Finland in Figures 2013

Transcription

1 Finland in Figures 2013

2 Contents and Sources Environment and Natural Resources Sources: Statistics Finland ( National Land Survey of Finland ( Finnish Environment Institute ( Finnish Meteorological Institute ( Ministry of the Environment ( Metsähallitus ( Population Sources: Statistics Finland ( National Land Survey of Finland ( Finnish Immigration Service ( Ministry of the Interior ( Ministry of Employment and the Economy ( Enterprises Source: Statistics Finland ( Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery Sources: Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Tike ( TNS Gallup Food and Farm Facts Ltd ( Finnish Forest Research Institute ( Manufacturing Source: Statistics Finland ( Construction Source: Statistics Finland ( Energy Source: Statistics Finland ( Trade Sources: Statistics Finland ( Finnish Customs ( Housing Source: Statistics Finland ( Transport and Tourism Sources: Statistics Finland ( Helsinki Region Transport ( VR Group Ltd ( Finnish Transport Agency ( Finavia Corporation ( Finnish Transport Safety Agency Trafi ( Financing and Insurance Sources: Statistics Finland ( NASDAQ OMX Helsinki Ltd. ( Bank of Finland ( National Accounts Source: Statistics Finland ( Government Finance Sources: Statistics Finland ( State Treasury ( Ministry of Finance ( OECD ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( Labour Market Source: Statistics Finland (

3 Contents and Sources Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs Source: Statistics Finland ( Income and Consumption Sources: Statistics Finland ( Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Tike ( The National Institute for Health and Welfare ( Prices and Costs Source: Statistics Finland ( Social Protection Sources: The National Institute for Health and Welfare ( Finnish Centre for Pensions ( Health Sources: Statistics Finland ( The National Institute for Health and Welfare ( Education Source: Statistics Finland ( Science, Technology and Information Society Sources: Statistics Finland ( Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority ( Culture and the Media Sources: Statistics Finland ( Ministry of Education and Culture ( The National Library of Finland ( Finnish Audit Bureau of Circulations ( Finnish Film Foundation ( Justice Source: Statistics Finland ( Elections Source: Statistics Finland ( Foreign Countries Sources: UN, Demographic Yearbook; Eurostat; UN, Population and Vital Statistics Report; UN, The State of World Population; CIA, The World Factbook; World Bank, World Development Indicators; ILO, LABORSTA; OECD, Economic Outlook; IMF, World Economic Outlook Symbols * preliminary data.. data not available or too. category not applicable uncertain for presentation, - magnitude nil or subject to secrecy A horizontal or vertical line drawn across a time series indicates substantial breaks in the homogeneity of a series Finland in Figures as online service: stat.fi/finlandinfigures

4 Environment and Natural Resources Geographical data Area, km 2, Highest point, m Area, total Halti Land area Longest river, km Fresh water Kemijoki 483 Sea water Largest lakes, km 2 Boundaries, km Saimaa Sweden 614 Inarijärvi Norway 736 Päijänne Russia Pielinen 894 Limit of territorial waters Oulujärvi 887 Total Largest islands, km 2 Greatest length, km a) Sea Hanko Utsjoki Mainland Åland 685 Greatest width, km Kemiönsaari 524 Närpiö Ilomantsi 542 b) Inland waters Soisalo Lakes with an area of 500 m 2 or more total about , of which around with an area of over one hectare. Islands with an area of 100 m 2 or more total about Mean daily temperature (centigrade) Helsinki Sodankylä (Lapland) January February March April May June July August September October November December F = 9/5 C + 32 Air emissions Unit Greenhouse gas emissions, CO 2 eq. mil. tons Carbon dioxide 1) mil. tons Sulphur (as SO 2 ) t Nitrogen oxides t Particles 2) t ) Emissions from combustion of fossil fuels and peat 2) Emissions from energy production 2

5 Environment and Natural Resources Protected and wilderness areas on 1 Jan Number Area, ha Water, % Protected areas ) 20.3 National parks Strict nature reserves Mire reserves Herb-rich forest reserves Old-growth forest reserves Other state-owned protected areas Protected areas on private land ) 57.1 Protected areas on Åland Wilderness reserves In addition, the Act on the Protection of Rapids protects a total of 53 individual rapids, river portions or catchment areas against power station construction. Corresponding acts have been passed on the protection of the Ounasjoki and Kyrönjoki rivers. 1) 2012 Population Population by age group, end-2012 Total population Men Age Women In 2012 the mean age of men was 40.3 years and that of women 43.1 years. The age of 100 years or more had been reached by 709 persons, 91 of whom were men and 618 women. 3

