Nýorkubílar, rafbílar, blendingar. IÐAN fræðslusetur Bílgreinasvið

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Nýorkubílar, rafbílar, blendingar. IÐAN fræðslusetur Bílgreinasvið"

Transcription

1 Nýorkubílar, rafbílar, blendingar

2 Efni námskeiðs Kynning, hvers vegna rafbílar Uppbygging og samsetning rafbúnaðar High-voltage, öryggi háspennu Aftenging háspennu Blendingsbifreiðar, Hybrids Hvernig vinna blendings bifreiðar Hvernig á eigandin að umgangast bifreiðina

3 Upphaf Upphaf Árið 1828, Ungverjin, Ányos Jedlik hannaði módelbíl sem var drifin rafmagnsmótor sem hann hannaði. Árið 1835, Smíðaði Thomas Davenport, járnsmiður smáan rafbíl, einnig hannaði hann fyrsta DC mótorinn í norður ameríku,

4 Olíuframleiðsla í heiminum

5 Orkuskortur? Áætlað er að hægt sé að framleiða alls 50 Twh / ár 30Twh/ári vatnsorku 20Twh/ári jarðvarmi Ýmislegt bendir til að jarðhiti sé ofmetinn (ef hann á að vera endurvinnanlegur) og miklar fórnir þarf til að ná 30Twh/ári úr fallvatni Í dag framleiðum við 9-10Twh/ári

6 Náttúruleg gróðurhúsaáhrif Sem betur fer eru náttúruleg gróðurhúsaáhrif veruleg Ef þeirra nyti ekki væri meðalhiti jarðar mínus 18 C en er plús 15 C Þessi áhrif stafa af þessum 0,038% CO 2 sem eru í lofthjúpi! Kristján M. Gunnarsson

7 Til umhugsunar og Why The amazing thing is that most of what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horsepower! When you are driving along the freeway at 60 mph (96.6 kph), your car engine has to provide the power to do three things: Overcome the aerodynamic drag caused by pushing the car through the air Overcome all of the friction in the car's components such as the tires, transmission, axles and brakes Provide power for accessories like air conditioning, power steering and headlights For most cars, doing all this requires less than 20 horsepower! So, why do you need a car with 200 horsepower? So you can "floor it," which is the only time you use all that power. The rest of the time, you use considerably less power than you have available

8 Vindstuðull / vehicle drag

9 Efni námskeiðs Kynning Uppbygging, samsetning og virkni rafbúnaðar Öryggi há-spennu Aftengja háspennu Viðbætur við blendingsbifreiðar Hvernig vinnur blendingur Hvað getur eignadi gert og notað hvaða verkfæri

10 Rafmagn sem lausn Uppbygging og virkni rafbíla

11 Uppsetning Til eru nokkrar tegundir af rafbílum; Þeir rafbílar sem eru með hleðslu frá bensín hreyfli Og þeir rafbílar sem eru eingönu knúnir af rafmagni frá rafgeymum Endurhleðsla þegar hemlað er Drægni er frá 70 til 500km eftir því hvort kerfið er notað Verksmiðjuframleiddar bifreiðar nota AC mótora, á meðan bensín bifreiðar sem eru breyttir nota ýmist AC eða DC mótora

12 Jafnstraumur / ryðstraumur AC/DC AC DC/DC DC

13 Hvað er unnið með því að nota blending (Hybrid eða rafbíl) Bensínbifreið; Þegar tekið er af stað notar hann mikið eldsneyti og mengar þar af leiðandi mikið. Ef notað er rafmagn í stað eldsneytis við upptöku bifreiðar þá sparast mikið eldsneyti og mengun verðum mun minni en ella. (Hybrid) Hvað þá ef bifreiðin er rafknúin að öllu leyti, þá verður ekki þessi mikla mengun úr útblæstri.

14 Hvað er unnið með því að nota rafbíl Ekki þarf að skipta um olíur á hreyfli Ekki þarf að sinna öðru viðhaldi á hreyfli s.s. ventlum tímareim/keðju. Engin startari Engin alternator Púskerfi óþarft Engin kaup á eldsneyti Engin bensíntankur Engar áhyggjur af mengun í akstri

15 Skilgreining á Lágspenna - Háspenna Skilgreining Lágspenna Háspenna Spennusvið DC 30v AC 15v DC > 60v AC > 30v RMS Frá árinu 1998 hefur háspenna verið í bifreiðum með 273volta hvíluspennu og yfir 300volta hleðsluspennu.

16 Aflbúnaður 330 Volt Rafgeymir stýristraums (12 Volt) Hleðslutengi Stjórneining mótors (MCU) Hleðslutæk i (OBC) Hraðhleðslu-tengi Aðalrafgeymar (330 Volt) Mótor & gírkassi

17 2011MY i-miev

18 Grunnuppbygging Grunnuppbygging rafbifreiða Hjarta bifreiða knúnu rafmagni er sambland eftirfarandi hluta: Rafmótors Stjórnara Rafgeyma-sett Rafala Hleðslubúnaðar

19 Virkni Stjórnari fær orku frá rafgeymum og beinir þeirri orku til rafmótors. Inngjafar-ástig er tengt tveim viðnámum. Stöðuviðnámin senda boð til stjórnara hversu mikla orku er þörf hverju sinni. Stjórnari getur afgreitt frá 0 til fullrar orku þegar ökumaður stígur ástig í botn og allt þar á milli.

20 Mynd sem sýnir 24volta rafbúnað

21 Ásýnd Stjórnarinn er yfirleitt það fyrsta sem sést þegar vélarhlíf er opnuð, eins og sést á þessari mynd:

22 Virkni bifreiða með AC mótor Stjórnari getur tekið inn 300 volts DC frá rafgeymasamstæðu. Það umbreytir því í 240 volts AC, 3-fasa á Volta, sem síðan er sent til mótors. Stjórnari framkvæmir þessa breytingu með gríðarstórum transistor sem í síflellu setur spennu af og á til að búa til sínusbylgju. Þegar ýtt er á inngjafarpedala, er barki tengdur í stöðuskynjara. Hann sendir síðan boð til sjórnara. Boðin frá stöðuskyjaranum segja stjórnara hversu mikla orku mótorinn á að fá.

23 DC DC stjórnari Stjórnarar eru vinnuhestar fyrir kraftmikla rafbíla. Þeir vinna vel á spennubili á milli 72V til 120V (nominal) spennu. Straumur er á bilinu; t.d. 150A í 1 klst, 250A í 5 minútur 400A í 2 minútur, fer allt eftir uppsetningu og viðeigandi kælibúnað fyrir stórnara. Hann hefur tvö tíðnisvið sem vinna á 1.5kHz í 15kHz eftir að um það bil 1/5 af inngjöf hefur verið náð. Hentugur fyrir flesta bíla og sérstaklega fyrir bíla yfir 1200 kg eða hraðskreiða bíla yfir 750kg.

24 Stöðuskynjarar Boðin frá stöðuskynjaranum segja stjórnaranum hversu mikla orku eigi að senda til mótors. Það eru hafðir tveir stöðuskynjarar til að viðhalda öryggisþáttum. Stjórnarinn les báða skynjarana gengur úr skugga að þeir séu samstíga og merkin frá þeim séu rétt. Ef þau reynast ekki rétt þá vinnur ekki búnaður ekki. Þetta er vörn, ef sú staða kemur upp að skynjari bilar í fullri inngjöf þá hættir vinnslan. Háspennu kaplar tengja rafgeymasamstæðu við stjórnara. Á leiðinni er stór höfuðrofi sem hægt er að ná til í neyð og við þjónustuskoðanir. Einnig eru hitaskynjarar til að mæla hita á rafgeymum. Blástursmótorar eru notaðir til að kæla niður og loftræsta rými rafgeyma, komi þeir til með að hitna.

