Green design of Maritime and Offshore vessels

Transcription

1 MARITIME Green design of Maritime and Offshore vessels Hybrid design Mr. Geir Dahler, Machinery & Systems, Maritime Advisory - Norway Rev 2 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

2 Hybrid marine power-systems Purpose: Reduced environmental impacts / emissions (NOX, CO 2, methane ) Reduced fuel costs Reduced maintenance costs 2

3 Hybrid marine power-systems Knowledge-based and optimised operations: (Intelligent utilisation of the ship s load-profile) Efficient use of low-load running time Large amount of low-load operation Stand by power (available power / overcapacity for charging etc.) Efficient use of high-load running time High transient-load capacity 3

4 Hybrid power and propulsion system FUEL CELL BATTERY Diesel- & Gas ENGINES gen-sets Switch PROPULSION AUXILIARIES 4

5 Hybrid power and propulsion system Alternatives! E.g. solar power? Power regeneration Shore Power WHR 5

6 Example; PSV Edda Ferd by Østensjø Rederi + Siemens BluedrivePlus C 6

7 Example; Ships for pure battery operation Ampere by Norled Ships with frequent stays in port and relatively low energy needs Ferries, passenger vessels, short sea shipping Available port power and sufficient charging time, 5 to 10 minutes Max 60 minutes crossing and max 20 knots. However we have Re-Volt Savings in fuel costs: 50% to 80% in Norway (crude oil price $ 100) Pay back depending on electricity prices and investments on land 7

8 Maritime battery systems What is happening? Eidesvik: Viking Lady, hybrid supply vessel, retrofit in Norway 2013 Østensjø: Edda Ferd, hybrid supply vessel, construction Astilleros in Spain 2013 Østensjø: large hybrid offshore construction vessel, construction Kleven in Norway 2016 Fafnir Offshore: hybrid supply vessel, construction Havyard Ship Technology's yard in Leirvik, Norway. Selfa Arctic: hybrid fishing boat, construction in Norway 2014 SVITZER: 4 battery hybrid tugboats, construction of ASL Marine in Singapore KOTUG: RT Adriaan, hybrid tugboat in Rotterdam, retrofit 2012 Foss: Carolyn Dorothy hybrid tug of LA, buildings Foss' Rainier Shipyard in USA, 2009 Foss: Campbell Foss hybrid tug of LA, retrofit Foss' Rainier Shipyard in USA, 2012 NORLED: Finnøy, hybrid ferry, retrofit 2013 in Norway NORLED: Folgefonn, hybrid/pure battery ferry 2014 in Norway Fjord1: Fannefjord LNG, hybrid ferry, retrofit Scottish Government: Hybrid ferry in Scotland, construction of Ferguson in Glasgow Scandlines: 4 battery hybrid ferries, retrofit 2013 University of Victoria: Tsekola II, hybrid research vessel, retrofit in Canada NORLED: 100 % battery ferry, new building Fjellstrand in Norway

9 Maritime batteries What is happening? Electrification with Li-ion batteries - a global trend across sectors Hybridization with Li-ion batteries can produce significant reductions in fuel consumption, maintenance and pollution improve ship responsiveness, operational time and safety may be a storage platform for black out power, energy recovery, use of renewable energy enhances LNG based solutions maritime power system providers are positioning themselves Maritime Battery Forum is established Green coastal shipping program is established Will provide a significant market penetration and environmental savings In the future, most ships and vessels will be hybrid or plug-in hybrid 9

10 Ships for battery hybrid operation Ferries Offshore Vessels Tugs Dry cargo with cranes Research ships Wind Vessels Special ships / Ice breakers Passenger ships FPSO Shuttle tankers Passenger Military Auxiliary engines in deep sea shipping Hybridization - ships with low engine utilization in periods, or - ships with large power variations 10

11 Hybrid power and propulsion system FUEL CELL FUEL CELL additional power BATTERY additional BATTERY power (for transients) Diesel- & Gas ENGINE gen-sets main power source Switch ENGINES gen-sets PROPULSION AUXILIARIES 11

12 Fuel consumption vs. diesel-engine load Efficiency

13 Battery hybridization low engine utilization Batteries can reduce fuel consumption, maintenance and emissions Diesel engines run at optimal load, when they first run Optimal Load Factor 100% 50% In port Typical Load Profile Diesel Engine - No battery In port Battery-only mode In waiting situations In environmental sensitive areas In port Optimal Load Factor 100% Time Optimized Load Profile Diesel Engine - Battery Plug-in hybrids can provide further benefits 50% Battery only Battery only Battery only Time 13

