Coffee Break German Lesson 21

Transcription

1 LESSON NOTES MORGEN WIRD ES AUßERGEWÖHNLICH KALT... In this lesson you ll learn to talk about the weather in the present and in the future. You ll also learn to tell the time in German, and find out how Germans spend their summer holiday. UND ZWAR... In the opening section of this lesson, Thomas and Mark have the following conversation: Coffee Break German Lesson 21 Study Notes Herzlich Willkommen zu Coffee Break German. Thomas: Wir sind zurück mit einer neuen Lektion, und zwar Nummer 21. Ich heiße Mark. Thomas: Mein Name ist Thomas. Lass uns anfangen! Thomas: Auf geht s Mark. wir sind zurück mit einer neuen Lektion we re back with a new lesson Note firstly that the phrase for a new lesson would be eine neue Lektion, but since it follows the preposition mit the dative case is used: mit einer neuen Lektion. Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 1 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 2 of 19

2 und zwar Nummer 21 and, to be more precise, lesson 21 The expression und zwar is common in German. It is used to give more information or mor detail about whatever has just been said. It s difficult to translate it literally as there is no exact English equivalent. Other examples include: ich komme aus Deutschland, und zwar aus Bayern I come from Germany, and to be more precise from Bavaria TALKING ABOUT THE WEATHER To ask the question what is the weather like? you can use the following question: wie ist das Wetter? what is the weather like? wie ist das Wetter heute? how is the weather today? Literally wie ist das Wetter means how is the weather? Possible answers to this question include: es ist warm it is warm es ist kalt it is cold es ist heiß it is hot More interesting alternatives to sehr include extrem and außergewöhnlich: es ist sehr warm it is very warm es ist extrem heiß it is extremely hot es ist außergewöhnlich kalt it is extraordinarily cold These words can be used in other situations too: ich bin extrem müde I am extremely tired ich bin außergewöhnlich müde I m extraordinarily tired If you are answering the question wie ist das Wetter heute? and you want to start with today... then you must remember to change the word order: heute ist es sehr heiß today it is very hot Literally this means today is it very warm. Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 3 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 4 of 19

3 heute ist es extrem kalt today it is extremely cold heute ist es außergewöhnlich heiß today it is extraordinarily warm es ist bewölkt it s cloudy heute ist es bewölkt today it s cloudy die Wolke the cloud es ist sonnig it s sunny heute ist es sonnig today it s sunny die Sonne the sun es ist windig it s windy heute ist es windig today it s windy der Wind the wind regnen to rain es regnet it s raining heute regnet es today it s raining der Regen the rain schneien to snow es schneit it s snowing heute schneit es today it s snowing der Schnee snow So far we ve looked at weather in the present, asking what is the weather like now? However if you wish to talk about what the weather will be like this afternoon or tomorrow, you use the word wird which comes from the verb werden. Literally this means to become, but it s also used to form the future tense. wie wird das Wetter? what will the weather be like? Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 5 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 6 of 19

4 Literally this means how is the weather becoming? Here are some possible answers: am Nachmittag wird es heiß this afternoon it s going to be hot / it will be hot / it is becoming hot / it s getting hot am Nachmittag wird es kalt this afternoon it s going to be cold / it will be cold / it is becoming cold / it s getting cold morgen wird es warm tomorrow it s going to be warm / it will be warm / it s becoming warm / it s getting warm Note that it is also possible to use the present tense even if you are talking about a future time: morgen ist es heiß it s going to be hot tomorrow nächste Woche ist es sehr kalt it s going to be really cold next week If you wish to use wird, you can also use it with the verbs regnen or schneien: es wird regnen it s going to rain / it will rain nächste Woche wird es schneien next week it s going to snow Another thing you may wish to know is how you say right now, as in what is the weather like right now in Germany? im Moment at the moment, right now wie ist das Wetter in Deutschland im Moment? how is the weather in Germany just now? Mark and Thomas use these expressions in a short conversation: Also, Thomas, wie ist das Wetter in Deutschland im Moment? Thomas: Es ist sehr warm und sonnig. Sehr warm und sonnig. Thomas: Mark, wie ist das Wetter in Schottland im Moment? Es ist nicht so warm, aber heute ist es sonnig. Thomas: Es regnet nicht! Es regnet nicht. Thomas: Das ist gut. Das ist wunderbar! es ist nicht so warm it s not so warm morgen wird es regnen tomorrow it s going to rain / it will rain Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 7 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 8 of 19

5 TELLING THE TIME IN GERMAN Although we have previously learned to talk about arrival and departure times for public transport, we have not yet covered the topic of telling the time. To ask what time it is, you ask: wie viel Uhr ist es? what time is it? You may also hear this question: wie spät ist es? what time is it? (literally how late is it? ) We have already seen um drei Uhr meaning at three o clock. To say it is three o clock you use the following construction: es ist drei Uhr it is three o clock Here are some further possible answers to the question wie viel Uhr ist es? es ist sieben Uhr dreiundzwanzig it s 7:23 vor before / to nach past / after es ist zwanzig nach drei it s twenty past / after three es ist zehn vor acht it is ten to eight Note that the word nach can be a bit confusing. In the context of der Zug nach München the word nach can be translated as to or for. However, when dealing with time, nach does not mean to : es ist zehn nach acht means it is ten past eight or it is ten after eight. If you want to say it is ten to eight you need to use the word vor: es ist zehn vor acht. es ist viertel nach zwei it s a quarter past two es ist viertel vor elf it s a quarter to eleven The word for half is halb, but be very careful! In German you don t say half past : instead you say half to the next hour. es ist halb vier it is half past three (literally half to four ) es ist halb elf it is half past ten ( half to eleven ) Two final phrases which may help you talk about time are: es ist Mitternacht it s midnight Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 9 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 10 of 19