25 Einföld uppsetning rafgeyma fyrir DC rafmótor Sveru vírarnir sem koma og fara frá stjórnaranum. Hlutverk stjórnarans í DC rafdrifnum bíl er auðvelt að skilja. Segjum svo að rafgeymasett hafi 12 12volta rafgeyma, þeir séu raðtengdir til að búa til 144 volts. Stjórnarninn tekur inn 144 volts DC og skilar því til mótors í gegnum stjórnarann.

26 Einfaldleikinn DC Einfaldur DC stjórnari væri stór on/off rofi tengdur í inngjafarpedala. Þegar þú ýtir á rofann þá setur þú rofann í samband og þegar þú slakaðir á rofanum myndi sambandið rofna. Sem ökumaður yrðir þú að ýta og slaka á gjöfinni til að halda þínum hraða. Svona on/off gæti gengið en yrði leiðinlegt í vinnslu, svo stjórnarninn gerir þetta fyrir þig. Stjórnarinn les stöðu inngjafar frá skynjurum og stjórnar þannig mótornum. Segjum sem svo að pedali sé á hálfiri gjöf. Stjórnarinn les stöðu skynjara og skiptir stöðugt on/off svo hann verði helming tímans af og hinn helming tímans á. Ef gjöfinn er 25% þá mun stjórnarinn setja mótorin á 25% af tímanum og 75%. Running cycle, vinnslutími rafbúnaðar.

27 Stjórnarar DC Flestir stjórnarar púlsa oftar en15,000 sinnum á sek, er það gert til að halda tíðninni fyrir utan mannlega heyrn. Hin púlsandi straumur er þess valdandi að mótorinn víbrar á þessari tíðni, með því að víbra mótornum yfir 15,000 sinnum á sekúntu, er hljóð frá stjórnara og mótora hljóðlausir í eyrum mennskra.

28 AC stjórnari Í AC stjórnara er vinnslan örlítið flóknari, en hann hefur sömu hugmyndafræði. Stjórnarin býr til (pseudo-sine) þrepa formaðar sínusbilgjur. Það framkvæmir það á þann hátt með því að taka DC volt frá rafgeymum og púlsar þeim af og á. Í AC stjórnara, er þörf fyrir umpólun skauta 60 sinnum á sekúntu. Þar með þarf sex sett af transistorum í AC stjórnara, á móti einu setti í DC stjórnara. Í AC stjórnara, fyrir hvern fasa þarf eitt sett af transistorum til að púlsa spennunni og annað sett til að umpóla henni. Það þarf að framkvæma þetta 3. sinnum fyrir hina þrá fasa-- -semsagt sex sett af Flestir DC stjórnarar sem notaðir eru í rafbílum koma frá gaffallyftara framleiðendum. Stjórnarar get komið til skila allt að wöttum.

29 Rafmótorar - raffgeymar Rafbílar geta notað AC eða DC mótora: Ef mótorinn er DC, þá getur spennan verið frá volt. Margir DC mótorar sem notaðir eru koma frá framleiðendum gaffallyftara. Ef mótorinn er AC mótor, þá er það í flestum tilfellum þriggja fasa AC mótor sem keyrir á 240v AC með 300 volta rafgeyma samstæðu.

30 Rafmótorar - raffgeymar Ódýrast og auðveldast er að setja DC mótor í bifreið. Venjulega er stærð mótors 20,000-watt til 30,000-wött. Hefðbundið svið stjórnara er á bilinu 40,000-wött til 60,000-wött (til dæmis, 96-volt mun geta skilað af sér að hámarki um 400 til 600 amps). DC mótorar hafa þann eiginleika ða það er hæt að lesta þá í stuttan tíma allt að 10. falt. Til dæmis 20,000-watta mótor getur tekið á móti 100,000 wöttum í stuttan tíma og skilað af sér 5. fallt hestafla gildi sitt. Þetta getur verið gott í stuttan tíma, eina vandamálið er hitin sem myndast. Of mykill hiti eyðileggur mótorinn. Ef settur er AC mótor er hægt að nota nánast hvaða 3-fasa AC iðnaðarmótor sem er. Auðveldar það að finna heppilegan mótor í stærð og lögun. AC mótorar og stjórnarar haf eiginleika sem nýtast þegar þarf að ; hemla, breytir mótornum í rafala sem skilar hleðslu til rafgeyma. Eins og staðan er nú þá eru rafgeymar veikasti hlekkruinn. Rafgeymar

31 Rafgeymar, blýgeymar Sex þættir blýrafgeyma sem gerir þá óhagstæða; Þeir eru þungir (hefðbundið sett í rafbíl getur vegið allt að 400 kíló eða meir). Þeir eru fyrirferðamiklir (bifreið getur haft um 50 blýgeyma, hver um sig hefur málsetningu 6" x 8" by 6 )(15cm, 20cm, 15cm). Þeir hafa takmarkaða rýmd (venjulegur blýgeymir getur geymt 12 til 15 kw/t af orku og getur gefið drægni um 80km). Þeir hlaðast hægt (ca 10 tíma eftir gerð og uppbyggingu). Þeir hafa stuttan líftíma (þrjú til fjögur ár, með ca 200 endurhleðslum ). Þeir eru dýrir (t.d $2,000 fyrir rafgeymasett sem lýst her að ofan).

32 Main battery (12.5MY) 54D-07 OBC (Hleðsla, heimatengi), DC converter 1. Hleðsla í heimahúsi 11MY 12.5MY Household electricity Power supply 230V 1phase (16A) 230V 1phase (13A) 230V 1phase (10A) Charging time 6 hours 7 hours 8 hours Supply power Charging time 230V 1phase(16A)* 6 hours 230V 1phase(10A) 8 hours 230V 1phase(8A) 10 hours * Only Industrial plug (Option) Household charging connector AC230V, single phase socket-outlet (earthed)

33 Líftími rafhlöðu Li-ion frá MM Mitsubishi Motors áætlar að rýmd rafgeymis rýrni með tímanum og verði um 80% af eðlilegri rýmd hans á fimm árum, um það bil 70% rýmd eftir tíu ár, þar sem þetta er aðeins áætlun á ekki að taka þessa prósentutölu sem rauntölu, heldur verður að taka mið af mismunandi notkun, akstri, geymslu og hvernig hann hefur verið hlaðin af eiganda í gegnum tíðina.

34 Rafgeymir stýristraums (12 Volt) Aflbúnaður 330 Volt Hleðslutengi Stjórneining mótors (MCU) Hleðslutæk i (OBC) Hraðhleðslu-tengi Aðalrafgeymar (330 Volt) Mótor & gírkassi

35 /120km

36 Rafmótorinn / hreyfillinn Rafmótorinn hefur lík afköst (47 kw) og bensínmótor samsvarandi bíls, en hefur nær tvöfalt snúningsvægi þegar tekið er af stað.

