IRRI s Research Agenda & Collaborative Research Agenda Relevant to Indonesia

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1 IRRI s Research Agenda & Collaborative Research Agenda Relevant to Indonesia Matthew Morell Deputy Director General (Research)

2 The International Rice Research Institute Head Quarters at Los Banos, Philippines established in 1960 (Ford and Rockefeller Foundations) >1300 Staff >600 R&D partners

3 Mission Assure global rice supplies Reduce poverty and hunger Improve the health of rice farmers and consumers Ensure environmental sustainability

4 Global Rice Production West-Central Asia (1%) Central & South America (2%) Africa (2%) Asia (89%) Global Production of Paddy Rice ~ 640 MMT annually

5 IRRI s Global Presence China Iran Pakistan Nepal Bangladesh India Myanmar Sri Lanka Vietnam Laos Thailand Cambodia Philippines South Korea Burundi Kenya Tanzania Singapore Indonesia Mozambique Los Banos HQ 5 Major Hubs 15 Country Offices ~1400 Staff, 36 Nationalities

6 Global Rice Science Partnership West-Central Asia (1%) IRD CIRAD JIRCAS CIAT Central & South America (2%) AfricaRice Africa (2%) Asia (89%) IRRI 3 CGIAR Centers 3 Centers with International Mandates ~900 research and development partners worldwide

7 IRRI s R&D Strategy 1. Define the Gaps and the Impact Potential 2. Develop (or Identify), and Translate Science Delivering Tailored Solutions 3. Accelerate Impact through capacity building & facilitation of dissemination & adoption

8 Mission Assure global rice supplies Reduce poverty and hunger Improve the health of rice farmers and consumers Ensure environmental sustainability

9 Global rice demand until 2035 Million tons milled rice Additional rice needed: 116 million tons by global rice production 300 Asia Africa Americas Rest of World Source: IRRI Global Rice Model

10 POVERTY ALLEVIATION Milled rice consumption (FAO, 2011) Annual consumption per capita (kg) < >75 Poverty headcount (World Bank) Each dot represents 250,000 people living on $1.25 (PPP) a day or less 1.3 billion people in 2012

11 Rice and Food Security 2010 Production 644 MMT 2050 Predicted Requirement 827 MMT How can we (reliably) produce another 180 MMT? loss of arable land climate change changing demographics

12 Global Nutrition Challenge(s) 870 million people suffered from chronic malnourishment in , 15% of the population of developing countries (FAO) In 2013, one in four children under 5 worldwide had stunted growth. Half of the stunted children live in Asia and one third in Africa Nearly half of all death in children under 5 are attributable to malnutrition 3 million lives lost per year Approximately 1 bn people suffering from over-nutrition. Many developing countries confronting malnutrition in rural populations and over-nutrition in urban populations GR Team Presentations

13 Reducing our Footprint AND Dealing with Climate Change

14 Some Headline Issues Population growth Globalization Urbanization Climate Change Land Usage Labor availability Input scarcity/cost Economic transition Rice trade volatility Private sector growth Communications The biological revolution Remote & instrumental sensing big data Donor priorities and expectations CGIAR reform

15 IRRI s R&D Strategy 1. Define the Gaps and the Impact Potential

16 Defining the Gaps and the Impact Potential 1. Consultation with National Partners national sectoral regional local 2. On the ground presence & networks Country Offices Joint Programs CORRA IRRI-Indonesia Workplan CURE CORIGAP 3. Current Situation Production System Biophysical/Environment Technology Trade Social/Demographic Policy 4. Fore sighting & Scenario Analysis

17 Mapping rice from space Regular monitoring of rice growing areas using satellite imagery, modeling and regional ground-truthing to accurately estimate rice area, rice production and damage from calamities.

18 Leveraging new technologies With sarmap we have demonstrated that rice can be mapped with high accuracy across different seasons, different crop and water management practices and different maturities. Rice area accurately mapped at sub hectare resolution in over 1.6m ha across 13 sites in Thailand, India, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia and the Philippines.

