Rural developments in Latin America, Michiel Baud CEDLA
|
|
|
- Rosalind Eaton
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Rural developments in Latin America, Michiel Baud CEDLA
2 Export-orientation, Expansion agrarian frontier Agrarian monocultures Replacement of traditional large landowners New forms of labour control
3 Growth Latin American export agriculture, (1000 metric tons) 1881/5 1896/ Coffee Brazil Colombia Cotton Brazil Mexico Sugar Cuba Peru Argentina Cacao Ecuador Brazil 16 30
4 Population, (millions) Total LA population 1930: : : : : 580 Agrarian population 1930: 21 million 1980: 39 million 2010: 120 million Sources: 1930/80: ILO; 2010: FAO Latin America: 22 million km2
5 Resource-rich region 25% of the potential arable land 40% of tropical forest 23% of livestock 30% of freshwater reserves Political resistance against malthusian policies
6
7
8 : slow agrarian growth Expansion of inefficient - agriculture Enclave production (epitomised by the banana plantations in Central America) Large-scale commercial farming Hacienda-type agriculture Small-scale farming (market oriented) Subsistence farming Debate around open-closed communities (also haciendas!) => economic and social issues
9 Historical land expansion and recent land demand Region Cultivated land area (millions of ha) Annual change (%) Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America East Asia & Pacific South Asia Oceania Middle-East & North Africa Eastern Europe& C Asia Western Europe North America World total Source: Adapted from Deininger (2011), from: Land grabbing in Latin America (2011)
10 Traditional products Temperate zones: wheat, cattle, maize Intermediate zones: coffee, cacao, henequen, wool Tropical zones: Tobacco, sugar
11 Agricultural production, Some crops expand (cotton, maize, sugar), others stagnate (coffee, rice, wheat) Urbanization and migration Foodcrop production expands but does not keep up with urban growth
12 Rural poverty Source: López and Valdés, Rural Poverty in Latin America, 2000 (p. 40)
13
14 Rural poverty and inequality Access to land Access to services (credit, schooling, medical care, water, electricity) Commercial opportunities Political and social liberties => indigenous populations among the extreme poor => Rural mobilization (f.i. Ecuador, Mexico) to influence absent state
15 Rural labour force Latin America strongly urbanized => 1980: 66 % (Africa 30%; South Asia 24%) Agriculture: 1950: 53 % 1980: 32 % 2010: 21 %
16 Source: FAO statistical Yearbook 2014; Latin America and the Caribbean
17 : contradictory processes Agrarian reform Structural adjustment and green revolution Conservation and protected areas
18 Agrarian Reform Mexico 1930s Bolivia 1953 Ecuador 1964, 1973 Chile 1967 Peru 1969 => More modernizing than redistributive! Partly strengthens small- and middle scale agriculture, but limited labour absorption and incomplete
19 Green Revolution Starts in Mexico => important role of State Only fully implemented in Mexico, Cono sur and tropical coastal areas Concentration of land => replacing small- and community farming (seasonal) semi-proletarianization
20 Protected areas : threefold expansion of protected areas => approx sites and 3 million km2 Latin America: 15% of worldwide protected area
21 Change in protected and harvest area, Source: Zimmerer, 2011
22 : non-traditional crops Central America => Commercial vegetable farming for US market (tomatoes, broccoli!), rice, cotton Andean region => new commercial products: flowers, fruit Amazon => colonization agriculture; emergence of coca! South America: Soja, grapes/wine, fruit
23 New crops: Food feed - fuel complex Flex crops => different uses. Food (crisis) not central In empty areas Incorporation of smallholders and little resistance
