TECHNICAL BROCHURE.

Transcription

1 TECHNICAL BROCHURE

2 CONTENTS Exploration 3 Petroleum Engineering 11 Well Engineering 17 Operations 23 Engineering 31

3 I. EXPLORATION

4 The daily work consists of designing seismic programmes, interpreting and integrating seismic and geological data, preparing prospects and well proposals, monitoring the progress of wells each year and evaluating the results. The Evaluation Department strongly depends on services from other departments within the Exploration Unit. GEOLOGICAL SERVICE This team employs geology specialists in Stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Geochemistry. It provides geological services in-house and via contractors to exploration and production teams in PDO and Government Gas; their services includes field studies and excursions. What is Exploration? Exploration is one of PDO s core activities. We help to replace the oil that has been produced from our fields each year by finding new reserves, perhaps by discovering new fields or by getting more information about existing field. The long term future of PDO is in our hands. Our work starts with surveying land to gather the geological and geophysical data, which we analyse to decide where we are going to drill an exploration well, and then evaluate the exploration well data before development is planned. These important tasks are carried out with highly trained professionals who work in various departments. We work with colleagues in the Development and Production Units as well as our contractors in Muscat and the interior. Exploration Function in PDO comprises of three main disciplines; Geology, Geophysics and Geomatics. 1.GEOLOGY EXPLORATION EVALUATION Many geologists, geophysicists and petrophysicists use the latest computer workstations to interpret seismic and geological data to identify drilling targets for both oil and gas exploration. Their job is to evaluate PDO s entire acreage from the remotest areas where high risk wild cat exploration wells are sunk, to mature oil and gas producing fields where an appraisal of earlier discoveries may uncover additional reserves. 4 a. Production Geosciences As a Production Geoscientist you play a key role in developing and producing oil and gas field. You will develop 3D models of the reservoirs, leading to appraisal and development well proposals or Field Development Plans. You will carry out interpretations based on seismic, well and dynamic production data, field and outcrop analogue data and identify data gaps. You will propose appraisal plans to acquire additional data and you will carry out hydrocarbon volumetric calculations and establish which parameters critically control the hydrocarbon volumetric ranges. You will provide a framework from which reliable risk assessment can be made and critical geological and geophysical parameters for successful development can be predicted. In PDO, production geoscientists work in multidisciplinary petroleum engineering teams in the: Study Centre Field Development Plans and Regional Subsurface Studies Asset Well and Reservoir Surveillance Field Development Planning Well Planning and Delivery 5

5 Experienced production geoscientist may develop as technical professionals who may become specialists with in-depth expertise of the subsurface and who may master a broad spectrum of interpretation techniques, whereas others may lead well planning, field development or reservoir study teams. Regardless of the chosen career path, the career of a production geoscientist in PDO is rewarding and never boring because of the variation in geology bringing about a wide range of reservoir challenges. b. Exploration Geosciences As an Exploration Geoscientist you play a key role in exploring and drilling oil and gas wells. You will help to replace the oil that has been produced from our fields by finding new reserves. You will carry out interpretations based on seismic, offset wells and field and outcrop analogue data. You will evaluate prospects and propose Exploration drilling. You will carry out hydrocarbon volumetric calculations and establish which parameters critically control the hydrocarbon volumetric ranges. You will provide a framework from which reliable risk assessment can be made and critical geological and geophysical parameters for successful exploration can be predicted. You may work in: Geophysics Seismic Acquisition Seismic Processing Quantitative Interpretation Geology Oil North/South and Gas Evaluation Teams New Opportunities Team Geological Services (Geochemistry, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy) c. Your Career Development with Exploration Staff Development is a key element for Exploration to meet its business objectives. We are always looking for bright, young Omanis to join us in this demanding and important work. We are also sponsoring our Omani scholars for graduate and post-graduate geosciences courses locally and overseas. When they successfully complete their studies, they start their careers in Exploration (Fig.1) by following some fundamental courses and on the job training and can expect to progress through a succession of jobs within the different Exploration teams. Exploration staff get formal training both in Oman and overseas to further develop their careers. In general all Exploration Geoscientists spend their first 10 years developing as a Geoscience technical professionals within Exploration disciplines. Normally around the mid-management 6 level, there may be a divergence in the development opportunities based on competence, capacity and personal skills of the individual. After 10 to 15 years, most individuals career progression will continue in a technical position in Exploration Geosciences pool. Few technical staff will lean towards becoming Subject Matter Experts (SME) in selected topics. Some staff will move to generalist positions in Exploration management. 2. GEOPHYSICS Acquiring and processing seismic data is the main activity of this department. Seismic surveys are designed, planned and executed here for the Exploration Units as well as the Development and Production Units. Various contractor-operated seismic crews gather data in the harsh desert conditions of the interior in constant touch with the Geophysics team. The Geophysical Department has three sections: Geophysical Operations is responsible for the acquisition of all geophysical data (seismic, VSP, potential (land and airborne), micro-seismic and cross-well data). Geophysical Processing is responsible for the processing of all geophysical data. Reservoir Geophysics is responsible for the Quantitative Interpretation of seismic data and Geophysical Reservoir Surveillance (i.e., using the geophysical data to make detailed models of the reservoir properties, or production results, away from well control). 7

