Indian Streams Research Journal

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1 Vol 5 Issue 9 Oct 2015 ISSN No : ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Indian Streams Research Journal Executive Editor Ashok Yakkaldevi Editor-in-Chief H.N.Jagtap

2 Welcome to ISRJ RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Janaki Sinnasamy Librarian, University of Malaya Romona Mihaila Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Anurag Misra DBS College, Kanpur Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Mohammad Hailat Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Carolina Aiken Abdullah Sabbagh Engineering Studies, Sydney Ecaterina Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil George - Calin SERITAN Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Editorial Board Hasan Baktir English Language and Literature Department, Kayseri Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA...More Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil Head Geology Department Solapur University,Solapur Rama Bhosale Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Panvel Salve R. N. Department of Sociology, Shivaji University,Kolhapur N.S. Dhaygude Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur Narendra Kadu Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune K. M. Bhandarkar Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Sonal Singh Vikram University, Ujjain Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Yalikar Director Managment Institute, Solapur Umesh Rajderkar Head Humanities & Social Science YCMOU,Nashik S. R. Pandya Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, Mumbai Govind P. Shinde Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Education Center, Navi Mumbai Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Director,Hyderabad AP India. S.Parvathi Devi Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Sonal Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain Rahul Shriram Sudke Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore S.KANNAN Annamalai University,TN Satish Kumar Kalhotra Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur Maharashtra, India Cell : , Ph No: ayisrj@yahoo.in Website:

3 Indian Streams Research Journal Impact Factor : (UIF) ISSN Volume - 5 Issue - 9 Oct "ADMINISTRATION OF SRI KRISHNA DEVARAYA " SRI KRISHNADEVARAYA ( A.D.) Shambulinga Murthy. H. M Department of HISTORY,Sahyadri arts and commerce college Vidya Nagar, Shivamogga, Karnataka. ABSTRACT King Sri Krishnadevaraya was the best head South India has created. When he climbed the throne in 1509, the political state of the Vijayanagar Empire was exceptionally bleak. The leaders of Orissa were in control of seaside Andhra up to Nellore. The Sultan of Bijapur needed to develop the limits of his kingdom to the detriment of Vijayanagar. KEYWORDS :Sri Krishnadevaraya, political state,muslim leaders, INTRODUCTION: Sri Krishnadevaraya initially turned his consideration towards the Muslim leaders of the Deccan who joined themselves to wage a jihad against Vijaya nagar. Sri Krishnadevaraya perpetrated a devastating thrashing on the joined Muslim armed force. Raichur was caught in 1512 A.D. what's more, the Doab district of Krishna-Tungabhadra went under the control of Sri Krishnadevaraya. Gulbarga was likewise caught. Sri Krishnadevaraya restored the Bahmani kingdom to its lawful ruler Muhammad Shah. Sri Krishnadevaraya next turned his consideration on the neighborhood chieftains of Ummattur. In the wake of oppressing Ummattur, he vanquished Siva samudram. Early life Krishnadevaraya had been destined to folks Nagala Devi and Tuluva Narasa Nayaka,[an armed force administrator under Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya, who later took control of the domain to keep it from breaking down. He fabricated a wonderful suburb close Vijayanagara called Nagalapura in memory of his mom. The ruler's crowning liturgy occurred on the birthday of Lord Krishna and his most punctual engraving dates July 26, 1509 C.E. The capable PM Timmarusu, who with the crowning liturgy of Krishnadevaraya, helped him in his organization. Krishnadevaraya adored Timmarusu as a father Campaign against Orissa Sri Krishnadevaraya propelled five battles against the Oriya rulers. He initially turned his consideration on Udayagiri in Nellore region which was oc cupied by the Orissa rulers. The ambush on the Udayagiri post started in 1513 A.D. Udayagiri was viewed as an invulnerable stronghold however 1