6 Population Population structure Population Unit Dec. Total Men Women Age 0 14 years % years % years % Language 1) Finnish % Swedish % Lappish % Russian % Other % Marital status Single % Men % Women % ,8 Married 2) % Men % Women % Divorced and widowed 2) % Men % Women % Religion Lutheran National Church % 3) Greek Orthodox Church in Finland % 4) Other % Census register or unknown % ) Finnish and Swedish are the official languages 2) In 2012 including registered partnerships 3) Incl. other Lutheran churches 4) Incl. other Orthodox churches Population projection Unit Population years % years % years %

7 Population Area, population and GDP by region Region Land Population Change, GDP 2) GDP per area, km 2 % mil. capita 3) ) ) *2010 *2010 Mainland Finland: Uusimaa ) ) 136 Varsinais-Suomi Satakunta Kanta-Häme Pirkanmaa Päijät-Häme Kymenlaakso South Karelia Etelä-Savo Pohjois-Savo North Karelia Central Finland South Ostrobothnia Ostrobothnia Central Ostrobothnia North Ostrobothnia Kainuu Lapland Åland Whole country ) According to the regional division of 1 January ) Gross domestic product at market prices 3) Whole country = 100 4) Incl. Itä-Uusimaa Largest municipalities Population Change, % Population Change, % ) ) ) ) Helsinki Pori Espoo Joensuu Tampere Lappeenranta Vantaa Hämeenlinna Oulu Vaasa Turku Rovaniemi Jyväskylä Seinäjoki Kuopio Kotka Lahti Salo Kouvola Mikkeli At the beginning of 2013, there were a total of 320 municipalities, 57 of which were urban, 65 semi-urban and 198 rural municipalities. 1) According to the regional division of 1 January

8 Population Families, 2011 All With With Persons families children children per aged aged family Total of families Change 2010/2011, % Family type Married couple without children Cohabiting couple without children Married couple with children Cohabiting couple with children Mother with children Father with children Registered male couple 1) Registered female couple 1) ) Incl. registered partnerships with children Families and children by the number of children, 2011 Number of children under Total Children in families % Families % Vital statistics ) ) ) Live births Deaths Excess of births Immigration Emigration Net immigration Population growth Marriages Registered partnerships Divorces Divorces from registered partnerships Life expectancy at birth Males *77.5 Females *83.4 1) Per mean population 6

9 Population Foreigners in Finland Country of 2011 % Annual 2012 % Annual citizenship change, % change, % Estonia Russia Sweden Somalia China Thailand Iraq Turkey India Germany Others Total Finnish citizenships granted 1) Country of previous citizenship Russia Estonia Sweden Turkey Iran Former Serbia and Montenegro Iraq Afghanistan Somalia Ukraine Others Total ) Persons permanently resident in Finland Asylum-seekers and refugees Asylum-seekers Decisions on asylum 1) Asylum granted Residence permit granted No asylum or residence permit granted Family reunification Positive decisions 3) Negative decisions 3) Quota Received refugees 4) ) ) ) Immigrating as refugees, from ) ) ) ) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service 2) Incl. residence permits granted on the basis of humanitarian and subsidiary protection 3) Between 2009 and 2010 one decision can concern more than one person, from 2011 onwards one person 4) Refugees by quota, asylum-seekers having received a positive decision, persons admitted under the family reunification scheme 5) Excl. refugees at reception centres awaiting placement in municipalities 7

10 Enterprises Enterprises, 2011 Industry (TOL 2008) Enterprises Personnel Turnover % % million % Agriculture, forestry and fishing Manufacturing Construction Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles Transportation and storage Accommodation and food service activities Information and communication Financial and insurance activities Real estate activities Professional, scientific and technical activities Administrative and support service activities Human health and social work activities Other industries All industries Size of personnel Enterprise openings and closures Enterprise openings 40 Enterprise closures