6 3. GEOMATICS The Geomatics department acquires and manages spatial data i.e., map-based data, in GIS systems like ArcMAP across a spectrum of Exploration and Production activities, e.g Well, Pipeline and Production station locations. Geomatics business objectives are delivered by three dedicated teams namely: Survey Operations Support GIS and Mapping Services Remote Sensing Coach Mentor Train Fig. 1 Competence Assessment 8 Note: Graduates who pass assesment and are offered employment with PDO start at job group 7 9

7 II. PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

8 1. PRODUCTION GEOSCIENCES & EXPLORATION GEOSCIENCES (refer to point I. 1. a. & b.) 2. GEOPHYSICS (refer point I. 2.) 3. PETROPHYSICS The role of a petrophysicist is to identify and quantify hydrocarbon resources in the subsurface and to provide an evaluation of the nature of formation fluids and rock properties. This is achieved by application and interpretation of downhole logging measurements of the physical properties of the subsurface, in most cases in combination with measurements on core samples. The principle deliverable is a static and dynamic reservoir description and subsurface fluid distribution at and away from the wellbore. Through active management of data acquisition contractors, the petrophysicist is accountable for the safe, timely and costeffective acquisition and interpretation of the optimum data set which leads to the quantification of the development potential of petroleum resources. The petrophysicist continues to update reservoir characteristics and to identify and monitor changing fluid distributions during the development and exploitation of petroleum resources. In PDO, petrophysicists work in multi-disciplinary petroleum engineering teams with geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers to build the static and dynamic subsurface model. In later stages (development), the petrophysicist works together with reservoir engineers and production engineers to assess/monitor reservoir performance and update the dynamic subsurface model. Experienced Petrophysicists may develop as technical professionals who may become specialists with in-depth petrophysical expertise of the subsurface and who may master a broad spectrum of petrophysical techniques, whereas others may lead well planning, field development or reservoir study teams. Regardless of the chosen career path, the career of a Petrophysicist in PDO is rewarding and never boring because of the variation and the wide range of reservoir challenges. 4. RESERVOIR ENGINEERING As a reservoir engineer, you will work on quantification of hydrocarbon resource volumes and building long term maturation plans based on appropriate recovery mechanisms to maximise the ultimate recovery. You will work on creating and implementing field development plans, including provision of technical and value assurance for projects and New Oil and New Gas delivery. You will 12 be involved in optimising the recovery from implemented projects through well and reservoir management including Well Integrity and Well Abandonment. Specific tasks of a Reservoir Engineer include: Monitoring, designing data collection strategies, interpreting data and running fit-for purpose reservoirs. Evaluate all reservoir data, construct and maintain reservoir simulation models (material balance) as a tool to support FDP, continuous development optimisation and reservoir management. Contributes to assess and document reserves booking proposals including economic evaluations. Well test design & interpretation of well test results in the producing fields. RE input to lifecycle hydrocarbon maturation strategy. Experienced reservoir engineers may develop as technical professionals who may become specialists with in-depth expertise in a number of reservoir engineering areas, whereas others may lead well planning, field development or reservoir study teams. Regardless of the chosen career path, the career of a reservoir engineer in PDO is rewarding because of the wide range of reservoir challenges. 5. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIST As a production technologist, you are primarily responsible for the functional design and technical integrity of Production systems to produce hydrocarbons from the reservoirs and bring them to the surface, then for the expertise required to optimise flow from these systems during the full lifecycle of the asset. Production technologists typically focus on production optimisation on a monthly to yearly time scale. The production technologist is the technical authority for decisions which may affect the well s potential or technical integrity throughout its life. The production technologist will specify the operating envelope for the well. Experienced production technologists may develop as technical professionals who may become specialists with in-depth expertise of production technology, whereas others may lead well planning, field development or well & reservoir management teams. Regardless of the chosen career path, the career of a production technologist in PDO is rewarding and never boring because of the wide range of well and reservoir challenges. 13