4 Sri Krishnadevaraya succeeded in bringing on a break in the fortification and crushed the expansive Orissa armed force of Prataparudra. The Oriyas pulled back to Kondavidu. After the catch of Udayagiri Sri Krishnadevaraya went by Tirupati to pay his tribute to Sri Venkateswara. He set his statue alongside those of Chinna Devi and Tirumala Devi at the passageway of the Tirumala altar. In the wake of rendering his respect to Sri Venkateswara, Sri Krishnadevaraya dispatched his second attack against the Oriya rulers. Sri Krishnadevaraya himself took summon and made an energetic assault on the stronghold. At long last the Oriyas were compelled to surrender. A substantial number of Gajapati nobles including ruler Virabhadra were caught and sent to Vijayanagar. In the third crusade, Bezwada on the banks of the Krishna River was caught. Kondapalli in transit towards Golconda was likewise caught. The strongholds in the locale of Nalgonda and Warangal regions were caught. In the fourth battle Vengi was freed. Rajahmundry was caught with no trouble. Sri Krishnadevaraya next continued to Simhachalam and paid tribute to Narasimha Swamy, the directing divinity of the sanctuary. At Potnuru he raised a mainstay of triumph to honor his triumphs. In the fifth and last battle Sri Krishnadevaraya walked against Cuttack, the capital of the Gajapati rulers. Ruler Virabhadra submitted suicide in the Vijayanagar jail. Prataparudradeva was compelled to sue for peace. In 1518 a bargain was finished up by which Prataparudradeva gave his little girl in marriage to Sri Krishnadevaraya. Consequently Sri Krishnadevaraya gave back every one of the domains north of the Krishna River vanquished by him to the Orissa ruler Bijapur The last imperative crusade of Sri Krishnadevaraya was against Ismail Adil Shah of Bijapur. The Bijapur Sultan requested from Sri Krishnadevaraya the arrival of Krishna-Tungabhadra Doab taken by the last in 1512 A.D. In the fight that took after the Bijapur armed force was totally steered. The eldest child of Muham mad Shah was given the Bahmani kingdom. Relations with the Portuguese Sri Krishnadevaraya kept up well disposed relations with the Portuguese. In 1510 Goa turned into the home office of the Portuguese belonging in India. Accordingly exchange and trade created. The Vijayanagar ruler had the capacity obtain Arabian stallions from the Portuguese dealers. The Portuguese supplied weapons and other war material to the Vijayanagar ruler which was utilized as a part of the attack of Raichur. So also the Portuguese designers were occupied with enhancing the water supply to the city of Vijayanagar. Last Days The most recent days of the relentless sovereign were not glad. His young child Tirumaladeva who was made the leader of Vijayanagar keeping in mind the end goal to ensure his progression to the throne kicked the bucket following a rule of eight months. Sri Krishnadevaraya learnt that his child was harmed by the child of his awesome clergyman Timmarasu. Both the child and father were caught and blinded. Sri Krishnadevaraya turned out to be extremely despondent at the unforeseen development. He assigned his relative Achyuta Deva Raya as his successor and passed on towards the end of An Estimate of Krishnadevaraya Sri Krishnadevaraya possesses an exceptional spot among the leaders of South India. He was a flexible virtuoso and made his imprint as an awesome warrior, capable executive and a liberal 2