14 Battery hybridization black out and boost power Optimal Load Factor 100% Typical Load Profile Diesel Engine - No battery 50% In port In port Time The battery can provide effective and non-expensive black out power reserve boost power Optimal Load Factor 100% 50% Battery only Optimized Load Profile Diesel Engine - Battery Battery only Boost Battery only Time 14

15 Battery: Size, Weight & Performance Load Response Comparable size and weight 15

16 Battery hybridization large power variations PSV PSV (DP-mode) FellowSHIP III Offshore Supply Much time with suboptimal engine load and high fuel consumption Rapid changes in effect burn more fuel is not good for the engine and emissions

17 Battery hybridization large power variations; Let the dieselengines run at steady load, and let the batteries do the transients Battery discharges when power demand is greater than the Diesel engine output: Battery charges when power demand is less than the Diesel engine output: We now have: 1. Optimal load 2. Reduced transients 3. Regenerativ e braking 17

18 The hybrid system uses less fuel and requires less maintenance and has annual savings of 110,000 $ 313 tons used 217 tons used 18

19 Economy for hybrid ships - general examples (crude oil price $100) Hybrid system cost $2,000,000 Annual fuel costs $2,500,000 Savings potential 15% Annual savings $375,000 Pay back < 5 years Hybrid system cost $1,000,000 Annual fuel costs $800,000 Savings potential 30% Annual savings $240,000 Pay back < 4 years Hybrid system cost $300,000 Annual fuel costs $250,000 Savings potential 30% Annual savings $75,000 Pay back < 4 years

20 Reduce local emissions Batteries can eliminate or significantly reduce emissions in emission sensitive areas

21 Reduce noise and vibrations

22 The DNV GL approach Available decision support tools Training Introduction to Maritime Battery Systems Tentative DNV Rules for Battery Power DNV GL Guideline for Large Maritime Battery Systems Feasibility Studies Outline Specification Design and Procurement Fabrication Testing Installation and Commissioning Operation and Maintenance Platform for qualification of battery related systems Battery Ready - Technical, economic and environmental performance analyses Battery sizing and optimization analyses Why independent assessments at an early stage? A second pair of eyes to spot errors/weaknesses early, and save costs Enlarged negotiation power towards battery vendors Increased confidence for owner, charterer, investor and other stake holders 22

23 DNV GL Rules for Classification of Ships 23

24 DNV GL Battery Course Why battery systems in the maritime sector? Battery basics with focus on Li-ion technology Main factors for a safe and cost effective battery system Class requirements for battery systems as a part of propulsion Risk analyses Technical, economic and environmental related analyses Incentives and financial support in Norway 24 DNV GL

25 Strategy for improved ship safety, regularity and economy Battery Ready CHALLENGE Tougher competition and environmental regulations Lower demand and rates High and fluctuating fuel costs Risks related to future regulations? Attractiveness of old technology? DNV SOLUTION New building or retrofit High level technical feasibility study based on the vessel s operational profile High-level financial analysis including both investment and operational costs Outline the necessary requirements for a Battery Ready design Concept design review / HAZID Approval in Principle VALUE DELIVERED Cost-benefit assessment illustrates the vessel s performance to ship owner and charterers Cost-benefit assessment pinpoints when a full implementation is attractive Cost reductions from optimization of engine/motor size vs. battery size Independent and credible battery sizing & optimization Enlarged negotiation power towards battery vendors A second pair of eyes to spot errors/weaknesses early, and thereby save costs Increased confidence for owner, charterer, investor and other stake holders 25

26 Example; Duration (life) and safety for Li-ion batteries in marine conditions Size Life Safety 26

27 Example; System simulation; Techno-Economic design & Operation optimisation Time at sea 27

28 Maritime Battery Forum Ensure that Norway is a world leader within battery based value adding Act as a driver in the development of future industry policy, and improve frameworks and incentives Influence business and the public sector as a buyer and initiate pilot projects Establish a world class competence centre and corresponding information platform for maritime battery based enterprises (within markets, innovation, events, research, finance, regulations, and initiatives) Act as a point of contact between relevant international organizations (IMO, IMarEST, NAATBat, etc.) and cooperate with relevant national organizations (MCTW, NFB, etc.) Discussion forum with member meetings twice per year. A meeting place where government representatives, members, and other invited parties can present and discuss key issues Organize a yearly seminar and workshops according to needs Establish action plans which support the Norwegian government s goals for environmentally friendly shipping Establish and facilitate working groups with specific mandates 28

29 Hybrid power systems In a nut shell Good investment Improved ship responsiveness, regularity and safety Increased robustness Increases in fuel prices Changes to stricter environmental regulations Improved environmental profile and reputation Acquired competence in a future oriented technology Decision support tools are available 29

30 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER 30