37 Hleðslustaða Mælaborðið Vegalengdar mælir. Hægt að stilla á áætlaða vegalengd á hleðslunni

38 Rafgeymirinn 88 Sellur, hver 3,7 Volt 12 Einingar (10 x 8 Sellur, 2 x 4 Sellur) Rafgeymirinn samanstendur af 88 sellum sem komið er fyrir í 12 einingum. Spenna fullhlaðins geymis er 365 Volt og spenna á afhlöðnum geymi er 315 Volt.

39 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Rýming Neyðarviðbrögð Aðvörun: - Eftir að tækið er gert óvirkt helst afl áfram í : 5 mínútur í háspennukerfi! 90 sekúndur í SRS loftpoka - Háspennukaplar eru appelsínugulir = hætta!

40 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Rýming Neyðarviðbrögð Háspennuöryggiskerfi 125 A READY AF: stöðvar rafstraum frá háspennugeymi HV 125 A öryggi til varnar í þjónustutengli READY Á: Háspenna á aflköplum 201,6 Bæði + og - kaplar eru einangraðir frá grind Eftir að READY er AF: helst afl á í 5 mín!

41 Öryggi Háspenna er á orange lituðum vírum Rjúfa þarf tengingu frá háspennu hlutanum og ef á að þjónusta eða gera við bifreið. Bíða þarf í 5-9 mínútur eftir bifreið (straumrofstími) Straumrofsstími SRS er breytilegur Rafblossi frá háspennu hefur 5. sinnum meiri hita en sólin Bruni er algengasta slysið af háspennu sem leiðir til dauða

42 Rafgeymar, öryggi EV Battery Requirements: Safe Examples of EV battery safety issues: Overcharging explosive hydrogen outgassing thermal runaway resulting in melting, explosion or inextinguishable fire Short Circuit external or internal under normal circumstances or caused by a crash immediate or latent Damage liquid electrolyte acid leakage

43 Rafgeymar, orka EV Battery Requirements: High Power Power = Watts = Volts x Amps Typically rated in terms of C the current ratio between max current and current to drain battery in 1 hour; example 3C for a 100 Ah cell is 300A Battery voltage changes with current level and direction, and state of charge 1 Horsepower = 746 Watts Charger efficiency = ~90% Battery charge and discharge efficiency = ~95% Drive system efficiency = ~85% AC, 75% DC

44 Rafgeymar EV Battery Requirements: High Power Example Accelerating or driving up a steep hill Motor Shaft Power = ~50 HP or ~37,000 W Battery Power = ~50,000 W DC, ~44,000 W AC Battery Current ~400A for 144V nominal pack with DC drive ~170A for 288V nominal pack with AC drive Driving steady state on flat ground Motor Shaft Power = ~20 HP or ~15,000 W Battery Power = ~20,000 W DC, ~18,000 AC Battery Current ~150A for 144V nominal pack with DC drive ~70A for 288V nominal pack with AC drive Charging Depends on battery type, charger power and AC outlet rating Example: for 3,300 W, 160V, 20A DC for 3,800 W, 240V, 16A AC

45 Rafgeymar EV Battery Requirements: High Capacity Higher capacity = higher driving range between charges Energy = Watts x Hours = Volts x Amp-Hours Watt-hours can be somewhat reduced with higher discharge current due to internal resistance heating loss Amp-Hours can be significantly reduced with higher discharge current seen in EVs due to Peukert Effect Amp-Hours can be significantly reduced in cold weather without heaters and insulation Example: V 100 Amp-Hour cells with negligible Peukert Effect and 95% efficiencies Pack capacity = 48 * 3.2 Volts * 100 Amp-Hours *.95 efficiency = 14,592 Wh 340 Watt Hours per mile vehicle consumption rate Vehicle range = 14,592 Wh / 340 Wh/mi = 42 miles

46 Rafgeymar EV Battery Requirements: Small and Light Cars only have so much safe payload for handling and reliability Cars only have so much space to put batteries, and they can t go anywhere for safety reasons Specific Power = power to weight ratio = Watts / Kilogram Specific Energy = energy capacity to weight ratio = Watt-Hours / Kilogram Power Density = power to volume ratio = Watts / liter Energy Density = energy to capacity to volume ratio = Watt-Hours /liter 1 liter = 1 million cubic millimeters Example: 1 module with 3,840 W peak power, 1,208 Wh actual energy, 15.8 kg, 260 x 173 x 225 mm = 10.1 liters Specific Power = 3,840 W / 15.8 kg = 243 W/kg Specific Energy = 1,208 Wh / 15.8 kg = 76 Wh/kg Power Density = 3,840 W / 10.1 l = 380 W/l Energy Density = 1,208 Wh / 10.1 l = 119 Wh/l

47 Rafgeymar EV Battery Requirements Large Format Minimize the need for too many interconnects; example 100 Ah Long Life Minimize the need for battery replacement effort and cost Example: 2000 cycles at 100% Depth-of-Discharge to reach 80% capacity charging at C/2; 5 years to 80% capacity on 13.8V float at 73C Low Overall Cost Minimize the purchase and replacement cost of the batteries Example: $10K pack replacement cost every 5 years driven 40 miles per day down to 80% DOD = 1825 days, 73,000 miles, 14 cents per mile

48 Rafgeymar Hár hiti dregur úr líftíma, við 13 C styttist líftími sýrurafgeyma um helming.

49 Samanburður ýmissa rafgeyma

50 Li ion LI ion battery Volta fer 40 mílur á rafgeymum einum saman. Samsetning er álþynna / koparþynna. Li ion sem katóða og colefnisblanda sem anoda með einangrunar plötu á milli eininga.

51 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Gerið ökutækið óvirkt fyrir þjónustu Lokaður nikkel-málmhýdríð (Ni-MH) rafgeymir Haldið háspennugeymi láréttum 28 einingar x 6 sellur = 168 sellur 168 sellur x 1,2 V = 201,6 V jafnstraumur

52 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive HV rafgeymasamstæða HV rafgeymir Lokaður nikkel-málmhýdríð (Ni-MH) rafgeymir 28 einingar x 6 sellur = 168 sellur 168 sellur x 1,2 V = 201,6 V jafnstraumur Eining (6 sellur) Sella (1,2 V) Þjónustutappi 28 einingar

53 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Áriðlasamstæða Áriðlasamstæða Fyrir rafhreyfil og rafal Áriðill Jafnstraums HV rafgeymir Riðspenna Aflaukningar-breytir: hækkar 201,6 V? 500 V Fyrir rafknúna loftræstingu: Áriðill Jafnstraumur riðstraumur fyrir loftkælingarþjöppu

54 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Íhlutir HV rafgeymir Straumskynjari Einingar SMR3 Rafgeymis-tölva (ECU) SMR2 SMR1 Viðnám Þjónustutappa-tengill

55 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Gerið ökutækið óvirkt fyrir þjónustu HV rafgeymir Þjónustutappi Ísetning Tengið þjónustutappann Ýtið stönginni niður þar til smellur heyrist Varúð: Notið einangraða hanska Snúið stönginni

56 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Gerið ökutækið óvirkt fyrir þjónustu: Aðgæsla við háspennukerfi Varúðarráðstafanir: VARÚÐ: háspenna snertið ekki meðan í notkun notihásð þetta skilti Eftir að háspennukerfi hefur verið þjónustað og áður en þjónustutappinn er settur í prófið aftur að: verkfæri hafi ekki verið skilin eftir inni skrúfur í háspennusamböndum séu vel hertar tenglar séu vel í sambandi.