5 benefactor of craftsmanship and writing. He had turned into a legend. Indeed, even youngsters and unskilled villagers review his adventures. The center of his domain, i.e. the five regions in the South- West of Andhra Pradesh is presently known as Rayalaseema or the place that is known for Sri Krishnadevaraya. As a warrior he demonstrated his strength against the domain's adversaries, in particular the Muslim leaders of the Deccan and the Gajapati leaders of Orissa. His wars against the Bahmini rulers uncovered his military ability and dip lomatic expertise. He restored the Bahmani tradition twice so as to keep up political strength in the Deccan ruled by numerous Muslim sovereigns. Likewise his amicable relations with the Portuguese uncover his complete handle of the substances of the Indian political circumstance of the sixteenth century A.D. His wars against the Ganapati leaders of Orissa may be viewed as a splendid accomplishment in the military history of the time. As a director, he ended up being exceptionally proficient. Indeed, even the remote towns could have the advantages of successful organization. As a supporter of workmanship and Telugu writing Sri Krishnadevaraya was incredible. His period was the brilliant age of the Telugu writing. Eight artistic illuminating presences prevalently known as Ashtadiggajas enhanced his court. Among them Allasani Peddana, the creator of Manu Charitramu was the best. He was known as Andhra Kavita Pitamaha. Sri Krishnadevaraya was an awesome manufacturer. The Hazara Rama sanctuary, the Vittalaswami sanctuary at the capital city is ascribed to him. Out of appreciation for his mom he manufactured another city called Nagalapuram. In a word Sri Krishnadevaraya positions with the best rulers of Europe and Asia Personality Alongside engravings, works of remote explorers give a large portion of the data about his rule.[3] The ruler, of medium tallness, had a lively air, aware to outside guests, savage in keeping up the law and inclined to attacks of indignation. He kept up himself at abnormal state of physical wellness by every day physical activity. From the travelogs it gets to be clear that the lord had been a capable manager and a brilliant armed force general. He drove from the front and even took care of the injured. Military campaigns and foreign relations Krishnadevaraya ruled amid a fruitful period in Vijayanagar history, its armed forces wining each crusade. Once in a while, the ruler changed fight arranges suddenly, transforming a losing fight into triumph. The principal decade of his tenet had been one of long attacks, wicked triumphs and triumphs. His principle foes had been the Gajapatis of Orissa, with whom he had been consistent fighting following the standard of Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya. The Bahamani Sultans, however partitioned into five little kingdoms, still represented a consistent risk. The Portuguese ascended as a sea force and, consequently, controlled a great part of the ocean exchange. The feudatory head of Ummatur, Reddys of Kondavidu and Velamas of Bhuvanagiri had on numerous occasions opposed the Vijayanagar guideline. Success in Deccan The Deccan sultans yearly attack and loot of Vijayanagar towns and towns arrived at an end amid the Raya's principle. In 1509, Krishnadevaraya's armed forces conflicted with the Sultan of Bijapur at Diwani. The sultan Mahmud endured serious wounds in thrashing. Yusuf Adil Khan passed on in fight, while Krishnadevaraya attached Kovilkonda. Exploiting the triumph and disunity of the Bahamani 3

6 Sultans, the Raya attacked Bidar, Gulbarga and Bijapur and earned the title "establisher of the Yavana kingdom" when he discharged Sultan Mahmud and made him true ruler. War with Kalinga Raya vanquished the Gajapatis of Orissa, who involved northern Andhra, in five battles. The accomplishment at Ummatur gave the vital impulse to convey his battle into to Telangana locale controlled by Gajapati Prathaparudra. In 1513, the Vijayanagar armed force laid a year attack to Udayagiri post, directing the Gajapati armed force. Krishnadevaraya offered requests to God at Tirumala Venkateswara Temple alongside his wives Tirumala Devi and Chinna Devi. Hiskulaguru Vyasatirtha composed numerous melodies in recognition of the ruler after that triumph. Next, he met the Gajapati armed force at Kondavidu. After an attack of a couple of months, Krishnadevaraya, alongside Saluva Timmarasa, incurred another thrashing on Prathaparudra. Saluva Timmarasa assumed control as legislative leader of Kondavidu from that point. The Vijayanagar armed force then assaulted the Gajapati armed force at Kondapalli, laying another attack. That crusade demonstrated the last thrashing for the Gajapathi ruler who offered his little girl, Jaganmohini, in marriage to Krishnadevaraya. She turned into his third ruler. Art and literature Krishnadevaraya ruled amid a brilliant period of Telugu writing. Numerous Telugu, Sanskrit, Kannada and Tamil artists delighted in the sovereign's support. Sovereign Krishnadevaraya accomplished familiarity with numerous dialects. Kannada writing He belittled Kannada artists Mallanarya who composed Veerasaivamrita, Bhavachintaratna, and Satyendra Cholakathe, Chatu Vittalanatha who composed Bhagavatha, and Timmanna Kavi who composed a tribute of his ruler in Krishnaraya Bharata.[9] Vyasatirtha, the colossal holy person from Mysore having a place with the Madhwa request of Udupi had been his Rajguru who composed numerous melodies in recognition of his committed king.krishnadevarayana Dinachari in Kannada speaks to an as of late found work. The record highlights the contemporary society amid Krishnadevaraya's opportunity in his own journal, albeit some inquiry if the ruler composed the journal. Tamil literature As of late unearthed Vishnu temple,hampi Krishnadevaraya patronized Tamil poet Haridasa 4