24 The rise of flex crops in South America and Central America Area harvested (in ha), South America Soya sugarcane Oil Palm ,534 2,124,775 38, ,639 2,582,414 56, ,443,590 2,485,528 57, ,467,817 2,904,841 50, ,467,985 3,623,922 83, ,306,828 4,975, , ,725,284 5,290, , ,912,325 5,692, , ,156,087 5,995, , ,234,628 7,025, , ,792,479 9,878, ,313 Central America Soya sugarcane Oil Palm , ,207 22, , ,413 26, , ,258 21, , ,752 24, , ,750 35, , ,627 41, , ,047 57, , ,158 76, ,992 1,071, , ,315 1,219, , ,444 1,231, ,204 Source: FAOSTAT; in Borras et al. Land grabbing in Latin America and the Caribbean (2011)
25 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PERFIL REGIONAL AMBIENTAL / LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE TIERRA Y SUELOS / LAND AND SOIL Superficie total / Total surface area ( ) ha (2011) Terrestre / Land area ( ) ha (2011) Aguas continentales / Inland waters 28 ( ) ha (2011) Proporción de superficie terrestre cubierta por bosques / Proportion of land area covered by forest 47.2 % (2010) Superficie agrícola / Agricultural area 740 ( ) ha (2011) Tierras arables / Arable land 168 ( ) ha (2011) Cultivos permanentes / Permanent crops 20 ( ) ha (2011) Praderas y pastos permanentes / Permanent meadows and pastures Intensidad de uso de fertilizantes (en toneladas por hectáreas agrícolas) / Fertilizer use intensity (tons per 1,000 ha of agricultural area) 552 ( ) ha (2011) 28 Tn (2011) Superficie cosechada por tipo de cultivo (ha) Harvest area by type of crop (ha) Algodón con semillas / Seed cotton Semilla de girasol / Sunflower seed Yuca (mandioca) / Cassava Sorgo / Sorghum Café / Coffee Arroz / Rice Frijoles secos / Dried beans Trigo / Wheat Caña de azúcar / Sugarcane Maíz / Maize Soja / Soybean
26 : Changes in Brazilian land use Increase: Sugar cane area 90,5 % soja 85,2 % maíz 26,8 % => together 32 million ha Decrease: Rice -27,5 % Wheat -11,5 % batata (-24,2 %), beans -19,2 %, yuca -5,1 % => Together 7 million ha
27 Results Expulsion of small-scale peasant production, but also new chances (incorporation) Shrinking rural labour market Environmental degradation
28
29 Changes, Expansion of agroindustry => (temporary) important for LA industrialization: food drink, timber State capacity for managing agrarian change fluctuates (Conasupo, Sinamos) NGO-influence increases
30 Changes in political context Structural adjustments Decreasing role of state Post-neoliberal policies
31 Changes in social context Indigenous struggle (territories) => new struggle for land Fair trade niche => important for reproduction small-scale peasant sector Migration => remittances
32 Maldonado, R., Hayem, M. (2014) "Remittances to Latin America and the Caribbean in 2013: Still Below Pre-Crisis Levels." Multilateral Investment Fund, Inter-American Development Bank. Washington, D.C., p. 3.
33 Maldonado, R., Hayem, M. (2014) "Remittances to Latin America and the Caribbean in 2013: Still Below Pre-Crisis Levels." Multilateral Investment Fund, Inter-American Development Bank. Washington, D.C., p. 5.
34 Recent developments New export-oriented agriculture => element of reprimarización (also mining) land grabbing biopiracy and transnational dependencies (Monsanto) Protected areas
35 Todays challenges Rural poverty New agrarian reform Maintaining food sovereignty Adapting to rural-urban connections Rural studies has become closely connected to environmental debates => debate on: productive environmentalism
Deforestation in the Amazon
Deforestation in the Amazon By Rhett A Butler Rainforests once covered 14% of the earth's land surface; now they cover a mere 6% and experts estimate that the last remaining rainforests could be consumed
The Growing Role of Contract Farming in Agri-food Systems Development: Drivers, Theory and Practice
The Growing Role of Contract Farming in Agri-food Systems Development: Drivers, Theory and Practice Carlos Arthur B. da Silva, Ph.D. FAO Agricultural Management, Marketing and Finance Service Agricultural
Key global markets and suppliers impacting U.S. grain exports BRICs
Key global markets and suppliers impacting U.S. grain exports BRICs Levin Flake Senior Agricultural Economist, Global Policy Analysis Division, OGA/FAS/USDA TEGMA Annual Meeting January 23 rd, 2015 U.S.