57 201,6 V Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Gerið ökutækið óvirkt fyrir þjónustu SMR2 SMR1 Þjónustutappi HV rafgeymir SMR3 (+) (-) Varúðarreglur fyrir skoðun og þjónustu háspennukerfis Ýtið á POWER hnappinn til að SLÖKKVA á READY ljósi Aðalliðar kerfisins (SMR) RJÚFA Aftengið HV rafgeymi frá HV rafrás Aftengið 12 V rafgeymi Takið burt þjónustutappa HV rafgeymis Rýfur háspennurásina (notið einangraða hanska) Setjið þjónustutappann í vasann Bíðið 5 mínútur

58 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Geymsla bíls og viðhald rafgeymis 12 V aukageymir Aflgjafi fyrir ökuljós, hljómflutningstæki, aðra fylgihluti og allar rafeindastýringar (ECU) 12 V Háspennu-rafgeymir 12 V aukageymir (Lokuð gerð) 12 V varaaflgjafi fyrir ECB-hemla

59 Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive Kælikerfi HV rafgeymis HV rafgeymir Kælivifta Loftinntak Stýring kæliblásara Rafgeymaeining : Hitaskynjari

60 Raf,vetnisbifreið

DECISION OF THE EEA JOINT COMMITTEE No 33/96 of 31 May 1996

DECISION OF THE EEA JOINT COMMITTEE No 33/96 of 31 May 1996 Agreement on the European Economic Area The EEA Joint Committee DECISION OF THE EEA JOINT COMMITTEE No 33/96 of 31 May 1996 amending Annex II (Technical regulations, standards, testing and certification)

More information

Comparison of Underground and Overhead Transmission Options in Iceland (132 and 220kV)

Comparison of Underground and Overhead Transmission Options in Iceland (132 and 220kV) Comparison of Underground and Overhead Transmission Options in Iceland (132 and 220kV) Prepared by November, 2013 THIS IS AN INDEPENDENT REPORT BY METSCO ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. (MES) AN ENGINEERING CONSULTING

More information

DISTRIBUTED CLUSTER PRUNING IN HADOOP

DISTRIBUTED CLUSTER PRUNING IN HADOOP DISTRIBUTED CLUSTER PRUNING IN HADOOP Andri Mar Björgvinsson Master of Science Computer Science May 2010 School of Computer Science Reykjavík University M.Sc. PROJECT REPORT ISSN 1670-8539 Distributed

More information

Við og börnin okkar. Our children and Ourselves. Where should I seek assistance? Hvert get ég leitað?

Við og börnin okkar. Our children and Ourselves. Where should I seek assistance? Hvert get ég leitað? Íslenska Hvert get ég leitað? Where should I seek assistance? Neyðarlínan 112 Allir geta hringt í 112 og úr öllum símum. Samband næst við 112 þó svo ekkert símakort sé í símanum, þó svo að enginn inneign

More information

Adolescents Internet Use: Academic Achievement and Well-being

Adolescents Internet Use: Academic Achievement and Well-being Running head: INTERNET USE, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT, AND WELL-BEING Adolescents Internet Use: Academic Achievement and Well-being Eir Arnbjarnardóttir 2015 BSc in Psychology Author: Eir Arnbjarnardóttir ID

More information

Elektrofahrzeug mit Range Extender die Entwicklungsherausforderung Electric Vehicle with Range Extender. The developement challenge

Elektrofahrzeug mit Range Extender die Entwicklungsherausforderung Electric Vehicle with Range Extender. The developement challenge Elektrofahrzeug mit Range Extender die Entwicklungsherausforderung Electric Vehicle with Range Extender Dr. M. Korman AVL-List GmbH The developement challenge Stärkung regionaler Kooperationen in der Elektromobilität

More information

48V eco-hybrid Systems

48V eco-hybrid Systems 48V eco-hybrid Systems Jean-Luc MATE Vice President Continental Engineering Services France President Automotech cluster www.continental-corporation.com Division Naming European Conference on Nanoelectronics

More information

Performance Metrics in Air Traffic Management Systems. A Case Study of Isavia s Air Traffic Management System. by Hulda Ástþórsdóttir

Performance Metrics in Air Traffic Management Systems. A Case Study of Isavia s Air Traffic Management System. by Hulda Ástþórsdóttir Performance Metrics in Air Traffic Management Systems A Case Study of Isavia s Air Traffic Management System by Hulda Ástþórsdóttir Thesis Master of Science in Engineering Management May 2013 Performance

More information

Margverðlaunuð Philips-sjónvörp

Margverðlaunuð Philips-sjónvörp SJÓNVÖRP MÁNUDAGUR 30. SEPTEMBER 2013 Kynningarblað Philips, IKEA, Vodafone, OZ, kvikmyndir, þættir og sagan. Margverðlaunuð Philips-sjónvörp Heimilistæki hafa selt Philips-sjónvörp allt frá því að sjónvarpsútsendingar

More information

Self-Identity in Modernity

Self-Identity in Modernity University of Akureyri School of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Social Sciences Social Studies 2011 Self-Identity in Modernity Marta Björg Hermannsdóttir Final Thesis in the Faculty of Humanities

More information

Icelandic university students English reading skills

Icelandic university students English reading skills MÁLFRÍÐUR 15 Icelandic university students English reading skills Robert Berman. Róbert Berman er dósent í ensku á menntavísindasviði Háskóla Íslands. Reading at university is one of the most important

More information

EV PRIMER BASIC INFORMATION (Range, Speeds, Terrain)

EV PRIMER BASIC INFORMATION (Range, Speeds, Terrain) EV PRIMER BASIC INFORMATION (Range, Speeds, Terrain) With gasoline approaching $3/gal, we have been swamped with Catalog requests, calculations, and more. So we want to provide basic information to help

More information

Hugvísindasvið. Ragnar Kjartansson. Þversögn leikarans í vídeóverkunum. Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs. Auður Mikaelsdóttir

Hugvísindasvið. Ragnar Kjartansson. Þversögn leikarans í vídeóverkunum. Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs. Auður Mikaelsdóttir Hugvísindasvið Ragnar Kjartansson Þversögn leikarans í vídeóverkunum Ritgerð til B.A.-prófs Auður Mikaelsdóttir Janúar 2011 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindadeild Listfræði Ragnar Kjartansson Þversögn leikarans

More information

NEAR-OPTIMAL STAFF SCHEDULING USING A MIXED INTEGER MODEL

NEAR-OPTIMAL STAFF SCHEDULING USING A MIXED INTEGER MODEL NEAR-OPTIMAL STAFF SCHEDULING USING A MIXED INTEGER MODEL May 2011 Guðríður Lilla Sigurðardóttir Master of Science in Decision Engineering NEAR-OPTIMAL STAFF SCHEDULING USING A MIXED INTEGER MODEL Guðríður

More information

PV Meets EV. David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO

PV Meets EV. David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES Hybrid Electric Vehicles HEV s HEV s have been on the market for over 10 years. They have a battery powered electric motor coupled with a

More information

鋰 電 池 技 術 及 產 業 發 展 趨 勢

鋰 電 池 技 術 及 產 業 發 展 趨 勢 鋰 電 池 技 術 及 產 業 發 展 趨 勢 潘 金 平 E-mail: jppan@itri.org.tw Tel: 035-915148 工 業 技 術 研 究 院 材 料 與 化 工 研 究 所 2011/3/22 鋰 電 池 電 動 車 生 產 狀 況 EV Benefits: Cost saving (fuel and maintenance) Reduce/eliminate CO2

