they perform poorly. 41

42 Quick How Tos What do I need to do to make sure I am not plagiarizing? Example: Stress and anxiety on the playing field can result in children backing away from participating in sports because they fear rejection if they perform poorly (Leonard 140). Also include source in Works Cited 42

43 Where Do I Start? The Media Center website is a great resource ab=0 Image from Microsoft Clip Art 43