Colombia in the world
Colombia in the world Proexport around the world Process of attracting Foreign Direct Investment Proexport offers detailed and professional assistance for investors that find interesting business opportunities
Agricultural Reinsurance in Latin America Actual Situation & Outlook. 4 th Reinsurance Congress Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) April 2015
Agricultural Reinsurance in Latin America Actual Situation & Outlook 4 th Reinsurance Congress Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) April 2015 AGENDA Commodity Price & Food Consumption Context Worldwide Agriculture
Emmanuel Tumusiime-Mutebile: The challenge of modernising smallholder agriculture in East Africa
Emmanuel Tumusiime-Mutebile: The challenge of modernising smallholder agriculture in East Africa Keynote address by Mr Emmanuel Tumusiime-Mutebile, Governor of the Bank of Uganda, at the International
Physiography, Geography and Climate of Latin America (Lecture 3)
Physiography, Geography and Climate of Latin America (Lecture 3) Natural Landmarks in Latin America World's longest and second highest mountain range, and the world's highest active volcanoes. Biggest
Summary. Eduardo Baumeister Land concentration and food security in Central America
Summary Eduardo Baumeister Land concentration and food security in Central America In Central America lands means power: land tenure and land use remain pivotal for the region s social, economic and political
Cash Crops, Food Crops and Agricultural Sustainability
GATEKEEPER SERIES No. 2 International Institute for Environment and Development Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods Programme Cash Crops, Food Crops and Agricultural Sustainability EDWARD B.
Enabling poor rural people to overcome poverty in Honduras
IFAD/F. Mattioli Enabling poor rural people to overcome poverty in Honduras Rural poverty in Honduras The Republic of Honduras is the second-poorest country in Central America. It is a lower middle-income
Agri Commodities ABN AMRO Bank NV
Agri Commodities ABN AMRO Bank NV Fausto Caron Head of Commodities Brazil Chicago, June 2013 1 Agenda Brazilian Agriculture A Historical Perspective Infra-Structure: The Brazilian quest for competitiveness
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE. THE FUTURE OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN EUROPE Second panel National perspectives.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND TERRITORY AREA EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE THE FUTURE OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN EUROPE Second panel National perspectives Annalisa Saccardo Bruxelles september 15th 2014 ITALIAN
Agricultural Production and Research in Heilongjiang Province, China. Jiang Enchen. Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Northeast
1 Agricultural Production and Research in Heilongjiang Province, China Jiang Enchen Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China. Post code: 150030
Threats to tropical forests
Threats to tropical forests and what we can do about it Ryszard Laskowski Institute of Environmental Sciences Jagiellonian University www.eko.uj.edu.pl/laskowski 1/22 Human activities: dangers and hopes
U.S. Agriculture and International Trade
Curriculum Guide I. Goals and Objectives A. Understand the importance of exports and imports to agriculture and how risk management is affected. B. Understand factors causing exports to change. C. Understand
* Corresponding author # Presenting author DOI: 10.5073/jka.2010.425.302
Challenges and characteristics of the South American grain and oilseed postharvest system Bartosik, R.* # National Institute of Agricultural Technologies, Balcarce Experimental Station, Balcarce (7620),
AG R I C U LT U R E GREEN ECONOMY
THIS IS THE STORY OF AG R I C U LT U R E GREEN ECONOMY We need to make the global economy green. provides significant opportunities for growth, investment and jobs to help make this happen. $ Everyone
Shifts and emerging trends in commodity production and trade flows
Shifts and emerging trends in commodity production and trade flows Mathilde Douillet, FARM, Cirad (France) QUNO workshop «New Framework for Trade and Investment in Agriculture» 22 January 2014 Trends in
SS6E1 The student will analyze different economic systems.