More information

Supercapacitors in Micro- and Mild Hybrids with Lithium Titanate Oxide Batteries: Vehicle Simulations and Laboratory Tests

Supercapacitors in Micro- and Mild Hybrids with Lithium Titanate Oxide Batteries: Vehicle Simulations and Laboratory Tests Research Report UCD-ITS-RR-15-20 Supercapacitors in Micro- and Mild Hybrids with Lithium Titanate Oxide Batteries: Vehicle Simulations and Laboratory Tests December 2015 Andrew Burke Jingyuan Zhao Institute

More information

Ametek Prestolite Power AC power / Charger / Battery terms

Ametek Prestolite Power AC power / Charger / Battery terms Ametek Prestolite Power AC power / Charger / Battery terms Basic Values: Voltage: The potential difference at the battery (DC) or at the charger input (AC) measured in Volts. Current: The rate of flow

More information

SUCCESS EPCOS Capacitors

SUCCESS EPCOS Capacitors SUCCESS EPCOS Inc. Capacitors Group April, 2012 EV / HV / E-Mobility Battery charger system & Inverter On Board and Off Board Assembly Trend: Wireless Charging DC/DC Converter Filtering DC Link E-Mobility

More information

IAA Commercial Vehicles Battery Technology. September 29 th, 2010

IAA Commercial Vehicles Battery Technology. September 29 th, 2010 IAA Commercial Vehicles Battery Technology September 29 th, 2010 Table of contents Introduction of SB LiMotive Li-Ion cells Automotive Li-Ion batteries Conclusion Page 2 Introduction of SB LiMotive JV

More information

Quality Status and Quality Aspects in The Icelandic Construction Industry. by Sandra Dís Dagbjartsdóttir

Quality Status and Quality Aspects in The Icelandic Construction Industry. by Sandra Dís Dagbjartsdóttir Quality Status and Quality Aspects in The Icelandic Construction Industry by Sandra Dís Dagbjartsdóttir Thesis Master of Science in Civil Engineering with Specialization in Construction Management May

More information

Volvo Cars, Plug-In Hybrid Concept Development

Volvo Cars, Plug-In Hybrid Concept Development Volvo Cars, Plug-In Hybrid Concept Development The background of V60 Plug-In Hybrid Concept as presented internally at Volvo Car Corporation in May 2008 Klas Niste Project leader for Advanced Project for

More information

WANXIANG TS16949 CERTIFIED

WANXIANG TS16949 CERTIFIED Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Profile of Wanxiang Profile of Wanxiang Wanxiang Electrical Vehicle Profile of Wanxiang Wanxiang Group The Second Largest Non-State- Owned Company Headquartered in Hangzhou, China

More information

Performance Testing of Lithium-ion Batteries of Various Chemistries for EV and PHEV Applications

Performance Testing of Lithium-ion Batteries of Various Chemistries for EV and PHEV Applications Performance Testing of Lithium-ion Batteries of Various Chemistries for EV and PHEV Applications Andrew Burke University of California-Davis Institute of Transportation Studies 2009 ZEV Symposium Sacramento,

More information

Engineering at Illinois

Engineering at Illinois Emerging Hybrid and Electric Vehicles and Their Impact on Energy and Emissions P. T. Krein Director, Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

More information

Charging connections for electric vehicles

Charging connections for electric vehicles Charging connections for electric vehicles RATIO ELECTRIC Welcome to the EV Charging catalogue of Ratio Electric. Here you find the best products to connect your plug-in hybrid or full electric vehicle

More information

Contactless Power Transfer : Inductive charging of EV

Contactless Power Transfer : Inductive charging of EV Contactless Power Transfer : Inductive charging of EV 7-12-2010 P.Bauer Delft University of Technology Challenge the future EV have to be charged December 7, 2010 2 2 Chicken and egg problem December 7,

More information

Effects of Parental Involvement in Education

Effects of Parental Involvement in Education Effects of Parental Involvement in Education A Case Study in Namibia Guðlaug Erlendsdóttir M.Ed. Thesis University of Iceland School of Education Effects of Parental Involvement in Education A Case Study

More information

Experimental Analysis of Facebook Marketing Using Conjoint Analysis and Eye Scanning

Experimental Analysis of Facebook Marketing Using Conjoint Analysis and Eye Scanning Experimental Analysis of Facebook Marketing Using Conjoint Analysis and Eye Scanning Hildur Einarsdóttir 2013 BSc in Psychology Author name: Hildur Einarsdóttir Author ID number: 140285-2429 Department

More information

Plugging In: A Consumer s Guide to the Electric Vehicle

Plugging In: A Consumer s Guide to the Electric Vehicle Plugging In: A Consumer s Guide to the Electric Vehicle Today s Choices in Cars Late in 2010 the first mass-produced electric vehicles hit dealer showrooms, bringing car buyers a new, electric option.

More information

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF LITHIUM- ION BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MILD HYBRID VEHICLE APPLICATION

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF LITHIUM- ION BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MILD HYBRID VEHICLE APPLICATION DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF LITHIUM- ION BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MILD HYBRID VEHICLE APPLICATION Ahmed Imtiaz Uddin, Jerry Ku, Wayne State University Outline Introduction Model development Modeling

More information

Managing A123 Cells with FMA Cell Balancing Technologies

Managing A123 Cells with FMA Cell Balancing Technologies Managing A123 Cells with FMA Cell Balancing Technologies By FMA Staff Latest revision: March 23, 2007 Document provided by FMA, Inc. 5716A Industry Lane Frederick, MD 21704 U.S.A. Phone: (800) 343-2934

More information

Electric Forklift Trucks Capacity 5000 and 6000 lbs. RX60-25C and RX60-30C SERIES RX60

Electric Forklift Trucks Capacity 5000 and 6000 lbs. RX60-25C and RX60-30C SERIES RX60 Electric Forklift Trucks Capacity 5000 and 6000 lbs. RX60-25C and RX60-30C SERIES RX60 Safety To adapt to different operating conditions and customer requirements, all performance parameters are adjustable.

More information

Cella Energy Safe, low cost hydrogen storage. Chris Hobbs

Cella Energy Safe, low cost hydrogen storage. Chris Hobbs Cella Energy Safe, low cost hydrogen storage Chris Hobbs Cella Material Solid State Hydrogen Storage Plastic like pellet formedmaterial 1 litre H 2 per gram Low toxicity can be handled Heated above 120⁰C

More information

High Energy Rechargeable Li-S Cells for EV Application. Status, Challenges and Solutions

High Energy Rechargeable Li-S Cells for EV Application. Status, Challenges and Solutions High Energy Rechargeable Li-S Cells for EV Application. Status, Challenges and Solutions Yuriy Mikhaylik, Igor Kovalev, Riley Schock, Karthikeyan Kumaresan, Jason Xu and John Affinito Sion Power Corporation

More information

Analysis of Ultracapacitor-VRLA Energy Storage Systems for Mild Hybrids

Analysis of Ultracapacitor-VRLA Energy Storage Systems for Mild Hybrids Analysis of Ultracapacitor-VRLA Energy Storage Systems for Mild Hybrids Tony Markel, Ahmad Pesaran, and Sam Sprik ahmad_pesaran@nrel.gov 5 th Advanced Automotive Battery Conference Honolulu, Hawaii June