7 Sanskrit literature In Sanskrit writing In Sanskrit, Vyasatirtha composed Bhedojjivana, Tatparyachandrika, Nyayamrita (a work coordinated against Advaita logic), and Tarkatandava. Krishnadevaraya, a proficient researcher, composed Madalasa Charita, Satyavadu Parinaya, and Rasamanjari and Jambavati Kalyana. Telugu writing Krishnadevarayalu's ("Desa bhashalandu Telugu Lessa") rule denoted the brilliant period of Telugu writing. Eight artists known as Astadiggajalu (eight elephants in the eight cardinal focuses) shaped piece of his court (known as Bhuvanavijayamu). As indicated by the Vaishnavite religion, eight elephants stand in the eight corners of space, holding the earth in its place. Likewise, those eight writers constitute the eight mainstays of his scholarly get together. The participation of the Ashtadiggajas stays unverifiable, in spite of the fact that they may incorporate the accompanying: Allasani Peddana, Nandi Thimmana, Madayyagari Mallana, Dhurjati, Ayyalaraju Ramabhadrudu, Pingali Surana, Ramarajabhushanudu, and Tenali Ramakrishnudu. Amuktamalyada Vitthala sanctuary with musical columns, Hoysala style multigonal base Hampi Sri Krishnadevaraya composed the Amuktamalyada in Telugu, in which he perfectly portrays the throbs of detachment endured by Andal (one of the twelve bhakti period alwars) for her significant other Lord Vishnu. He depicts Andal's physical excellence in thirty verses; utilizing portrayals of the spring and the rainstorm as illustrations. As somewhere else in Indian verse (for instance, Sringara) the arousing delight of union augments past the physical level and turns into a way to, and a similitude for, most profound sense of being and extreme union with the perfect. Periyalwar, the father of Andal, plays one of the fundamental characters. Master Vishnu orders Periyalwar to show a ruler of the Pandya administration the way of learning to moksha. Amuktamalyada, additionally known by the name Vishnuchitteeyam, alludes to Vishnuchittudu, the telugu name of Periyalwar. Over the span of the primary story of Godadevi in Amuktamalyada, the telugu name of Andal shows up all through. Krishnarayalu demonstrated knowledgeable in Sanskrit, Tamil and Kannada. Jambavati Kalyanamu is his Sanskrit work.[12] He took a stab at the welfare and the illumination of Telugu individuals. Religion and culture Krishna Deva Raya regarded all types of Hinduism, despite the fact that he actually inclined for 5

8 Sri Vaishnavism,[13] as obvious in his scholarly tomes. He lavished on the Tirupati sanctuary various objects of extremely valuable worth, going from precious stone studded crowns to brilliant swords. Moreover, he authorized statutes of himself and his two wives at the sanctuary complex. Panchamatha Bhanjanam Tathacharya, the Rajaguru, formally started Krishnadevaraya into the Sri Vaishnava Sampradaya.[14] He disparaged Vyasatirtha and other Vedanta scholars.[15] He belittled artists and researchers in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, and Sanskrit. REFERENCES 1.Barbosa, Duarte, Mansel Longworth Dames, and Fernão de Magalhães The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. ISBN Kāmat, Suryanatha. A Concise History of Karnataka: From Pre-Historic Times to the Present. Bangalore: Archana Prakashana, OCLC Keay, John India: A History. London: HarperCollins. ISBN Mendis, Vernon L. B Streams of Asian History. Colombo: Lake House Investments. OCLC Nilakanta Sastri, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN Paes, Domingos, Fernão Nunes, and Robert Sewell A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar: A Contribution to the History of India: "Chronica dos reis de Bisnaga." Teddington: Echo Library. ISBN Prasad, Ishwari A Short History of Muslim Rule in India: From the Advent of Islam to the Death of Aurangzeb. Allahabad: Indian Press. OCLC Smith, Vincent An., and Percival Spear. The Oxford History of India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, OCLC Vyas, K. C., D. R. SarDesai, and S. R. Nayak India through the ages. Bombay: Allied Pu 6

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