Brazil & Cuba Standards SS6E1 The student will analyze different economic systems. a. Compare how traditional, command, and market, economies answer the economic questions of 1-what to produce, 2-how to
student. They should complete the
Brazil & Cuba Standards SS6E1 The student will analyze different economic systems. a. Compare how traditional, command, and market, economies answer the economic questions of 1- what to produce, 2-how
AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 Textbook Chapter 11
AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 Textbook Chapter 11 1. Agriculture The purposeful tending of crops and raising of livestock in order to produce food and fiber. 2. Hunting and Gathering Before agriculture humans
Crop production. 0 5 10 15 million ha. 0 5 10 15 20 million tonnes PART 1. CHART 7: Harvested area of the most important crops in Central Asia (2010)
PART 1 Crop production is the most important crop in the region of Europe and Central Asia. More than 80 million hectares of land are dedicated to growing wheat, of which 240 were produced in 2010. is
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Contribution to the 2014 United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Integration Segment Food security for sustainable development and urbanization:
Available study programs at Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
EU subject code University subject Name of course/program Mobility Language Homepage 1,1 1,1 Environmental Engineering in Agriculture II Rural Communication and Extension 1,1 Tropical Forestry and Agroforestry
Food Security in Latin America: Short and Long-term Responses to the Global Food Crisis
ISSN 2222-4823 Food Security in Latin America: Short and Long-term Responses to the Global Food Crisis Pablo Heidrich & Zoe Williams. SerieBrief # 76 Septiembre 2011 3 Food Security in Latin America:
AGRI- BUSINESS IN ARGENTINA A SEMINAR ON INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
AGRI- BUSINESS IN ARGENTINA A SEMINAR ON INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES Maximiliano Moreno Director of Multilateral Negotiations Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Argentina NEW INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
An Innovative Service Program for Export Growers
BAYGAP TOOL An Innovative Service Program for Export Growers EUREPGAP Leadership Latin America. 20 April 2007 Initial Situation Fresh Vegetable and Fruit exports to Europe have grown fast since year 2000.
SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES 1
Country Operations Business Plan: Philippines, 2013 2015 SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES 1 A. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. Sector importance and growth
Highlights of Organic Issues within National Agric Policy (20013)
Highlights of Organic Issues within National Agric Policy (20013) (Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Cooperatives Tanzania By. Mibavu, G. M. 1 Outline i. Introduction ii. Opportunities on Organic
Short title: The PES Experience in Costa Rica, Colombia and Nicaragua.
Regional Integrated Silvopastoral Ecosystem Management Project Costa Rica, Colombia and Nicaragua Authors: Stefano Pagiola and Agustin Arcenas Short title: The PES Experience in Costa Rica, Colombia and
Outlook for U.S. Agricultural Trade
Electronic Outlook Report from USDA s Economic Research Service and Foreign Agricultural Service United States Department of Agriculture AES-85 February 19, 2015 Outlook for U.S. Agricultural Trade FY
Water Footprint Calculations for Pasture Based Beef Production
Water Footprint Calculations for Pasture Based Beef Production Dr. Horst Jürgen Schwartz Professor (retired), Chair of Livestock Ecology Humboldt University of Berlin Faculty of Agriculture, Institute
Learning for sustainable action Program Promipac, Central America
Learning for sustainable action Program Promipac, Central America Dr. Orlando Cáceres Promipac, El Salvador Tuesday, 15 August 2006 25 th International Course on vocational Training and Education in Agriculture
ANALYSIS OF LEBANON S FOOD MARKET
ANALYSIS OF LEBANON S FOOD MARKET Table of Contents World Food Market 3 Lebanon s Food Production 8 Lebanon s Food Imports and Exports 11 Evolution of Food Imports 11 Food Imports by Type 12 Food Imports
2 WATER FOR FOOD SECURITY VI World water forum
2 WATER FOR FOOD SECURITY WATER FOR FOOD SECURITY 3 CONTENT I SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 4 SECTION 2 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE OF TARGET 5 SECTION 3 TARGETS AND TARGET ACTION PLAN 9 SECTION 4 SOLUTIONS SECTION
2) Relevance for environmental policy... 2. 4) Data sources and reporting... 4 5) References at the international level... 4
F- 4: Pesticide consumption 1) General description... 2 1.1) Brief definition... 2 1.2) Units of measurement... 2 1.3) Context...2 2) Relevance for environmental policy... 2 2.1) Purpose... 2 2.2) Issue...