9 6. CAREER LADDER- PE Development Staircase Note: Graduates who pass assesment and are offered employment with PDO start at job group

10 III. WELL ENGINEERING

11 Operational Scope We deliver more than 450 new wells and we carry out more than 13,000 well maintenance and reservoir management activities every year. We operate around 40 Rigs, 26 work-over units and 68 Completion and Well Intervention Units. We have a total of around 680 Well Engineering Staff working in our department. We are managing in the order of 15 Drilling and 32 Services Contracts. What is Well Engineering? The Well Engineering Department is one of PDO s core engineering departments, responsible for the management of the well construction and well maintenance process. Well Engineers design wells and provide input into Field Development Plans which also cover the well maintenance philosophy. Being accountable for almost a third of PDO s annual spend, the Well Engineering department is crucial to the success of PDO as a company

12 Your Career Development with Well Engineering After joining PDO s Well Engineering Department you will follow a Hands-On-Training Programme (HOT) where you will develop an understanding of Well Engineering fundamentals and will be exposed to the challenges that Well Engineers face. In parallel to the Hands-On-Training you will study a comprehensive distance learning package and receive intensive coaching in all subjects that a Well Engineer must be conversant with. The first phase of this period concludes with the ROUND I Competency Exam after which you will be entrusted with supervising operations on a hoist or a Completion and Well Intervention unit. Alternatively you may be assisting the drilling supervisor on a rig as Well Site Well Engineer (WSWE) or you may be working as an office-based well engineer. During this period you will continue studying to prepare for the ROUND II Competency Exam. After passing the ROUND II Exam you are considered a fully trained professional Well or Completion and Well Intervention Engineer who can be entrusted with the responsibility of acting as PDO s senior site representative on well construction and well maintenance operations. The ROUND II Competency scheme enjoys industry-wide and academic recognition to the extent that you will be offered the opportunity of acquiring a fully-fledged master s degree in well engineering from Robert Gordon University in Scotland. After the ROUND II exam you can work in operations - field or office based - or you can work in Business Support as Design, Contracts or Business Improvement Engineer. As you gain more experience you will be entrusted with increasing responsibilities and become a senior well engineer (SWE). When working as senior well engineer you will detect your preference for a career as a manager or as a technical expert in a certain subject matter relevant to the well engineering business. PDO will do its best to accommodate your preference and you can grow to seniority on both the managerial and the technical career ladder. If you are an engineering graduate who wants to join our dynamic team of enthusiastic Well Engineers and have a structured development towards becoming a recognised industry professional, then please apply through PDO s website at under the Careers tab. 1-5 Years 5-10 Years Years 15+ Years Well Delivery Manager Team Leader Senior Well Engineer Operation ( SWE), FSI and SWE Support (Contract, Performance, HSE, Training, NT, etc) Field Supervisor (DSV, HSV, CWI, etc) HSV (low risk) WSWE HOT Wells Engineer - ops JG 2/7 Subject Matter Experts Wells Engineer Support JG 3/4 JG 1/2 Wells Manager Subject Matter Expert Develop Core Competencies - Advanced Wells, Project Management and Leadership Develop Core Technical Competencies (R1/ R11/ IWCF and field exposure) Subject Matter Expert in Wells: 1. HPHT Operations SME 2. HPHT Well Design SME 3. Well Control SME 4. Wells Sour Gas SME 5. Well Frac SME 6. Well Testing SME 7. Completion SME 8. Underbalanced Drilling SME 9. Materials SME 10. Well Heads & Trees SME 11. Bore Hole Survey SME 12. Thermal Well Design SME 20 Note: Graduates who pass assesment and are offered employment with PDO start at job group 7 21