More information

PV (photovoltaic) Basics There are generally two types of PV systems. The first and easiest (though the least flexible) is a grid tie system where

PV (photovoltaic) Basics There are generally two types of PV systems. The first and easiest (though the least flexible) is a grid tie system where PV (photovoltaic) Basics There are generally two types of PV systems. The first and easiest (though the least flexible) is a grid tie system where the power generated by the solar panel (panels) runs an

More information

5.12.2009 - EEA AGREEMENT - ANNEX IV p. 1 ANNEX IV ENERGY. List provided for in Article 24

5.12.2009 - EEA AGREEMENT - ANNEX IV p. 1 ANNEX IV ENERGY. List provided for in Article 24 5.12.2009 - EEA AGREEMENT - ANNEX IV p. 1 ANNEX IV ENERGY List provided for in Article 24 INTRODUCTION When the acts referred to in this Annex contain notions or refer to procedures which are specific

More information

Emergency Response. Prepared for Fire Service, Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical, and Professional Towing Personnel by American Honda Motor Co., Inc.

Emergency Response. Prepared for Fire Service, Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical, and Professional Towing Personnel by American Honda Motor Co., Inc. Emergency Response Guide 2013 Prepared for Fire Service, Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical, and Professional Towing Personnel by American Honda Motor Co., Inc. Introduction This guide has been prepared

More information

Lithium Iron Phosphate High Current Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries

Lithium Iron Phosphate High Current Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries 1 of 5 8/21/2006 2:37 PM Lithium Iron Phosphate High Current Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries Lithium Iron phosphate batteries are safer than Lithium-ion cells, and are available in 10 and 20 AH packs

More information

hybrid fuel cell bus

hybrid fuel cell bus hybrid fuel cell bus PURE EMOTION PURE capacity The full passenger capacity of a standard diesel bus seats 34 standees 70 (7 passengers per sqm) total 104 Thanks to the three axles of the Van Hool A330

More information

ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND ESTIMATION OF COSTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND ESTIMATION OF COSTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND ESTIMATION OF COSTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY A dissertation by Pétur Björn Thorsteinsson 30 ECTS credit thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering in partial fulllment of

More information

I = V/r P = VI. I = P/V = 100 W / 6 V = 16.66 amps. What would happen if you use a 12-volt battery and a 12-volt light bulb to get 100 watts of power?

I = V/r P = VI. I = P/V = 100 W / 6 V = 16.66 amps. What would happen if you use a 12-volt battery and a 12-volt light bulb to get 100 watts of power? Volts, Amps and Ohms Measuring Electricity The three most basic units in electricity are voltage (V), current (I) and resistance (r). Voltage is measured in volts, current is measured in amps and resistance

More information

Master s Thesis. Cross-Cultural issues at Icelandic workplaces

Master s Thesis. Cross-Cultural issues at Icelandic workplaces Master s Thesis Submitted to: Reykjavík University School of Business V-702-ORBE Organizational Behavior 2012-3 Cross-Cultural issues at Icelandic workplaces Aya Arakaki 01/01/2013 Supervisor Jean M. Phillips,

More information

A reasonable, new furnace (mid efficiency) has the following electrical requirements:

A reasonable, new furnace (mid efficiency) has the following electrical requirements: June 2007 Power Backup Systems for Your Home. As promised from a previous safety meeting, a couple of options to protect you home in the event of a power failure. These options are for the most serious,

More information

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement Between The California Air Resources Board and Lockheed-Martin Idaho Technologies Company FINAL REPORT

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement Between The California Air Resources Board and Lockheed-Martin Idaho Technologies Company FINAL REPORT INEEL/EXT-98/00410 APRIL 1998 Idaho Natiunal Engineering Laboratory Cooperative Research and Development Agreement Between The California Air Resources Board and Lockheed-Martin Idaho Technologies Company

More information

Power your CPAP machine no matter where your world takes you!

Power your CPAP machine no matter where your world takes you! Power your CPAP machine no matter where your world takes you! Giving CPAP users the freedom to experience new adventures on the road! Your CPAP machine doesn t have to keep you from enjoying the great

More information

Emergency Response Guide

Emergency Response Guide Emergency Response Guide For Hybrid Vehicles 2012 Model Year Edition Contents Introduction 1 Part 1: Information for All Honda Hybrids Vehicle Description 2 Identifying a Honda Hybrid 2 Gasoline Engine

More information

Vorráðstefna. Ágrip erinda og veggspjalda. Haldin í Öskju, Náttúrufræðahúsi Háskóla Íslands

Vorráðstefna. Ágrip erinda og veggspjalda. Haldin í Öskju, Náttúrufræðahúsi Háskóla Íslands Ágrip erinda og veggspjalda Haldin í Öskju, Náttúrufræðahúsi Háskóla Íslands 28.apríl 2009 Dagskrá Vorráðstefnu JFÍ 28.apríl 2009 08:30-09:00 Skráning Fundarstjóri Þorsteinn Sæmundsson 09:00-09:05 Setning

More information

LITHIUM-ION ENERGY MODULES HEM & HPM SERIES

LITHIUM-ION ENERGY MODULES HEM & HPM SERIES High Efficiency by leading edge Lithium-Ion technology Maximum energy density by compact design Easy installation by central connector Highest power output by integrated energy management system Long lifetime

More information

Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries An Ideal Technology for Ham Radio? Bob Beatty, WB4SON Bob Beatty, WB4SON July 8, 2013 A History of Battery Development 1791 Luigi Galvani ( Animal Electricity Frogs beware)

More information

An Approach for Designing Thermal Management Systems for EV and HEV Battery Packs

An Approach for Designing Thermal Management Systems for EV and HEV Battery Packs An Approach for Designing Thermal Management Systems for EV and HEV Battery Packs 4th Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Conference London, UK May 24-27, 1999 Ahmad A. Pesaran, Ph.D. Steven D. Burch Matthew

More information

Emergency Response Guide

Emergency Response Guide Emergency Response Guide Honda Fuel Cell Vehicle Prepared for Fire Service, Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical, and Professional Towing Personnel by American Honda Motor Co., Inc. Contents Key Components...2

More information

The car safety and more

The car safety and more Making electrotechnology work for you. The car safety and more IEC work in support of the automotive industry and electric cars Scope of IEC work Literally dozens of Technical Committees and thousands

More information

Carefree Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) MSDS

Carefree Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) MSDS EaglePicher Technologies, LLC Commercial Power P.O. Box 47 Joplin, MO 6482 (417) 623-8 inquiry.carefree@eaglepicher.com Carefree Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) MSDS EaglePicher s Carefree lead acid batteries are

More information

Feasibility Study of Sustainable Energy to Power Wastewater Treatment Plants for Islands

Feasibility Study of Sustainable Energy to Power Wastewater Treatment Plants for Islands Feasibility Study of Sustainable Energy to Power Wastewater Treatment Plants for Islands Gunbold G. Bold Final thesis for B.Sc. degree Keilir Institute of Technology University of Iceland School of Engineering

More information

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION 1999 CHRYSLER EPIC WITH SAFT NICKEL/METAL-HYDRIDE BATTERY

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION 1999 CHRYSLER EPIC WITH SAFT NICKEL/METAL-HYDRIDE BATTERY PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION 1999 CHRYSLER EPIC WITH SAFT NICKEL/METAL-HYDRIDE BATTERY ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION DIVISION Report prepared by: Ben Sanchez Juan Argueta November 1999 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES

More information

Li-Polymer Battery Technology Specification

Li-Polymer Battery Technology Specification Li-Polymer Battery Technology Specification Customer Part name Li-Polymer Battery Model No LIPO 552035 350mAh 3.7V Serial No Produce No Approved by Drafted by Xiao li Checked by Signed by Wenfei liang

More information

A Cost Comparison of Fuel-Cell and Battery Electric Vehicles

A Cost Comparison of Fuel-Cell and Battery Electric Vehicles A Cost Comparison of Fuel-Cell and Battery Electric Vehicles Abstract Stephen Eaves *, James Eaves Eaves Devices, Charlestown, RI, Arizona State University-East, Mesa, AZ This paper compares the manufacturing

More information

User s Manual Before using the inverter, you need to read and save the safety instructions.