WOMEN AND FOOD SECURITY: ROLES, CONSTRAINTS, AND MISSED OPPORTUNITIES
WOMEN AND FOOD SECURITY: ROLES, CONSTRAINTS, AND MISSED OPPORTUNITIES Lynn R. Brown World Bank, Washington, DC, USA Keywords: Poverty alleviation, nutrition, labor, land tenure, marriage, inheritance,
Status and trends in perception of Organic vegetable and fruit production in China
Chinese-Danish Networking Status and trends in perception of Organic vegetable and fruit production in China Yuhui Qiao Dr. Associate Professor Department of Ecology and Ecological Engineering China Agricultural
Investment in developing countries' food and agriculture: Assessing agricultural capital stocks and their impact on productivity
Investment in developing countries' food and agriculture: Assessing agricultural capital stocks and their impact on productivity Gustavo Anriquez (FAO), Hartwig de Haen, Oleg Nivyevskiy & Stephan von Cramon
Brazil s Response to Lower Commodity Prices Will Infrastructure Improvements Support Further Expansion?
Brazil s Response to Lower Commodity Prices Will Infrastructure Improvements Support Further Expansion? By Dr. Michael Cordonnier www.soybeansandcorn.com soycorn@comcast.net 630-325-0192 (Chicago) Overview
Cuban Agricultural Development and Implications for U.S. Exports
Cuban Agricultural Development and Implications for U.S. Exports Presentation to the USDA Agricultural Outlook Forum 2012 Washington, DC February 23, 2012 by William A. Messina, Jr. Food and Resource Economics
Food Security in a Volatile World
Issues in Brief Food Security in a Volatile World Developments in agriculture over the last fifty years have increased yields sufficiently to provide on average more than enough food for every person on
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for Responsible Agricultural Investments (RAI)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for Responsible Agricultural Investments (RAI) Background note for consultation meeting - Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 9 10 October 2012 Francesca Dalla Valle For info
OUTCOME AND IMPACT LEVEL INDICATORS AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT WORKING PAPER: OCTOBER 2009
EC EXTERNAL SERVICES EVALUATION UNIT OUTCOME AND IMPACT LEVEL INDICATORS AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT WORKING PAPER: OCTOBER 2009 This working paper outlines a set of indicators at the outcome and impact
Agricultural Productivity in Zambia: Has there been any Progress?
Agricultural Productivity in Zambia: Has there been any Progress? Presented by Antony Chapoto ACF/FSRP Research Presented to the Zambia National Farmers Union Congress Mulungushi Conference Centre, Lusaka
Speaker Summary Note
2020 CONFERENCE MAY 2014 Session: Speaker: Speaker Summary Note Building Resilience by Innovating and Investing in Agricultural Systems Mark Rosegrant Director, Environment and Production Technology Division
Cameroon CFSVA April/May 2011. Cameroon Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis. April/May 2011. Page 1
Cameroon CFSVA April/May 2011 Cameroon Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis April/May 2011 Page 1 Cameroon CFSVA April/May 2011 Photo: Jane Howard Food insecurity high despite great agricultural
Country Report On Human Resource Development In Food-related Area Through Partnership With ASEAN Universities. Dr. Aye Aye Thwe Ohnmar Myint MYANMAR
Country Report On Human Resource Development In Food-related Area Through Partnership With ASEAN Universities Dr. Aye Aye Thwe Ohnmar Myint MYANMAR Area - 676,577 km 2 Latitude - 9 o 32 N and 28 o 31 N
Sinopsis. Human Development Report The other frontier: Alternative uses of naturales resources in Bolivia
Sinopsis : Alternative uses of naturales resources in Bolivia THE CHALLENGE OF OUR GENERATION Last year, the Bolivian economy grew by more than 4.5%, but the number of people living in poverty increased
How To Ensure Global Food Security
How to Feed the World in 2050 Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2. Outlook for food security towards 2050 (1) The changing socio-economic environment (2) The natural resource base to 2050 will there be
Kai Becker Waukon Senior High Waukon, IA
Kai Becker Waukon Senior High Waukon, IA East Timor: A Look to the Future The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, is a tiny island nation in Southeast Asia. East Timor has suffered
OILSEEDS AND OILSEED PRODUCTS
3. COMMODITY SNAPSHOTS OILSEEDS AND OILSEED PRODUCTS Market situation Global oilseeds production in the 214 marketing year (see glossary for a definition of marketing year) reached record levels for the
Liquid Biofuels for Transport
page 1/11 Scientific Facts on Liquid Biofuels for Transport Prospects, risks and opportunities Source document: FAO (2008) Summary & Details: GreenFacts Context - Serious questions are being raised about
Agriculture, the most important sector in Africa s economy, contributes 15 percent of GDP. More than
Chapter 2 Feed Africa Chapter 2 Feed Africa Agriculture, the most important sector in Africa s economy, contributes 15 percent of GDP. More than 70% of Africans depend on agriculture for their livelihoods.
