Regional Passenger Railways Services in Germany. Supply of S-Bahn in Stuttgart

Transcription

1 22. November 2013 Regional Passenger Railways Services in Germany Supply of S-Bahn in Stuttgart Bernhard Wewers LVS Schleswig-Holstein GmbH, BAG-SPNV Copenhagen, November 21, 2013

2 Case of Schleswig-Holstein and S-Bahn Stuttgart: Improving the tendering system 1 Competition in rail services in germany 2 Schleswig-Holstein FLEX 2002 Network middle 2010 Network West II S-Bahn systems in germany Overview Tendering S-Bahn Stuttgart 4 conclusion November 2013

3 Organisation of Regional Rail since Länder and 27 PTA 35 RUT railway undertakings 6,7 billion subsidies/year 29 % more train km (641 million) More than 300 new stations More than 500 km new lines Integrated timetables, new rolling stock Consumer rights, fare system More than 50 % train km opened for competition More than 200 contracts 50 % more passengers November 2013

4 Good experiences with Competition in Rail Services 2008 Quality and innovation Transparency Less subsidies Flexible system Complicated proceedings Contract management Only regional railways Risk sharing November 2013

5 Market share is changing slowly 2011: DB AG 76 % of train km and 80 % of passenger km Source: Wettbewerberreport UITP May 2012 Warsaw

6 2012: DB AG 75 % of train km DB AG 75% Veolia 4% BeNEX 3% Netinera 3% 2% HLB 2% AVG 2% Keolis 1% 1% Erfurter 1% Bahn Abellio 6% Rurtalbahn Weitere November 2013

7 2016: DB AG 69 % of train km 2013/14 Expected DB AG Veolia 10% 91 9% Netinera 67% 2% 2% 5% BeNEX 27 4% Keolis 20 Abellio Weitere [Mio. Zugkm] [Mio. Zugkm] DB AG 16% 52% 2015/16 Abellio 9% Netinera 4% 5% National Express/ IntEgro 11% 3% HLB SNCF (über NBE) Weitere DB AG 69% 4% Netinera 4% 4% Veolia 4% Abellio BeNEX 3% HLB 1% 1% 2% Keolis AVG SNCF 8% (über NBE) Weitere im Wettbewerb vergeben direkt vergeben noch nicht vergeben November 2013

8 the winner takes it all? Added Value (2012) Service 9% Other Sectors DB Regio Other 38% 38% Infrastructure Energy Ticketing 6% 9% Market Share DB AG November 2013

9 Trends Experiences with over 200 tendering Finance crisis 2008 Tendering-wave 2013ff Judgement about legal procedure 2010 Certification rolling stock Risk sharing Employee and passenger needs Wettbewerbsbericht 2011 standardisation 9 UITP May 2012 Warsaw

10 Tendering FLEX since 2002 Padborg-Flensburg-Hamburg End of InterRegio by DB AG 2001 Offer DB AG Short contract with DB AG Europeanwide tendering 1,06 Mio. trainkm/year Side offers 12 interested RTU`s 4 bidder AKN Eisenbahn AG HHA Hamburger Hochbahn mit Niedersachsenbahn Nord-Ostsee-Bahn GmbH Regionalbahn Schleswig- Holstein November 2013

11 A new concept: Functional Tendering 9 year contract New or used rolling stock Financed by RTU s Functional service offer with timetable connections capacitiy Staff in trains and stations Schleswig-Holstein-, HVV- und nationwide fare system Net-contract with passenger demand survey and calibration November 2013

12 Rolling Stock FLEX AG since NOB since DB AG since November 2013

13 Results in subvention per train km /Zugkm (Preisstand 2006) ,94 6,42 4,78 2,94 DB AG 2002 FLEX AG NOB DB AG November 2013

14 Calculation for RTU s Cost Income Subsidies DB AG 50 % Infrastructure 14 % Energy 20 % Rolling Stock Ticket Revenue 12 % 4 % Staff Various November 2013

15 competition Concept separate Networks Million train km/year Netz Nord 5,4 (2000/2001 and 2011) Netz West 4,2 (2005) Netz Ost 6,0 (2009) Netz Mitte 5,8 (2014) Netz Südholstein 2,3 (20??) November 2013

16 FLEX and Network Middle Batch A: Hamburg Flensburg/Kiel Batch B: Itzehoe/Kellinghusen Wrist Elmshorn Hamburg Altona 6,5 million train km/year Different standards New/used rolling stock 13 year contract Residual value and financing guarantees Net-/gross contract Side offers November 2013

17 risk sharing Guarantees for Rolling Stock and Workshops Level of debt pool Mixed model Residual value guarantee Finance guarantee Operate Lease Favourable funding November 2013

18 in Euro Calculation of Revenues Net- or grosscontract? Erlös geplant -5% +5% Jahr November 2013