6 made from wood, wicker and waterproof fabric or synthetic material that provides enough space for two people sitting next to each other. Strandkörbe have tilting tops, armrests and footrests, storage space below the seats, rain proof covers and sunshades. So they can protect you from sun, wind, rain, and sand on the beaches. Although to be honest, sitting on the beach in the wind and rain, even in a Strandkorb, may not be everyone s cup of tea, as they say! es ist Mittag it s midday CULTURAL CORRESPONDENT In this episode s cultural segment Julia talks about how Germans spend their summer. Hi Mark, Hi Thomas und hallo an alle unsere Coffee Break German Zuhörer. Ich bin s wieder, Julia, eure Kulturkorrespondentin. Wie geht es euch? Mir geht es gut, aber mir ist sehr warm. Es ist Sommer in Deutschland it s summer in Germany and in this Cultural Correspondent feature I m going to tell you about some of the different activities we do and places we go when it gets really warm in summer time. In the height of summer, many people naturally want to escape the cities and head to the mountains in central or southern Germany. However, another popular destination is the north where thousands of Germans spend time on the beaches of the North Sea or the Baltic Sea. Just off the coast, there are several beautiful islands which attract visitors in the summer and indeed at other times of the year. Germany s biggest island is in the Baltic Sea: it s called Rügen. The biggest island in the North Sea is called Sylt. It is worth spending a few days there in summer, although I have to say that it might be difficult to find any hotel rooms still available! Now, given that you re at the North Sea or Baltic Sea coast, when you re lying on the beach it can get very windy. And in 1882 German basketmaker Wilhelm Bartelmann invented a solution for this problem in Rostock: der Strandkorb which literally translates as the beach basket. It is a very heavy kind of chair Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 11 of 19 You can find Strandkörbe all along the coasts of North Sea and Baltic Sea although they differ a bit in shape in these two areas. Strandkorb keepers rent them to tourists for the day for about 8 to 10 Euros. Otherwise they are locked so that you can t sit in them. Strandkörbe are seen as a German phenomenon and are deeply rooted in the German beach culture. Now, if you don t have the time to go all the way to the Sea in the North, many Germans just take their bikes and head off to the many lakes that you find for example around Munich or Berlin or of course Germany s biggest and deepest lake, der Bodensee (Lake Constance) which connects Germany with Austria and Switzerland. We ll be continuing the summer theme next time, but for now I m off to buy an ice cream - ich werde mir jetzt ein Eis kaufen. I ll be back next time with some more tips on typical German summer activities! Zurück zu Mark und Thomas ins Studio! Bis zum nächsten Mal! DAS REICHT FÜR HEUTE Ready for more? Turn the page to continue with the bonus materials for this lesson. Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 12 of 19

7 CORE VOCABULARY wie ist das Wetter? what is the weather like? wie ist das Wetter heute? how is the weather today? es ist warm it is warm es ist kalt it is cold es ist heiß it is hot es ist sehr warm it is very warm es ist extrem heiß it is extremely hot es ist außergewöhnlich kalt it is extraordinarily cold heute ist es sehr heiß today it is very hot heute ist es extrem kalt today it is extremely cold heute ist es außergewöhnlich heiß today it is extraordinarily warm es ist bewölkt it s cloudy heute ist es bewölkt today it s cloudy die Wolke the cloud es ist sonnig it s sunny heute ist es sonnig today it s sunny die Sonne the sun es ist windig it s windy heute ist es windig today it s windy der Wind the wind regnen to rain Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 13 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 14 of 19

8 es regnet it s raining heute regnet es today it s raining der Regen the rain schneien to snow es schneit it s snowing heute schneit es today it s snowing der Schnee snow wie wird das Wetter? what will the weather be like? am Nachmittag wird es heiß this afternoon it s going to be hot / it will be hot / it is becoming hot / it s getting hot am Nachmittag wird es kalt this afternoon it s going to be cold / it will be cold / it is becoming cold / it s getting cold morgen wird es warm tomorrow it s going to be warm / it will be warm / it s becoming warm / it s getting warm morgen ist es heiß it s going to be hot tomorrow nächste Woche ist es sehr kalt it s going to be really cold next week es wird regnen it s going to rain / it will rain morgen wird es regnen tomorrow it s going to rain / it will rain nächste Woche wird es schneien next week it s going to snow im Moment at the moment, right now wie ist das Wetter in Deutschland im Moment? how is the weather in Germany just now? wie viel Uhr ist es? what time is it? wie spät ist es? what time is it? (literally how late is it? ) es ist drei Uhr it is three o clock Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 15 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 16 of 19

9 es ist sieben Uhr dreiundzwanzig it s 7:23 es ist zwanzig nach drei it s twenty past / after three es ist zehn vor acht it is ten to eight es ist viertel nach zwei it s a quarter past two es ist viertel vor elf it s a quarter to eleven es ist halb vier it is half past three (literally half to four ) es ist halb elf it is half past ten ( half to eleven ) es ist Mitternacht it s midnight es ist Mittag it s midday BONUS VOCABULARY der Sturm storm es ist sturmisch it s stormy der Nebel fog es ist nebelig it s foggy der Frost frost das Eis ice es ist eisig it s icy die Straßen sind eisig the roads are icy der Hagel hail es hagelt it s hailing hageln to hail Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 17 of 19 Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 18 of 19

10 es sturmt it s stormy sturmen to be stormy es windet it s windy normalerweise normally in Schottland ist es normalerweise kalt it s normally cold in Scotland normalerweise ist es in Schottland kalt normally it s cold in Scotland Coffee Break German: Lesson 21 - Notes page 19 of 19