User s Manual Before using the inverter, you need to read and save the safety instructions. User s Manual Before using the inverter, you need to read and save the safety instructions. STI SERIES (STI200, STI300, STI500, STI700, STI1000) Power Frequency Pure Sine Wave Inverter The information

More information

LIST OF CONTENTS STARTING DEVICES. Bull Starter 12V Bull Starter 12/24 V Genesis EP16 Memory Saver P 3 Professional Booster Cables for Car and Truck

LIST OF CONTENTS STARTING DEVICES. Bull Starter 12V Bull Starter 12/24 V Genesis EP16 Memory Saver P 3 Professional Booster Cables for Car and Truck LIST OF CONTENTS STARTING DEVICES Bull Starter 12V Bull Starter 12/24 V Genesis EP16 Memory Saver P 3 Professional Booster Cables for Car and Truck BULL STARTER 12 V The Banner booster for professionals!

More information

The Basics of Solar Power for Producing Electricity An excellent place to start for those just beginning. The basics of solar power: 1000 W/m²

The Basics of Solar Power for Producing Electricity An excellent place to start for those just beginning. The basics of solar power: 1000 W/m² The Basics of Solar Power for Producing Electricity Learn the essential basics of using solar power so you can understand your project. Planning your project begins with understanding the basics found

More information

Fuel Infrastructure Costs: electricity vs. hydrogen

Fuel Infrastructure Costs: electricity vs. hydrogen Electricity outlet fuel infrastructure. Type I 120 V conventional home outlets would not be sufficient to charge most BEVs or PHEVs. As summarized in Table 1, it will take between 10 to 28 hours 1 to charge

More information

Specification. Li-ion Rechargeable Battery

Specification. Li-ion Rechargeable Battery Specification of Li-ion Rechargeable Battery Model No.: 18650CA-1S-3J Reported by: 陈 声 宇 Date: Oct,17,2013 Checked by: Approved by: Date: Date: 1. Scope This specification describes the definition, technical

More information

Sony s Energy Storage System. The Sony Lithium Ion Iron Phosphate (LFP) advantage

Sony s Energy Storage System. The Sony Lithium Ion Iron Phosphate (LFP) advantage Sony s Energy Storage System The Sony Lithium Ion Iron Phosphate (LFP) advantage Sony Overview & highlights Sony Corporation Founded May 7, 1946 Headquarters Tokyo, Japan Chairman, CEO and President Kazuo

More information

Stand Alone PV System Sizing Worksheet (example)

Stand Alone PV System Sizing Worksheet (example) Stand Alone PV System Sizing Worksheet (example) Application: Stand alone camp system 7 miles off grid Location: Baton Rouge, La Latitude: 31.53 N A. Loads A1 Inverter efficiency 85 A2 Battery Bus voltage

More information

SENSORED BRUSHLESS MOTOR & SPEED CONTROLLER COMBOS

SENSORED BRUSHLESS MOTOR & SPEED CONTROLLER COMBOS SENSORED BRUSHLESS MOTOR & SPEED CONTROLLER COMBOS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Please keep for future reference Thank you for purchasing this Exceed brushless motor and speed controller combo. We are sure you

More information

Electric Motorcycle Conversion Project

Electric Motorcycle Conversion Project 2 Electric Motorcycle Conversion Project (Mechanical Engineering Electric Vehicle) ME-EV Justin Cole Kris Williams Todd Sanderson Chad Dickman MECE 491 Systems 2 Dr. Steranka Dr. Yu 3 Table of Contents

More information

Electric Battery Actual and future Battery Technology Trends

Electric Battery Actual and future Battery Technology Trends Electric Battery Actual and future Battery Technology Trends Peter Birke Senior Technical Expert Battery Systems Business Unit Hybrid Electric Vehicles Continental AG Co-authors: Michael Keller, Michael

More information

How To Powertrain A Car With A Hybrid Powertrain

How To Powertrain A Car With A Hybrid Powertrain ELECTRIFICATION OF VEHICLE DRIVE TRAIN THE DIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING CHALLENGES A3PS Conference, Vienna Dr. Frank Beste AVL List GmbH 1 Motivation for Powertrain Electrification Global Megatrends: Urbanization

More information

Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors Power and Energy Versions

Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors Power and Energy Versions Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors Power and Energy Versions FEATURES Polarized energy storage capacitor with high capacity and energy density Energy version with high stability available

More information

Height w/o Terminals (in)

Height w/o Terminals (in) EaglePicher Technologies, LLC Commercial Power P.O. Box 47 Joplin, MO 6482 (417) 623-8 inquiry.carefree@eaglepicher.com Carefree Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) MSDS EaglePicher s Carefree lead acid batteries are

More information

Table Of Contents 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9-11 12 12-13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20-21 22 22 23 24 24 24

Table Of Contents 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9-11 12 12-13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20-21 22 22 23 24 24 24 USER S GUIDE Table Of Contents Package Contents Accessories: Sold Separately Product Specifications Intended Use Compatibility ResMed Device Warning Battery Pack Run Times Power Backup Usage Getting Started

More information

Hybrid Electric Powertrain Fuel Consumption Reduction Cost Effectiveness Trade-Offs

Hybrid Electric Powertrain Fuel Consumption Reduction Cost Effectiveness Trade-Offs Hybrid Electric Powertrain Fuel Consumption Reduction Cost Effectiveness Trade-Offs Presentation at the 24 th USAEE/IAEE North American Conference Energy, Environment and Economics in a New Era July 8-10,

More information

Data Driven Approach to Sports Management: A Case Study Using Major League Baseball

Data Driven Approach to Sports Management: A Case Study Using Major League Baseball Data Driven Approach to Sports Management: A Case Study Using Major League Baseball Jón Ragnar Guðmundsson Thesis of 30 ECTS credits Master of Science in Engineering Management June 2015 Data Driven Approach

More information

Solar Powered Wireless Sensors & Instrumentation: Energy Harvesting Technology Reduces Operating Cost at Remote Sites

Solar Powered Wireless Sensors & Instrumentation: Energy Harvesting Technology Reduces Operating Cost at Remote Sites Solar Powered Wireless Sensors & Instrumentation: Energy Harvesting Technology Reduces Operating Cost at Remote Sites Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits Michael

More information

Height w/o Terminals (in)

Height w/o Terminals (in) EaglePicher Technologies, LLC Commercial Power P.O. Box 47 Joplin, MO 6482 (417) 623-8 inquiry.carefree@eaglepicher.com Carefree Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) MSDS EaglePicher s Carefree lead acid batteries are

More information

Charger Output AC Ripple Voltage and the affect on VRLA batteries

Charger Output AC Ripple Voltage and the affect on VRLA batteries TECHNICAL BULLETIN 41-2131 Charger Output AC Ripple Voltage and the affect on VRLA batteries Please Note: The information in this technical bulletin was developed for C&D Dynasty 12 Volt VRLA products.