11 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery Farms By size of arable land area, number Land use, ha Arable land and garden Rented fields Arable land under cultivation Meadow and pasture 1) Productive forest Other land Total ha ha ha 50 ha The average arable land area of farms was 38.9 hectares in ) Only used meadows and pastures, and grazing land Livestock Cattle Pigs Poultry 1) Sheep I Horses Reindeer ) Egg-laying hens and chickens Self-sufficiency in foodstuffs Production as % of consumption Product group Cereals Dairy products, fluids Dairy products, fats Beef Pork Poultry meat Eggs Sugar

12 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery Agricultural production Unit Crop yield Wheat mil. kg Rye mil. kg Barley mil. kg Oats mil. kg Potatoes mil. kg Sugar beets mil. kg Wheat kg/ha Rye kg/ha Barley kg/ha Oats kg/ha Potatoes kg/ha Sugar beets kg/ha Dairy products Milk mil. l Butter mil. kg l Cheese mil. kg Beef mil. kg 82 l Pork mil. kg Poultry mil. kg Eggs mil. kg Forest statistics Forestry land (incl. protected areas) in totalled ha, of which 52.9% was owned privately, 7.5% by companies, 34.7% by the state and 4.8% by others. The volume of growing stock was mil. m 3, of which 49.7% was pine, 30.2% spruce and 20.1% non-coniferous. Commercial roundwood removals Mil. m *2012 m 3 = cubic metre, solid volume over bark Total Pulpwood Logs Increment and drain of the growing stock Period Increment Drain Mil. m 3 per year

13 Manufacturing Industrial statistics, 2011 Branch of industry (TOL 2008) Establish- Person- Value added ments nel 1) in production million % Total industry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Food products Beverages Textiles Wearing apparel Leather and related products Wood and of products of wood and cork Paper and paper products Printing and reproduction of recorded media Coke and refined petroleum products Chemicals and chemical products Basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations Rubber and plastic products Other non-metallic mineral products Basic metals Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Computer, electronic and optical products Electrical equipment Machinery and equipment n.e.c Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers Other transport equipment Furniture Other manufacturing Repair and installation of machinery and equipment Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activites ) Paid personnel in total Volume index of industrial output (TOL 2008) 2010 = * Metal industry Total industry Forest industry Electronics and electrical industry 11

14 Construction Construction Completed buildings Unit *2012 All buildings mil. m Residential mil. m Commercial and office buildings mil. m Industrial buildings and warehouses mil. m Other mil. m Completed dwellings All dwellings number Detached houses number Attached houses number Blocks of flats number Other than residential buildings number Volume index of newbuilding 2005 = Building cost index 2010 = ) Building cost index 2000 = ) ) Final data Energy Total energy consumption 2011 *2012 % Annual change, % Petajoule (PJ) 2011 *2012 Oil Wood fuels Nuclear energy Coal Natural gas Peat Net imports of electricity Hydro power Wind power Other energy sources Total Renewable energy sources 1), % ) Includes, inter alia, wood fuels, hydro and wind power, the biodegradable proportion of recycled fuels Supply and total consumption of electricity 2011 *2012 % Annual change, % GWh GWh 2011 *2012 Hydro power Wind power Nuclear power Condensing power etc Combined heat and power, industry Combined heat and power, district heat Total production Net imports Total consumption

15 Trade Foreign trade Imports Exports Trade balance million % million % million ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) * ) ) Main trading partners, 2012* Russia Germany Sweden China Netherlands United States United Kingdom Norway France Estonia Other countries Total Trade by country group, 2012* EU Euro area Rest of Europe OECD External trade Developing countries Imports and exports by products by activity (CPA 2008), 2012* Imports million % Chemical industry products Products from mining and quarrying Electric and electronics industry products Machinery and equipment Transport equipment Other Exports million % Chemical industry products Forest industry products Metal and metal products Machinery and equipment Electric and electronics industry products Other ) Of total trade 13