13 IV. OPERATIONS

14 1. PRODUCTION ENGINEERING 1. Manage the day to day production operations for all wells and facilities in a safe, reliable and sustainable way 2. Monitor, measure, troubleshoot and optimise day to day & longer term production / injection and facility performance 3. Support design of new operating facilities and ensure readiness of new facilities commissioning and start up, also implementing facility changes and upgrades 4. Preparing, planning and scheduling activities 5. Developing and implementing production operations strategies 2. MAINTENANCE 1. Develop and maintain asset and equipment maintenance strategies and work processes 2. Management of maintenance of rotating equipment and spare parts for all production facilities 3. Manage Asset Integrity and Process Safety Integrity 4. Manage Reliability engineering cross PDO 5. Plan and execute all necessary maintenance and inspection tasks including condition monitoring, function testing, preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance (repairs) as well as new plant design What is Operations Engineering? The Operation Engineering Department is one of PDO s core engineering departments, responsible for the management and maintenance of the wells and facilities. Operations Engineering is made up of two main skill pools; Production Operations and Production Maintenance. Staff are split between the interior for day to day production and maintenance management and the coastal teams providing technical and specialist function support

15 Your Career opportunities with Operations: After joining PDO s Operations Engineering Department, you will join the Engineering Monitored Professional Development Scheme (EMPDS) for 3-4years. This encompasses 2 phases of development and is mandatory for all Operations Graduates. Firstly you will follow a 2 year Hands-On-Training Programme where you will develop an understanding of Production/ Maintenance Engineering fundamentals for your discipline, eg. Production or mechanical / electrical / instrumentation maintenance. Fresh Graduates Entry Phase One (2 years) Field hands-on training In parallel to the Hands-On-Training you will complete a number of projects and competence development targets. For phase 2, this involves short placements in various positions to gain more skills and competence in core activities. At the end of the programme you will be ready to join your established team. The programme is self driven, so you do take the initiative to learn and progress but you will be guided by on the job trainers and mentors. Career growth opportunities are wide and varied with not just different types of role but more than 10 oil & gas clusters to test your skills. PDO will do its best to accommodate your preferences in specialisation and development in production and maintenance. An example, career ladder show opportunities for training and development from a junior level to senior management positions. Intrior-based hand-on training (15on-13off basis) Tasks-based training, formally assessed and verified by On Job Trainers - documented in tasks books Mini-project/assignments Mentored and coached by experienced professionals Panel based progression Phase Two (1 to 2 years) Rotational exposures to specific disciplines in Operations Rotational exposures across all Operations disciplines e.g. Programming, IAP, operations projects, Operations support, Maintenance supervisor, Maintenance Support Mini-projects, learning goals for specific disciplines exposure Mentored and coached by experienced professionals Competence-based progression Established jobs Programmer Maintenance Engineer IAP Planner Production Superviser 26 27