Status of the World s Soil Resources
5 December 2015 Status of the World s Soil Resources The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils (ITPS), the main scientific advisory body to the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) hosted by the Food and
Thailand s Organic 2011. Vitoon Panyakul Green Net Earth Net vitoon@greennet.or.th
Thailand s Organic 2011 Vitoon Panyakul Green Net Earth Net vitoon@greennet.or.th Brief History (1) 1991 Chai Wiwat Agro-industry & Capital Rice Co started organic rice project 1992 Alternative Agriculture
Effects of Climate Change in Brazilian Agriculture: Mitigation and Adaptation
Effects of Climate Change in Brazilian Agriculture: Mitigation and Adaptation CepagriI/Unicamp Hilton Silveira Pinto (IB-CNPq) Jurandir Zullo Jr (CNPq) Ana M. H. de Avila Embrapa Informática Agropecuária
DSM Position on Sustainable Biomass
Corporate Public Affairs Het Overloon 1, 6411 TE Heerlen, the Netherlands www.dsm.com April 2012 DSM Position on Sustainable Biomass Key messages DSM is a leading Life Sciences and Materials Sciences company
Job Profile. Senior Adviser (N1) - Agricultural Development. Economic Growth Programme. Bolivia
Job Profile Senior Adviser (N1) - Agricultural Development Economic Growth Programme Bolivia Reference number: DK-52238-2014/BOL.03-W 1 Preliminary 1.1. Short background: The Inclusive and Sustainable
Latin America s s Foreign Debt
Latin America s s Foreign Debt Causes and Effects Internal Causes of the Debt Overvalued currency associated with ISI Returns on projects in future, but payments now: Debt trap Populist economic policies:
Improving food security
From feeding a population expected to reach nine billion by 2050 to looking after soil, water and natural habitats our world s farmers face increasing challenges. What s more, they re under greater pressure
EASYPol Module 148. DrumNet An Enterprising Third Party Transaction Manager
EASYPol Module 148 DrumNet An Enterprising Third Party Transaction Manager DrumNet An Enterprising Third Party Transaction Manager by Ron Kopicki, World Bank Investment Officer, Washington DC, USA and
Agricultural Mechanization Strategies in India
050 India Agricultural Mechanization Strategies in India Dr. Champat Raj Mehta Project Coordinator, All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Farm Implements and Machinery (FIM), Central Institute
TANZANIA. The land area of Tanzania is about 1 million square kilometres. This includes the offshore islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia.
TANZANIA 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE COUNTRY Tanzania lies on the East Coast of Africa between 1 O and 11 O S latitude and between 29o and 40 o E Longitude. It is bordered by Kenya in the North and shares
PUBLIC POLICY IN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE - Food Security and Government Intervention - Samarendu Mohanty, E. Wesley F. Peterson
FOOD SECURITY AND GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION Samarendu Mohanty Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA E. Department of Agricultural
Robert M. Persaud, MBA, MP Minister of Agriculture
Robert M. Persaud, MBA, MP Minister of Agriculture Overview Brief Overview of the World Food Situation An integrated perspective: Primary Agriculture, Energy Production, Climate Change, and a world financial
Biofuels and Commodity Markets Palm Oil Focus 1. P. Thoenes 2,3 FAO, Commodities and Trade Division
Biofuels and Commodity Markets Focus 1 P. Thoenes 2,3 FAO, Commodities and Trade Division Abstract: In the last few years, demand for ethanol and biodiesel derived from grains, vegetable oils, sugar and
Fresh Connections: China
Fresh Connections: China China Market Overview Mabel Zhuang, PMA China Consultant M.Z. Marketing Communications March 20, 2014 Overview 1. Background 2. Production 3. Trade & Distribution 4. Trends Background:
Multi-Temporal Wild Fire Monitoring in Lao PDR using MODIS Data
Multi-Temporal Wild Fire Monitoring in Lao PDR using MODIS Data Vivarad Phonekeo Ph. D. Geoinformatics Center (GIC) Asian Institute of Technology vivarad@ait.ac.th, vivarad@gmail.com www.vivarad.info Thatheva
this section shall not count toward pay limits under the 2014 Farm Bill limits. (Section 1119)
Title I Commodities (1) Repeal of Direct Payments Section 1101 of the House bill repeals direct payments effective with the 2014 crop year. The section continues direct payments for the 2013 crop year