16 Trade Domestic trade (TOL 2008) Volume indices Turnover 1) 2010 = 100 million % 2) 130 Sale of motor vehicles Sale of motor 110 vehicles Wholesale trade Wholesale trade Retail trade * 2012* Sale of motor vehicles Wholesale trade Retail trade ) The turnover data for the year 2011 is based on the annual statistics on Finnish enterprises, the preliminary data for 2012 on the data on the turnover of trade. 2) Annual change Housing Retail trade Buildings and summer cottages Residential buildings Detached houses Attached houses Blocks of flats Other buildings Summer cottages Saunas 1) ) Only saunas in flats. The total number of saunas was estimated to be over at the end of Household-dwelling units by type and size, ) Size of household- All Detached Attached Blocks Other or dwelling unit buildings houses houses of flats unknown 1 person persons persons persons persons persons Total ) A household-dwelling unit consists of all persons occupying the same dwelling on a permanent basis Dwelling units by tenure status of dwelling, % Owner-occupied dwelling Rented dwelling 1) Right of occupancy dwelling Other form of tenure or unknown ) Includes also official residences and employer-provided dwellings 14

17 Housing Dwelling units Unit Dwelling units Floor area per dwelling m Floor area per person m Persons per room Overcrowding 1), % of dwelling population % ) More than one person per room, excl. kitchen Prices of dwellings Old blocks of flats New blocks of flats Helsinki region Rest of Finland Helsinki region Rest of Finland Average unencumbered prices per m 2, * Dwellings in old blocks of flats: real price indices 1983 = *2012 Prices of real estate Helsinki region Rest ot Finland Detached houses Plots for detached houses Average price Real price index Average price Real price index /m = 100 /m = ,5 13,3 119, ,0 14,1 115, ,1 16,7 128, ,3 18,0 120, ,1 19,6 120,8 Average rents of rented dwellings /m 2 /month Government-subsidised dwellings Non-subsidised dwellings All rented dwellings

18 Transport and Tourism Transport Unit Transport network Length of railway line 1) km Length of tram line km Length of underground line km Highways 2) km Streets 3) km Coastal waterways km Inland waterways km Passengers by mode of transport Railway transport mil Tramway transport mil Underground transport mil Bus and motor coach transport 4) mil Water transport 5) mil Air transport 5) mil Domestic passenger transport performance, passenger km Public transport mil l Railway transport mil Tramway transport mil l Underground transport mil l Bus and motor coach transport mil Coastal transport mil Inland water transport mil Air transport mil Passenger car transport mil Domestic goods transport performance, freight tonne km Railway transport mil Road transport mil Coastal transport mil Inland water transport mil Air transport mil ) State railway line 2) Roads maintained by the Finnish Transport Agency (31 Dec.). Ramps and ferry routes excluded. 3) Roads and streets maintained by local authority 4) Includes charter transport but not private transport 5) National and international Road and water traffic accidents *2012 Road traffic accidents Involving personal injury Fatal Alcohol-related Deaths Persons injured Water traffic accidents Deaths

19 Transport and Tourism Motor vehicles Passenger cars per inhabitants Lorries and vans Other Total per inhabitants Motorcycles Tractors Snowmobiles 1) ) Excl. Åland Number of overnight stays by foreigners at accommodation establishments Country Annual change, % of domicile 2011 % *2012 % *2012 Russia Sweden Germany United Kingdom Estonia France United States Norway Japan Netherlands Other Total Finns' leisure trips abroad 1) Country of destination Estonia Sweden Spain Russia Germany Italy Greece Turkey United Kingdom France Other Total l ) Trips with overnight stays in destination country made by the population aged 15 to 74 (for 2010 and 2011) and by the population aged 15 to 84 (for 2012). Travel account, million *2012 Income Expenses Net

20 Financing and Insurance Outstanding credit by borrower sector billion 450 Other 400 Rest of the world 350 Households 300 General government 250 Non-financial corporations Households indebtedness rate and savings ratio As % of disposable income Households' debts 1) Households' savings * 2012* 1) Incl. households' share of the debts of housing companies Financial assets of households 250 billion Other Unquoted shares and other equity 200 Mutual fund shares Quoted shares 150 Insurance technical reserves Deposits

21 Financing and Insurance Stock of deposits and loans 1) by monetary financial institutions, 2012* End of year million Interest rate, % Public's deposits from the euro area Non-financial corporations 2) Households 3) Loans to the public in the euro area Non-financial corporations 2) Households 3) Housing loans Consumer credit and other loans ) Euro-denominated 2) Incl. housing corporations 3) Incl. non-profit institutions serving households New loans by monetary financial institutions 1), 2012* million Interest rate, % To non-financial corporations and housing corporations Overdrafts To households 2) Overdrafts and credit card credits Housing loans Consumer credit Other loans ) Euro-denominated to the public in the euro area 2) Incl. non-profit institutions serving households Market rates of interest, % Euribor rates 1 month months months Yields on government bonds 5 years years Banks' profit for the financial year 1) 5 billion ) Domestic and foreign banks 19

