November 22, They discovered hard X-ray emission from several absorbed AGNs, which implies that as shown in figure 4.

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1 ( ) November 22, could was able to We can t measure it. It s difficult to estimate. 2. could was (were) able to 3. that (it is known that.. ) that 4. that (nesting) These authors describe that their results were calculated assuming that the systematic error is negligible. As these authors describe, their results were calculated assuming that the systematic error is negligible. 5. She analyzed the optical data, while the X-ray data were processed by her collaborators. The optical data were analyzed by her, while the X-ray data by her collaborators. 6. Using equation (1), as shown in figure 2, we have calculated the absorption coefficient. In figure 2, we show the absorption coefficient calculated using equation (1). 7. which They discovered hard X-ray emission from several absorbed AGNs, which implies that as shown in figure 4. We estimated power density spectra of the object using the optical light curve by Smith et al. (2004), as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 estimated Figure 3 shows power density spectra of the object, which we estimated using the optical light curve by Smith et al. (2004). As shown in Figure 3, we calculated power density spectra of the object using... 1

2 1.2 for 1. for For an elephant, the nose is long. An elephant has a long nose. for for for example, for the sake of, for the first time, for the purpose of, for this reason,for a long time, wait for, look for, ask for, except for,..., For 2. search A for B, examine A for B, analyze A for B, survey A for B I searched a number of references for that report. We it examined the data for various systematic errors. We analyzed the X-ray spectra of this SNR for Fe-K and Fe-L emission lines as for (as to)..., with regard to, as regards.. As for the CPU of this system, we employ two Pentium-5 s. We construct the CPU of this system employing two Pentium-5 s. The CPU of this system is composed of two Pentium-5 s. Two Pentium-5 sconssitute the CPU of this system until (till) by until by remain, stay until arrive, finish by You may stay outside until sunset. You must come back by sunset. 2. (intensive quantity) high low (extensive quantity) large small high temperature emission, a low luminosity AGN, a large area counter, a high pressue system ( ) large pressure gas the pressure is large 3. dependency dependence dependency ( ) 4. relationship relation relatioinship ( ) 5. inter- intra- international interstellar inter+ intra+ intragalactic medium intersellar medium intergalactic medium intracluster medium 6. 2 ambiguous uncertain inaccurate uncertain ambiguous 2

3 1.4 She He ( ) 1. In order to study the Fe-K emission from broad line radio galaxies, we observed 10 representative broad line radio galaxies with ASCA. 10 representative objects of this class The first observation was done in 2004 October 20, and the second on 2004 December 11. The object brightened by a factor of 2.5 between the two observations. between the two observations meanwhile (or meantime) Among nearby red giant stars, this one is probably the best known star. star object 2. This experiment uses a proportional counter as the main detector, which is filled with Xenon to a pressure of 1.2 atm. As the main detector, this experiment uses a proportional counter which is filled with Xenon to a pressure of 1.2 atm. 3. it that 1.5 ( ) 1. however, nevertheless, although, on the other hand, in contrast 2. first first of all next as a next step 3. Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, Therefore, Consequently, Accordingly, However, On the other hand, In contrast, Nevertheless, In contrast to the preceding argument,.. In addition to the above theoretical prediction, As a result of the discussion presented so far, the 4. ( ) A4 single column 10 ± (countable) (uncountable) a+ the+ the+ the+ 2. the a the the 3

4 Yesterday, I met a professor and his younger brogher. The professor is famous as a philosopher,... the He The professor 3. a the Do you keep a dog? Yes, the dog is kept indoor. 4. the They used the Subaru telescope. The origin of life has always been an important part of his research. 5. other(s) the other(s) the other(s) other(s) ( ) Tom, Susie, and Kate attended the meeting. Susie gave a talk, while the others did not. the others Tom Kate the While Susie gave a talk, others from the same group did not. the Some drank beer, while the others whysky. the 6. the number of stars a number of stars the nature ( Nature) the nature The nature of these phenomena is of keen interest to us. 7. another an+other an another, the another either the either person the both the Both the boy and his mother went to school. the 8. Figure 1, equation (2), Table 3 the source A, region B, experiment 4, sample 5, the Source A, Region B, Experiment 4, Sample 5, 9. the the Suzaku satellite, the Subaru telescope, the Chandra operation team the 10. the HXD, the ASCA GIS the HXD-DE, GIS-AE, XIS-1 the A, B,,,,, and Z and and 2. respectively {a, b, c,,, and z} {A, B, C,.., and Z} a A b B,.., z Z respectively Tom and Susie have apples and oranges, respectively. respectively Tom has apples while Susie has oranges, respectively. respectively 4