19 Leveraging new technologies Yield can be accurately estimated at district level and even forecasted one or two months before harvest by linking remote sensing observations of crop growth to IRRI s crop modeling expertise yield estimates in t/ha in Takeo, Cambodia for Early Wet season (left) and a forecast for the ongoing Main Wet Season (right)

20 Consumer surveys in key cities S & SE Asia Preference for varieties, brands and traits Purchase, consumption habits Demographics

21 IRRI s R&D Strategy 2. Develop (or Identify), and Translate Science Delivering Tailored Solutions

22 Sequencing the Genebank 3000 Genomes project 3 to 10% sampling Apply low-cost sequencing Technology, 12-14X depth IRG Traditional Germplasm ~120,000 cultivated accessions Phenotypes Reveal functional diversity Association analysis Initial data analysis of the 3,000 genomes sequence data Data quality Alignment to reference genome SNP calls With BGI and CAAS

23 Phylogenetic tree for 200K SNPs on 3000 lines With BGI and CAAS

24 Making rice climate-proof drought salinity submergence heat David Johnson

25 Flood tolerant rice Flooding or water logging after direct seeding Long-term Stagnant floods (20-50 cm) Transient flash floods (1-2 wks) Irrigated & rainfed Annually over 15 m ha affected by each type every year in Asia

26 Breeding For Stress Tolerance ACIAR funded Plant Growth Facility (under construction)

27 21 st Century Rice Breeding Trait Pipelines Defined Product Profiles Yield Potential Anaerobic Germination Biofortication Grain Quality Disease Resistance Flood Tolerance Heat Tolerance P/N Use Efficiency Salinity Tolerance Drought Tolerance Cold Tolerance Photo-Insensitivity Parent Building Breeding Pipelines Hybrid Rice Irrigated Rice South-East Asia Irrigated Rice South Asia Rainfed Rice South-East Asia Rainfed Rice South Asia Rainfed/Irrigated Rice Africa Markers Screening MET Informatics MET Biometrics Breeding Support Driven By Yield Measured by Acreage

28 C4 rice A C4 rice should increase rice yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency by 30-50%. No other evolutionary mechanism exists that could be added to a C3 rice so as to deliver that superior combination of benefits. C3 + Anatomy + Biochem + Fine = C4 Change Change Tuning years of research needed

29 Golden Rice A genetically modified rice that produces high amount of beta-carotene in its grains Ordinary Rice Phytoene synthase (Psy) gene from maize + and Phytoene desaturase (crti) gene from a common soil bacterium Golden Rice Project Coordinator: Dr Violetta Vilegas

30 Future management systems Conventional Reduced Raised bed Zero-tillage (Unpuddled) Tillage Crop establishment Transplant Drum Seeding Direct-drillseeding

31 Interactive Change Cycles Mechanical Harvesting Post Harvest Technologies Consumer Value Capacity Building Drought Tolerance Water & Nutrient Management Dissemination & Adoption Strategies Weed Control Labour Shortages Economic & Social Impact New Varieties Varieites, Traits & Germplasm Land Preparation & Direct Seeding Production Systems Mechanization

32 IRRI s R&D Strategy 3. Accelerate Impact through capacity building & facilitation of dissemination & adoption

33 Interlinkages of ICT platforms for delivery Interview farmer before season Pre-season recommendation SMS or voice messages Interview farmer before season Pre-season recommendation Cropping season Cropping season RKB Diagnose problems & provide solutions Roland Buresh

34 Building the next generation of Agriculture Professionals Category Female Male Grand Total BS MS PhD Fellow 3 3 Intern On-the-Job Trainee Grand Total ASEAN Training

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36 Working With the Private Sector The rice breeding and technology support landscape is changing. Entry of breeding companies at a range of levels: (1) Major biotechs (2) Mid level national focus companies (3) small to medium size region specific breeders & suppliers. IRRI will engage with the private sector where there is mutual benefit that does not compromise our mandate. A range of partnerships & models possible: Hybrid Rice Development Consortium Access to Inbred germplasm for breeding and selection. Decision support tools Mechanization

37 PARTNERSHIPS ARE CRITICAL TO SUCCESS Upstream R&D partnerships NARES NGOs Governments Private Sector Farmers, Millers, Processors Donors

38 Seed systems; production & delivery STRASA Model in South Asia and Africa * Led by partners; catalized by IRRI Characterization for targeted dessimination Aligning of partners Track distribution and assess impacts Monitoring of progress to identify gaps and needs for process adjustments Support studies Capacity Building * Abdel Ismail and Umesh Singh

39 CONCLUSION IRRI strongly welcomes the opportunity to revitalize collaboration with Indonesia. IRRI & Indonesian partners jointly have the expertise and technologies to contribute to clearly targeted and supported programs that address Indonesia s food security objectives. Together, we can help address food security needs, address farmer livelihood challenges, improve nutrition, and do so in a way that protects the environment.

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