300431 Timişoara, Romania, Str. Agricultorilor nr. 40 Tel: 0747-047.800 Fax: 0356-414.175 office.armand@gmail.com
300431 Timişoara, Romania, Str. Agricultorilor nr. 40 Tel: 0747-047.800 Fax: 0356-414.175 office.armand@gmail.com Pagina1 Pagina2 INVEST IN ROMANIA 300431 Timişoara, Romania, Str. Agricultorilor nr. 40
How To Help The World Coffee Sector
ICC 105 19 Rev. 1 16 October 2012 Original: English E International Coffee Council 109 th Session 24 28 September 2012 London, United Kingdom Strategic action plan for the International Coffee Organization
Rwanda Agricultural Sector and its Impact on Food Security and Economy
Rwanda Agricultural Sector and its Impact on Food Security and Economy Workshop on Asian Lessons and Agriculture Transformation in Rwanda J.J. Mbonigaba Muhinda Rwanda Agriculture Board jj.mbonigaba@rab.gov.rw
Climate Change and IDB: Building Resilience and Reducing Emissions Sector Study: Agriculture and Natural Resources
Climate Change and IDB: Building Resilience and Reducing Emissions Sector Study: Agriculture and Natural Resources Inter-American Development Bank November 2014 This work is distributed under a Creative
3.2 Extent of food losses and waste
4 3. Extent of food losses and waste 3.1 Food volumes produced Figure 1 illustrates the 2007 production volumes of all commodity groups in their primary form, including animal feed products (which are
GLOBAL WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS FLOW
ITEM 5 GLOBAL WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS FLOW TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES Table of Contents GLOBAL WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS FLOW - TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES... 1 SUMMARY... 2 INTRODUCTION... 3 INTERNATIONAL TRADE...
Geography Resources and Environment of Latin America
Geography Resources and Environment of Latin America Defining Latin America Term Latin America originally used by French geographers to differentiate between Anglo and Romance (Latin based) languages.
Opportunities for Environmental Research in Brazil
Opportunities for Environmental Research in Brazil ADRIANA M. M. PIRES Research and Development Head at Embrapa Environment adriana@cnpma.embrapa.br http://www.cnpma.embrapa.br /brazil WHY HAVING PROJECTS
Precision agriculture, a strategy for food and feed challenges for the 21 st century. Dr. Thomas Lumpkin CIMMYT Director General April 10th, 2013
Precision agriculture, a strategy for food and feed challenges for the 21 st century Dr. Thomas Lumpkin CIMMYT Director General April 10th, 2013 CIMMYT s Mission To sustainably increase the productivity
Environment and Society in Developing Countries. Ideas for Master s and PhD projects
Environment and Society in Developing Countries Ideas for Master s and PhD projects Ex ante Criteria! 1) Experience? 2) Interest? 3) Relevance? 4) Practicability? 1) Time (fieldwork and analysis) 2) Research
IFC. Why Trade Finance matters for Trade. World Trade Organization Public Forum 2014
IFC Why Trade Finance matters for Trade World Trade Organization Public Forum 2014 IFC: a member of the World Bank Group IBRD IDA IFC MIGA ICSID International Bank for Reconstruction and Development International
Small Farm Modernization & the Quiet Revolution in Asia s Food Supply Chains. Thomas Reardon
Small Farm Modernization & the Quiet Revolution in Asia s Food Supply Chains Thomas Reardon Part 1 of Talk: Introduction to research issues and method 1. Introduction to Research Issues 1. Research past
GHANA. Annual rainfall varies between 800mm and 2,400mm, generally decreasing from south to north and from west to east.
Agriculture: Modernising Agriculture to Reduce Poverty Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of the Ghanaian economy and a major foreign exchange earner. It contributes about 35% to GDP, employs 55%
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment United Nations Environment Programme Many countries and companies are investing heavily
Produced for the OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY
Produced for the OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY Cocaine Smuggling in 2010 Cocaine Flow toward the United States The amount of cocaine departing South America decreased in 2010 for a third straight
THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S.
THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Required Report - public distribution Date: GAIN Report
DECLARATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR AGROECOLOGY. Nyéléni, Mali. 27 February 2015
DECLARATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR AGROECOLOGY Nyéléni, Mali 27 February 2015 We are delegates representing diverse organizations and international movements of small-scale food producers and consumers,
Obtaining Finance in Latin America and the Caribbean 1
Obtaining Finance in Latin America and the Caribbean 1 World Bank Group latin America and the Caribbean Series Note No. REV. 8/14 Basic Definitions Countries surveyed in and how they are grouped for analysis:
Cuba has responded in part to its current economic crisis by
26 Economic Research Service/USDA Agricultural Outlook/October 1998 Cuba s Agriculture: Collapse & Economic Reform Cuba has responded in part to its current economic crisis by beginning to open the economy
Global Wood Markets: Consumption, Production and Trade
Global Wood Markets: Consumption, Production and Trade By Ed Pepke Forest Products Marketing Specialist UNECE/FAO Timber Section Geneva, Switzerland Presentation topics I. Introduction II. Where is the
Biogas-Lösungen für Kenias Agrarindustrie
Biogas-Lösungen für Kenias Agrarindustrie Optimierung der Stromversorgung im kommerziellen und industriellen Sektor mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Kenia September, 2 nd, 2015, Berlin Dipl.-Ing. Walter Danner
THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION AND A 2020 VISION. Pers Pinstrup-Andersen Rajul Pandya-Lorch Food Policy Research institute (IFPRI),Washington, D.C.
THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION AND A 2020 VISION AGROALIMENTARIA NO 2. Junio 1996. Pers Pinstrup-Andersen Rajul Pandya-Lorch Food Policy Research institute (IFPRI),Washington, D.C. USA INTRODUCTION About 800
Whither Global Agriculture? Research Needs
Whither Global Agriculture? Research Needs NZ Trade Consortium Working Paper no 28 Robert L. Thompson Wellington, New Zealand 9 October 2003 The New Zealand Trade Consortium in association with the New
Agriculture Mongolia. Mongolian Farmers Association. Presented by: Perenlei Chultem (M.Sc.) President of Mongolian Farmers Association
Mongolian Farmers Association Agriculture Mongolia Presented by: Perenlei Chultem (M.Sc.) President of Mongolian Farmers Association Co-Presenter: Boldsaikhan Usukh (PhD.Agri.) President of Ensada Holding
Tennessee Agricultural Production and Rural Infrastructure
Tennessee Trends in Agricultural Production and Infrastructure Highlights - In many states the percentage of the state population designated by the U.S. Census Bureau as living in rural areas has declined,
Beyond biological nitrogen fixation: Legumes and the Sustainable Intensification of smallholder farming systems
Beyond biological nitrogen fixation: Legumes and the Sustainable Intensification of smallholder farming systems B Vanlauwe, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya [with
Enhancing Global Capacity for Pre-breeding: The GIPB Platform
Enhancing Global Capacity for Pre-breeding: The GIPB Platform Chikelu Mba Plant Genetic Resources and Seeds Team Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Plant Production and for a Protection
Intercontinental Learning Route Latin America 30 of July 14 of August 2012 Territories Dynamics - Learning Objectives
Intercontinental Learning Route Latin America 30 of July 14 of August 2012 Territories Dynamics - Learning Objectives Synthesis guide Territory Dynamics Learning Objectives Colca Valley: Department of
FEED 2011. The International Forum on Strategic Studies for Agriculture and Livestock Development and Respect for the Climate. Deborah La Franchi
FEED 2011 The International Forum on Strategic Studies for Agriculture and Livestock Development and Respect for the Climate Deborah La Franchi CEO & President, Strategic Development Solutions Financing
2015 Growth in data center employment continues but the workforce is changing
Published in Conjunction with MARKET BRIEFING GLOBAL DATA CENTER EMPLOYMENT 2015 2015 Growth in data center employment continues but the workforce is changing Globally, the number of people working in