22 Financing and Insurance OMX share indices ( = 1 000) OMX Helsinki OMX Helsinki Cap Finland's foreign assets and liabilities Stock at year-end *2010 *2011 *2012 billion Assets Finnish direct investments abroad Finnish investments in foreign securities Other investments abroad Financial derivatives Exchange reserves Liabilities Foreign direct investments in Finland Foreign investments in Finnish securities Other investments from abroad Financial derivatives Exchange rates, 2012 Average exchange rate of euro United States dollar (USD) = Lithuania litas (LTL) = Canada dollar (CAD) = Poland zloty (PLN) = United Russia rouble (RUB) = Kingdom pound (GBP) = China yuan renminbi Sweden krone (SEK) = (CNY) = Norway krone (NOK) = Thailand baht (THB) = Denmark krone (DKK) = Turkey lira (TRY) = Switzerland franc (CHF) = Japan yen (JPY) = Czech Republic koruna (CZK) = South Africa rand (ZAR) = Latvia lats (LVL) = Australia dollar (AUD) =

23 National Accounts Gross domestic product at market prices At current prices At 2000 prices billion /inhabitant billion * * * GDP: annual change in volume % * 2012* Industries' value added as a proportion of gross value added, % Industry (TOL 2008) *2010 *2011 Agriculture, forestry and fishing Whole industry Construction Trade; transportation and storage; accommodation and food services Information and communication Financial and insurance activities Real estate activities Professional, scientific, technical, administration and support service activities Public administration, defence, education, human health and social work activities Other services Gross domestic product at basic prices Primary production Secondary production Services

24 National Accounts National balance of supply and demand billion Annual change in volume, % *2012 % 2009 *2010 *2011 *2012 Supply GDP Imports Total supply Demand Exports Consumption expenditure private government Gross fixed capital formation private government Changes in inventories, acquisition of valuables Total demand Statistical discrepancy Net national income, % 2009 *2010 *2011 *2012 Wages and salaries 1) Employers' social contributions Net property and entrepreneurial income Taxes on production and imports received by general government less subsidies paid by general government Net national income million ) Including wages and salaries receivable from the rest of the world, net. Excluding income from employee stock options. Current account 1) * 2012* 1) According to National Accounts 22 billion Current account, Current account, as % of GDP %

25 Government Finance Central government budget Balance Budget Budget Change sheet 1) proposal Revenue million million million million % Taxes and other levies On income and property On turnover Excise duties Other taxes Other levies Miscellaneous revenues Interest income, income from sale of shares and profits entered as income Loans, net Total Expenditure Parliament President of the Republic Prime Minister's Office Ministries: Foreign Affairs Justice Interior Defence Finance Education and Culture Agriculture and Forestry Transport and Communications Employment and the Economy Social Affairs and Health Environment Rents on State debt Total ) Excl. supplementary budget Debt Central government debt General government debt (EDP) billion as % of GDP billion as % of GDP * * *

26 Government Finance Taxes Taxes, million Tax rate, % of GDP *2010 *2011 *2012 *2010 *2011 *2012 All taxes State taxes Income tax Value added tax Municipal taxes Social security funds European Union Tax rate in selected countries, 2011* Tax revenue as % of GDP/GNP Denmark Sweden France Belgium Finland Norway Italy Austria Germany Hungary United Kingdom Czech Republic Spain Portugal 1) Canada Ireland Japan 1) Australia 1) United States Turkey 0 % 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 50 % 1) 2010 Official development assistance Net disbursements, million Bilateral Multilateral Total As % assistance assistance assistance of GNI * * *

27 Labour Market Population by activity persons Mean population Population aged Labour force Employed Unemployed Inactive population Labour force rate, % Unemployment rate, % Employment rate (persons aged 15 64), % Employed Hours worked Part-time work Full-time work Unknown Employer Private Local government Central government Unknown Industrial status Self-employed persons and assisting family members Wage and salary earners Industry (TOL 2008) Agriculture, forestry and fishing; mining and quarrying Manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning and water supply; sewerage and waste management Construction Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles Transportation and storage Accommodation and food service activities Information and communication Financial, insurance and real estate activities Professional, scientific and technical activities; administrative and support service activities Public administration and defence; compulsory social security Education Human health and social work activities Arts, entertainment and recreation; other service activities Industry unknown Hours worked, million hours