5 3. both A B The detector assembly contains both a preamplifier and a shaping amplifier. both In this phoswich configutation, both scintillators are viewed by a single phototube. PMT both 4. Both will do. Either will do. You can get to the station from either route. both route both ends, either ends either end, either side There are shops on either side of the street. 5. both A and B either A or B A and B A or B I did not eat or drink for half a day. did not eat and drink 6. dead time, high volatage, large area, The detector has a large area. We use a large-area detector. 7. all both I don t know al of them. I don t know any of them. I know none of them. You don t need both books, do you? You dont need either book, do you? 8. therefore however therfore certainly therfore, ; therefore and hence Being very difficult, the experiment therefore takes a long time. This experiment is very difficult, therefore it takes a long time We decided to do the experiment again, applying higher voltages to the detector. Because the detector gain was found to be too low. Because This is because the detector gain was... because Why were you absent yesterday? Because I was somewhat sick. why While, the second observation was a great success.. while whereas While In contrast, On the other hand, On the contrary, While I went to school, while he was asleep. While he was asleep, I went to school because since I don t like him because he is impolite. since (ambiguity) same the as She is the same lady as I met last month... as (the) same as.. the same as.. in the same way as.. We processed new data in the same way as the old data. We processed new data the same as the old data. 5

6 ( ) outside (inside) of.. outiside/inseide of You may find a post office inside that building. inside of that building semicolon (;) colon (:) comma (,), semicolon, colon, period (.) red: PN, black: MOS1, breen: MOS2 red // PN, black // MOS1, green The transparency of this crystal is higher than that of ordinary glasses. transparency that of This crystal has a higher transparency than ordinary glasses. that of ( ) than ordinary glasses have have (vt) (vi) see, hear, eat ( ) listen ( ), look ( ) look at a picture, listen to me at to 2. mention, discuss, describe, reach, resemble // mention to the method, discuss about the result, describe on details, she resembles to her mother, reach to the station 3. occur, remain, originate,.. This emission is originated from relativistic electrons. This emission originates from relativistic electrons. An X-ray bust was occurred on that occasion. An X-ray bust occurred on that occasion reveal exhibit reveal exhibit On this diagram, the measured data points it exhibit a large scatter. This diagram reveals a large scatter of the measured data points. 2. indicate suggest, discuss, argue ( ) +indicate These authors indicated that something was wrong with the detector. indicate report, suggest, argue, insist, The data indicated that something was wrong with the detector. 3. In Figure 2, we show a spectrum corrected for background. correct the spectrum for deadtime correct spectrum In Figure 2, we show a spectrum subtracted with background. subtract background spectrum In Figure 2, we show a background-subtracted spectrum. In Figure 2, we show a spectrum from which the background is already subtracted. 6

7 4. The power spectrum measured in this experiment is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 shows the power spectrum obtained in this experiment. In Figure 6, we present the power spectrum obtained in this experiment. we we 1/3 we (countable) (uncountable) apple, dog, book, car peace, love life (a life, lives) ( ) 2.1 information, behavior, evidence an information an evidence informations, bhaviors, evidences the There are three pieses of evidence. 2. sample ( ) a large sample many samples a city with a large population enlarge the sample increase samples This statistical study employs two separate samples, one selected from optical database while the other from X-ray catalogs. The X-ray sample is rather small, but each every individual We analyzed data from each measurements. We analyzed data from individual measurements. 4. x y coordinates This object is located at Galactic coordinates of (l, b) = (23. 5, 5. 8). 5. one of one of them one of her one of him This is one of the X-ray brightest SNRs in the sky increased by a factor of five ( 5) a doubled tripled, halved 7. 2 three ( 3) orders of magnitude three orders A B A is larger than B by many orders of magnitude as shown in figure 1 ( ) As presented in figure 1, this function has a simple shape. The function becomes negative for x > 10 (figure 1). 7

8 3. the We show this in the figure 1. We show this in the figure on page PASJ *,,,, #,.. 5. (abscissa) (ordinate) 6. (we) (AGN, SNR ) An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is thought to have a size less than c t, where c is the speed of light, and t is a time scale of its intensity variation. 2. point spread function PSF This image is consistent with the point spread function (PEF) of the telescope. PSF 3. The observed temperature is kt = 3.3 ± 0.2 kev kt kt The observed temperature is 3.3 ± 0.2 kev Fig.1 Figure 1 Cyg X-1 Cygnus X-1 Fig.1 shows a sky chart around this object. (Fig.1 Figure 1 ) Cyg X-1, the leading black-hole candidate,.. (Cygnus X-1 ) 75 scientists attended the meeting. (Seventy-five scientists ) ( ) m p p proton x i (i = 1, 2,...N) i N H H $N_{\rm H}$ 2. TeX ($ $ ) XMM Newton XMM-Newton 8

9 3. % 10keV, 23mm, 108kg, 7.6 % 10 kev, 23 mm, 108 kg, 7.6%