19 Contract network Middle Financing rolling stock (285 Mio. ) Take back guarantee Residual-value-guarantee 25 years (WEG) Funding guarantee (KDG) Controlling group Netcontract with guarantees Revenue calibration in first year of contract Risk-Sharing-model RTU and LVS Staffing batch A 100 %, batch B > 20 % Passenger guarantee Corporate design Schleswig-Holstein Quality-management-system (QMS) November 2013

20 Network Middle : The Procedure Jan Oct Feb Aug Oct Nov Jan March 2012 Dec Preparing the procurement procedure by tendering Starting procedere First round: Negotiations concerning the Financing of Rolling Stock Three offers made by DB AG, NBE (Benex) and NOB (Veolia) The biddings concerning batch B, respectively a combination of batch A and batch B exceeded all expectations negatively Second round: Exploratory talks to identify saving potentials in batch B Cancellation of batch B and the combination of batch A and B Acceptance of tender of batch A Acceptance of new tender of batch B Expected start of operations November 2013

21 Results: subvention batch A Abgeltung Netz Mitte alt (Stand 2010) und Neu (Vertragslaufzeit) in /Zug-km 10,00 9,10 Referenzpreis ohne Ausschreibung 9,00 8,00 7,00 6,85 5,81 6,00 5,49 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,86 2,00 1,00 0,00 Netz Mitte DB AG 4,11 Mio. Zug-km Alt- + Neufahrzeuge SHE DB AG 1,06 Mio. Zug-km Altfahrzeuge Netz Mitte Los A Bieter D Netz Mitte Los A Bieter E Netz Mitte Los A Bieter H November 2013

22 Network Middle in December 2014 New EMU s (Bombardier) between Hamburg Flensburg operated by Deutsche Bahn AG Frequency increase between Hamburg Flensburg/Kiel New EMU s (Stadtler) between Itzehoe/Wrist and Hamburg by NBE November 2013

23 Network West II: still improving the system Second tendering Residual value-guarantee only for 90 coaches Tendering in two steps: 1. Rolling stock provider o Takeover 90 coaches from NOB o buying 15 diesel-locomotives and 3 DMU s o 19 years until Tendering services takeover rolling stock Including maintenance takeover workshop? November 2013

24 Roscoe Fahrzeugvorhaltungsvertrag LVS bzw. Land SH Bereitsteller Zahlungsfluss Vergütung Bereitsteller Verkehrsvertrag EVU EVU führt Instandhaltung selbst durch Zahlungsfluss Vergütung Bereitsteller Bank z.b. Hersteller DAL/HSH Hinweis: Fahrzeugvorhaltungsvertrag und Mietvertrag werden im Vergabeverfahren zur Bereitstellungsleistung vorgegeben bzw. verhandelt November 2013

25 The Results of Competition More Quality Less Subsidies 10, ,00 8,00 7,00 6,00? 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 Basis Netz A Netz B November 2013

26 funding November 2013

27 The needs of the passenger and Oberschicht/ Obere Mittelschicht 1 Umgang mit Komplexität, Flexibilität 2000 Mittlere Mittelschicht 2 Multi- Optionalität Genuss, Individualisierung 1990 Untere Mittelschicht / Unterschicht Soziale Lage 3 Grundorientierung Status, Besitz Pflicht, Akzeptanz A 1950 Traditionelle Werte Pflichterfüllung, Ordnung Freiheit, Selbstverwirklichung B Modernisierung Individualisierung, Selbstverwirklichung, Genuss 1980 Sinus Sociovision C Neuorientierung Multioptionalität, Experimentierfreude, Leben in Paradoxien November 2013

28 challenges Number of bidders challenges 1 risk sharing PTA taking risk s 3,6 3,8 2 standardisation RUT need standards 2, ressources RUT need staff and capital November 2013

29 Still opening the Market Direct awarding? Batch limitation? Profitable contracts? Incentives? Lowering Standards? Step-by-step-starting services? Nationwide Roscoe? November 2013

30 November 2013

31 S-Bahn Systems in Germany Hamburg 1934 Berlin 1930 Rhein-Ruhr 1967 Leipzig/Halle 1969 München 1972 Magdeburg 1974 Rostock 1974 Stuttgart 1978 Rhein-Main1978 Nürnberg 1987 Dresden 1992 Hannover 2000 Rhein-Neckar 2003 Bremen 2010 Augsburg? Ulm/Neu-Ulm? Karlsruhe Kassel Freiburg Saarbrücken Chemnitz November 2013

32 S-Bahn Systems in Germany Over 160 Mio. train km/year 50 % of all passenger-km Different rolling stock EMU s DC Berlin, Hamburg EMU s AC and DC/AC DMU s Freiburg Locomotive trains Doubledeck coaches Rostock, Dresden, Leipzig/Halle trams Different workshops November 2013