More information

Battery Model: 25 Part Number: 8025-160 Nominal Voltage: 12 volts NSN: Number applied for, product currently available

Battery Model: 25 Part Number: 8025-160 Nominal Voltage: 12 volts NSN: Number applied for, product currently available Battery Model: 25 Part Number: 8025-160 Nominal Voltage: 12 volts NSN: Number applied for, product currently available Battery Model: 35 Part Number: 8020-164 Nominal Voltage: 12 volts NSN: Number applied

More information

Utilizing External Information in Continuous Innovation Processes:

Utilizing External Information in Continuous Innovation Processes: Utilizing External Information in Continuous Innovation Processes: The impact of managerial IT skills and supportive capabilities on the innovativeness of multinational companies Gunnar Óskarsson Supervisor:

More information

Spacecraft Power Systems

Spacecraft Power Systems Spacecraft Power Systems AOE 4065 Space Design Refs: SMAD Chap 11.4, G&F Chap 10, F&S Chap 11, P&M Chap 6 Electrical Power Subsystem (EPS) Functions Supply electrical power to spacecraft loads Control

More information

Drive Towards Zero, Volvo Cars Manufacturing Engineering, Luc Semeese Issue date: 2010-04-20, Security Class: Propriety Page 1

Drive Towards Zero, Volvo Cars Manufacturing Engineering, Luc Semeese Issue date: 2010-04-20, Security Class: Propriety Page 1 Page 1 Volvo Cars Electrification Strategy DRIVe Towards Zero Brussels April 20th 2010 Luc Semeese Director - Volvo Cars Manufacturing Engineering Page 2 Company philosophy : DRIVe towards Zero! Zero accidents

More information

Product Specification

Product Specification Sheet 1/7 Polymer Lithium-ion Battery (For high discharge ratio battery) Model:GEB201212C General Electronics Battery Co., Ltd. Address: Huihuang Industrial Building, Huada Road, Dalang, Longhua, Baoan

More information

Li-ion Rechargeable Battery. Specification

Li-ion Rechargeable Battery. Specification Customer: Specification Model: GMB043450S Prepared By/Date Checked By/Date Approved By/Date Note:1.Kindly please sign on the above and send it back to us if the sample is approved. 2.Kindly please contact

More information

Effects of AC Ripple Current on VRLA Battery Life. A Technical Note from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity

Effects of AC Ripple Current on VRLA Battery Life. A Technical Note from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity Effects of AC Ripple Current on VRLA Battery Life A Technical Note from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity Introduction Given the importance of battery life to UPS system users and the fact that

More information

Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive

Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive ZWE150 Series Foreword This guide was developed to educate and assist dismantlers in the safe handling of Toyota Auris gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles. Auris hybrid

More information

Connection method for charging systems a key element for electric vehicles

Connection method for charging systems a key element for electric vehicles Connection method for charging systems a key element for electric vehicles By Claude Ricaud and Philippe Vollet > Abstract At the heart of the energy and environmental challenges, the electric vehicle

More information

How To Make A Car In China

How To Make A Car In China Research and Development of Electric Vehicle in China and Latest Trends on Diffusion China Automotive Technology & Research Center (CATARC) Ma JianYong majianyong@catarc.ac.cn 1. Research and manufacture

More information

The Audi A3 Sportback e-tron

The Audi A3 Sportback e-tron The Audi A3 Sportback e-tron The A3 Sportback e-tron* from Audi is a latest-generation plug-in-hybrid car. The premium compact vehicle will go on sale from 2014 and is a genuine Audi. It combines sporty

More information

High-power battery for back-up of telematic systems in cars

High-power battery for back-up of telematic systems in cars High-power battery for back-up of telematic systems in cars by Dr. Thomas Dittrich, Tadiran Batteries GmbH When it comes to batteries in cars, people usually refer to the SLI battery. Since fuel is getting

More information

Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive

Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Synergy Drive ZVW4# Series Foreword This guide was developed to educate and assist dismantlers in the safe handling of Toyota PRIUS +/PRIUS v gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles.

More information

Inside the Nickel Metal Hydride Battery

Inside the Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Inside the Nickel Metal Hydride Battery John J.C. Kopera Cobasys 5 June 004 Inside the NiMH Battery Introduction The Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery has become pervasive in today s technology climate,

More information

E-WERK Bike-mobile hub dynamo powered supply unit for electronic devices. Instruction manual. Please study carefully before using E-WERK!

E-WERK Bike-mobile hub dynamo powered supply unit for electronic devices. Instruction manual. Please study carefully before using E-WERK! E-WERK Bike-mobile hub dynamo powered supply unit for electronic devices Instruction manual. Please study carefully before using E-WERK! Capable of powering small electronic devices e.g. mobile phone,

More information

Mild Hybrids. Virtual

Mild Hybrids. Virtual PAGE 20 CUSTOMERS The new 48-volt vehicle electrical system is opening up new possibilities for powerful, cost-efficient hybrid drives. This leads to new challenges for validating the installed power electronics.

More information

Battery Cell Balancing: What to Balance and How

Battery Cell Balancing: What to Balance and How Battery Cell Balancing: What to Balance and How Yevgen Barsukov, Texas Instruments ABSTRACT Different algorithms of cell balancing are often discussed when multiple serial cells are used in a battery pack

More information

The Tesla Roadster battery pack is comprised of about 6800 of these 18650 cells, and the entire pack has a mass of about 450kg.

The Tesla Roadster battery pack is comprised of about 6800 of these 18650 cells, and the entire pack has a mass of about 450kg. The Tesla Roadster Battery System Tesla Motors August 16, 2006 By Gene Berdichevsky, Kurt Kelty, JB Straubel and Erik Toomre Summary This paper provides details about the design of the Tesla Roadster s

More information

063450 LI-POLYMER BATTERY PACKS. Specification. Type:063450 1000mAh. Prepared/Date Auditing/Date Approved/Date WANG MAR 16, 2006 LI MAR 16, 2006

063450 LI-POLYMER BATTERY PACKS. Specification. Type:063450 1000mAh. Prepared/Date Auditing/Date Approved/Date WANG MAR 16, 2006 LI MAR 16, 2006 063450 LI-POLYMER BATTERY PACKS Specification Type:063450 1000mAh Prepared/Date Auditing/Date Approved/Date WANG MAR 16, 2006 LI MAR 16, 2006 XIONG MAR 16, 2006 Sheet 1/5 1 Scope This product specification

More information

Hand Crank Generator (9 May 05) Converting a Portable Cordless Drill to a Hand Crank DC Generator

Hand Crank Generator (9 May 05) Converting a Portable Cordless Drill to a Hand Crank DC Generator Converting a Portable Cordless Drill to a Hand Crank DC Generator The unit is light weight (2.5 lb), portable, low cost ($10-$20) and can be used to recharge single cell batteries at from 1-3.5 amps. It

More information