16 Job Group /2 2-1 Career Path Prod. Graduates Activity Planning Field Programmers Prod. Supervisor Operations Projects Field Programmers (3 yrs) Prod. Supervisors (4yrs) Technical Specialist Area Planners Programming Ops.Support OR&A/CSU) Subject Matter Experts Technical Experts Planning Eng Head, Programming Prod. Coordinators Subject Matter Experts Technical Experts Skill Pool Support OR&A/CSU Lead Head. Planning Delivery Team lead Skill Pool Mgr. Corp. Functional Disc. Head Prod. Strategy Lead (Assets) Strategy Planning & Change Mgr. Operations Manager Development Scheme EMPDS (Grads) EMPDS (110%) CBD - Job Competency Profile (JCP) CBD Job Competency Profile (JCP) CBD Job Competency Profile (JCP) CBD Job Competency Profile (JCP) Training Ladder EP00, P180, HSE Mandatory, SAP, Primavera P142, P153, P143, P148, P215, W144, P283, PTW, Auditing, EP-01, EP-02, E02, P310, HSE, Project Mgt Shell TR, EP-03, P282 Shell TR, EP04 Leadership and Behaviours Years Cumulative Yrs. ** HSE Courses *** Behavioural Leadership Programme, Engineering Leaders Development, Expereince Leaders programme, Front-Line Leaders Programme, Mid-Level Leadership Programme, GBLP Assessment Development & Leadership Education Note: Graduates who pass assesment and are offered employment with PDO start at job group 7 Note: Specific Courses (e.g. Maint. Shutdown Planning Workshop, TR, OE, STOP, P284, P286, ISO 14001, Gas&Oli Processing) will be provided against needs basis ** HSE Courses relevant to jobs at all job levels *** Leadership & Behavioural courses pitched at different Job Group Level In Production you can be involved in: 1. Production well & facility operation supervision & management 2. Operations readiness support and commissioning to major projects 3. Integrated activity planning and major shutdown preparation 4. Specialist operations and process engineering support, optimisation, facility upgrades & improvement and strategy development. 5. Production Programming day to day optimisation, monitoring of the fields, artificial lift expertise to sustain & grow production. Interacting with field operations & well reservoir management teams. 6. Hydrocarbon Allocation and forecasting determining each wells production and future production targets for the business. 28 In Maintenance you can be involved in: 1. Maintenance supervision, management and execution 2. Static / rotating / electrical / instrument / pipelines maintenance engineering 3. Specialist maintenance support 4. Asset integrity management 5. Inspection, maintenance strategies, sparing philosophies 6. Reliability engineering, total reliability implementation and root cause investigation & trouble shooting 29

17 V. ENGINEERING

18 The Engineering Department is one of PDO s core departments, responsible for the design, procure and installation of new facilities; to support the asset teams and ensure sustained production of oil and gas in PDO. The Engineering group mainly comprises of skill pool project support, operations support and functional support. Project support teams work with the respective project team throughout the project phase. Operations support teams support the dedicated projects and the functional teams provide technical and specialist function support. After joining PDO s Engineering Department, you will join the Engineering Monitored Professional Development Scheme (EMPDS) for 3-4years. This encompasses 2 phases of development and is mandatory for all Engineering Graduates. Phase 1 emphasises on a 2 year Hands-On-Training programme where you will develop an understanding of Engineering / Maintenance fundamentals of respective disciplines. In parallel to the Hands-On-Training, you will complete a number of projects and competence development targets. Phase 2 involves short placements in various positions to gain more skills and competence in core activities. At the end of the programme, you will be ready to join his/ her established team. The programme is self driven. It is your role to take the initiative to learn and progress, however you will be guided by on the job trainers and mentors. Career growth opportunities are wide and varied with not just different types of roles but more than10 oil & gas clusters available to test your skills. Career Opportunities with Engineering 1. Mechanical Engineer 2. C & A Engineer 3. Electrical Engineer 4. Process engineer 5. Civil Engineer 6. Material, Corrosion, Inspection and QA/QC Engineer 7. Process Control & Optimisation Engineer 8. Production Engineering- (Refer to point IV. 1.) 9. Process Engineering- (Refer to Graduate Brochure article More details on our technical roles ) Note: Graduates who pass Assesment and are offered employment with PDO start at job group 7 32

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