33 Market Share S-Bahn 2011/2012 (Train km) November 2013

34 The Stuttgart case Six S-Bahn railway lines, incl. two where trains are joined and separated 9.6 million train km with approx million vehicle km Platform height: 76 cm + 96 cm Usable platform length: 210 metres Required vehicles: approx November 2013

35 timetable 1996 Greater Stuttgart Region became PTA for suburban rail in Stuttgart until 2003 The existing contract with Deutsche Bahn has been prolonged several times 2002 Several competitors denied to be able to run a service like the S-Bahn before 2012 due to the lack of rolling stock 2003 The region awarded a new contract directly to Deutsche Bahn 2005 Preparation of the following tendering procedure: creation of lots 2006 Competitive selection procedure, cancelled in 2007 due to European Court-Decision Negotiation with a call for competition for the S-Bahn November 2013

36 Objectives for tendering More Quality Less Subsidies Barriers to competition must be kept to a minimum Calculation of revenues of third-party bidders in the integrated transport network lot sizes in combination with large number of required vehicles and thus also with high investment costs Residual-value risk after the end of the contract Use/creation of a depot Follow up contract November 2013

37 Generating Lots Whole system is too big for most operators Lot 1: rolling stock by PTA Lot 2: 83 EMUs, 450 million November 2013

38 Cost and revenue calculation It is important to have highly detailed costing system with a large number of components in order to map changes over the years Examples of possible cost groups: Overhead costs Costs of different personnel Distribution Rolling stock (fixed costs, variable costs, costs of maintenance) Maintenance facilities Define the indicators that should be used for updating different costs Calculation of revenues include high risks for newcomers only Deutsche Bahn would have the chance to calculate revenues in a proper way PTA decided to award a gross contract November 2013

39 The Tendering Procedure 5 requests for participation 1 had to be rejected due to formal faults 1 withdrew in November 2007 due to lack of staff Veolia and Keolis withdrew in February 2008 due to problems with the calculation of the maintenance depot only Deutsche Bahn made a first offer Negotiations only with DB AG with netcontract November 2013

40 Quality Management Availability of vehicles Extent of damage to vehicles Availability of ticket machines Traffic periods Target values for punctuality levels less than 3 min. less than 6 min. Peak 91,5 % 98 % Off-peak 96 % 98 % November 2013

41 Financing Rolling Stock PTA itself procures rolling stock Operator procures; PTA gives take-back guarantee Operator procures; PTA gives no take-back guarantee PTA invites tenders If necessary: Operator invites tenders If necessary: Operator invites tenders PTA becomes owner Operator becomes owner Operator becomes owner November

42 Key Questions on Handling over Rolling Stock at End of Contract How will good maintenance be assured? When, by whom and how will the residual value be determined (on starting to invite tenders, on going into service)? Will all rolling stock be inspected? Who will bear the cost of expert assessment? How binding is the result of expert assessment? Hand-over to whom? When will how many rolling stock be handed over? How does the previous operator stand in respect of quality consequences as a result of a lower number of vehicles? Who is liable for the rolling stock? Who assumes responsibility for servicing and maintenance? How will the rolling stock physically change hands when the time comes? Is there any provision for any (partial) transition in service hand-over? November 2013

43 Maintenance Facility Only one maintenance facility is currently available Depot owned by DB Regio Not many alternative locations available within region Region has achieved classification as a service point by Federal Network Agency Planning, construction and operation of maintenance facility is operator's responsibility Region may be prepared to provide funding The region would like to take over a depot for the maintenance of the S-Bahn vehicles after the end of the contract November 2013

44 Important Issues for the Hand-over of the Maintenance Facility at the End of the Contract When, how and by whom will the residual value be determined (beginning of tender, start-up)? What equipment will also be handed over? How will it be ensured that only necessary investments are made? How will it be ensured that any necessary investments will be made at the end of the contract? Who will receive the depot? Will there be a (partial) transfer of undertakings? November 2013

45 Results for the Stuttgart Case Net-cost contract: Deutsche Bahn takes the revenue-risk and risk of changed corporate share within the integrated fare system Saving of 2 Million per year 83 new cars, worth >400 Million ; no extra payments for rolling stock for the next 19 years Easy way to calculate changes of supply A certified public accountant has confirmed that the contract is economically advantageous High quality is ensured Competition for contract 2028 is made easier November 2013

46 Schedule of Tender Procedure Preparation of tender procedure Start of operations under new contract Public invitation to competitive tender Autumn 2006/summer 2007 Selection of candidates to be finalised: Spring 2007: start of negotiations 2008 New contract to be awarded Preparation time for successful bidder Blue: Schedule from the year 2006 Red: Realized schedule November 2013

47 Conclusion: S-Bahn-Systems are able to tender if: Bidder s have a real chance Enough time for bidding and preparing service Lot s not to big lot s limitation Long contract Workshops available Whole parameters published No special risk f.e. ticketing Guarantees for financing rolling stock November 2013

48 Mange tak November 2013