28 Labour Market Unemployment persons Total Men Women Unemployment rate, % Unemployment rate, % Total Men Women Total Men Women Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs Income level of wage and salary earners Index of wage and Annual change, % salary earnings 2010 = 100 Nominal Real 2011 * * *2012 Total Private sector Local government Central government Men Women Index of wage and salary earnings, average annual changes * 26 % Index of wage and salary earnings Index of real wage and salary earnings

29 Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs Total earnings by employer sector and gender, 2011 Employer Full-time employees sector Number Monthly earnings, Total Men Women Private Primary production Manufacturing Services Municipality State Total Total earnings by level of education and age, 2011 /month Age Doctorate or equivalent level tertiary education Higher-degree level tertiary education Lower-degree level tertiary education Lowest level tertiary education Upper secondary level education Lower secondary education Total earnings by occupation and gender, 2011 Main category Full-time employees of occupation Number Monthly earnings, Total Men Women Armed forces Legislators, senior officials and managers Professionals Technicians and associate professionals Clerks Service workers and shop and market sales workers Skilled agricultural and fishery workers Craft and related trades workers Plant and machine operators and assemblers Elementary occupations Unknown Total

30 Wages, Salaries and Labour Costs Wages and salaries 1) as % of national income 65 % * 2012* 1) Including wages and salaries receivable from the rest of the world, net. Excluding income from employee stock options. Income and Consumption Income recipients 1) by income bracket, 2011 Income bracket, Income recipients Income Taxes Taxes Men Women Total as % of % % % income Total The average income in 2011 was per income recipient, for men and for women. 1) Natural persons 28

31 Income and Consumption Income of households and low income earning Disposable cash income (in 2011 money) Persons Low income Mean Median Low income limit in low income earners of households population /household /consumption unit 1) % ) Consumption units were calculated by giving the members of a household the following weights: the first adult 1, other persons aged 14 or over 0.5 and 0 to 13-year-old children 0.3. Household expenditure *2010 *2011 % Housing and energy Food and non-alcoholic beverages Recreation and culture Transport Hotels, cafés and restaurants Furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house Alcoholic beverages and tobacco Clothing and footwear Health Communications Education Miscellaneous goods and services Total consumption expenditure Consumption of selected commodities per person Unit *2011 Milk products kg Butter kg Cheese kg Eggs kg Wheat kg Rye kg Potatoes kg Fresh vegetables kg Fresh fruit kg Meat kg Fish kg Coffee 1) kg Sugar kg Tobacco kg ) 0.6 2) 3) 0.7 Alcoholic bev., 100% l ) 8.2 1) Sales of roasted coffee 2) Incl. untaxable consumption 3) Final data 29

32 Prices and Costs Consumer price index 2005 = = Total index Food and non-alcoholic beverages Alcoholic beverages and tobacco Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels Transport Recreation and culture Inflation Consumer price index: average annual change % Cost-of-living index 1951:10 = Total index Producer price indices 2010 = Producer price index Export price index Import price index Basic price index for domestic supply Basic price index for domestic supply, including taxes = Wholesale price index Production price index Export price index Import price index

33 Prices and Costs Selected mean prices Unit Low fat milk l Butter 500 g Cheese, Emmenthal kg Eggs kg Potatoes kg Wheat flour 2 kg Wheat bread 500 g Minced beef kg Beef roast kg Sausage kg Tuna fish, tinned 150 g Coffee, packaged 500 g Caster sugar kg Oranges kg Petrol 95 E10 l Social Protection Social expenditure by function Net expenditure, million 2010 % 2011 % Sickness and health Disability Old age Survivors Family and children Unemployment Housing Other social protection Administration Total of social expenditure As % of GDP Pension beneficiaries Pension category *2012 Old-age pension Unemployment pension Disability pension Part-time pension Special pensions for farmers Surviving spouse's pension Orphan's pension Total 1) The average total monthly pension of pensioners resident in Finland and receiving a pension in their own right (excl. part-time pension) in 2012* was 1 486; for men and for women ) The same individual may be the beneficiary of more than one type of pension 31