Emerging sharing economy initiatives in tourism sector: a case study from Pécs

Transcription

1 Emerging sharing economy initiatives in tourism sector: a case study from Pécs AIRBNB VS. TRADITIONAL ACCOMMODATIONS Dóra Bálint Júlia Papp PhD students PTE TTK Doctoral School of Earth Sciences New Ideas and New Generations of Regional Policy in Eastern Europe 7 th 8 th of April 2016

2 Research questions National level: penetration of Airbnb in the largest and most visited Hungarian settlements Are there any correlations between the settlement s size/role of tourism and the ratio of Airbnb listings? Are there any specific spatial patterns? Settlement level: case study from a regional centre: Pécs Are there any spatial difference between Airbnb and traditional accommodations location? What are the main characteristics of Airbnb listings in space?

3 Methods Database construction, Spatial analysis: National lev el: Number of Airbnb listings (N=31) Commercial accommodation capacity (N=31) 31 settlement (capital, countylev el cities, top10 tourism destinations) Settlement lev el: Pécs Airbnb listings (N=98) Pécs traditional accommodations (N=94)

4 Sharing economy = Trust Economy, Collaborative Consumption, On-Demand or Peer-to-Peer Economy Disruptive innovation Peer-to-peer connections through Web 2.0 internet technologies (without traditional service-provider) Sharing tangible and intangible assets Cars, foods, money, time etc. huge impact on all aspects of everyday life

5 Global player in tourism: Airbnb (AirBed & Breakfast) World largest short-term rental company, online platform From cars to castles Apartments, private or shared rooms Founded: San Francisco (2007) Hosts for a design conference Rapid growth Advantages: lower cost, living like a local Legal concerns Number of Airbnb listings Source: Airbnb.com

6 (Traditional) tourism sector in Hungary

7 Things to see in Hungary

8 Tourism characteristics in Hungary Inbound overnight tourists 9,5 million 2015 Domestic overnight tourists:11,7 million 2015 Economic impact: GDP: 5.8% (direct impact) Employment: 9.2% Seasonality: July, August Seasonality in Hungary 2015 (Source: HCSO Preliminary data)

9 Most visited Hungarian settlements 2015* Domestic International Total 1. Budapest (1,003) Budapest (7,710) Budapest (8,713) 2. Hajdúszoboszló (554) Hévíz (569) Hévíz (924) 3. Siófok (509) Bük (405) Hajdúszoboszló (855) 4. Zalakaros (362) Hajdúszoboszló (301) Siófok (712) 5. Hévíz (354) Sárvár (271) Bük (672) 6. Gyula (333) Balatonfüred (263) Balatonfüred (591) 7. Balatonfüred (328) Siófok (203) Zalakaros (462) 8. Eger (320) Győr (155) Sárvár (457) 9. Sopron (294) Eger (123) Eger (443) 10. Bük (267) Debrecen (123) Debrecen (386) * () Number of guest nights at commercial accomodation units (000s) Source: HCSO Preliminary data

10 Arrivals and guest nights by tourist region (2015;2015/2014) Map source: Hungarian Tourism Ltd. 2015

11 GUEST NIGHTS BY ACCOMMODATION TYPES IN Hungary in 2015 Bungalows 5,81% Camping sites 9,01% 5 star hotels 0,00% Community hostels 8,62% 4 star hotels 40,80% Boarding houses 8,54% Spa hotels 11,18% 3 star hotels 16,03% Source: HCSO Preliminary data 2015

12 Tourism in Pécs (2015) No 5 star hotel 5th biggest settlement Tourist arrivals in public accommodation establishments (capita): 111,904 Guest nights in public accommodation establishments (pieces): 229,949 Unesco World Heritage (2000) European Capital of Culture (2010)

13 Attractions of Pécs

14 Results

15 National level:

16 National level: figures Settlement size and Airbnb/Traditional accommodation ratio: r=0,81 correlation coefficient (p=0,005) strong, positive correlation No significant difference between Airbnb/Traditional accommodation ratio in settlement size and top10 tourism destination

17 Airbnb in Pécs

18 Sources: Airbnb.com (2016)

19 Listings by accommodation type in Pécs 1% 2% 7% 20% 70% Shared room House Apartment Private room Other

20 Pieces Pieces Pieces 40 Airbnb listings in Pécs by registration year Airbnb listings in Pécs by price/night Person per Airbnb accommodation in Pécs Less than 5000 Forint Forint Forint Forint More than Forint More than 10

21 Edited by Dóra Bálint (2016)

22 Edited by Dóra Bálint (2016)

23 Edited by Dóra Bálint (2016)

24 Edited by Dóra Bálint (2016)

25 Edited by Dóra Bálint (2016)

26 Conclusions National level: Settlement size correlates with traditional/airbnb accommodation ratio penetration of innovation (hierarchic) No significant difference between ratios in biggest and top10 tourism settlements Budapest represents an outstanding position both traditional and Airbnb accommodations West-East slope differences (diffuse) Settlement level Pécs: Airbnb: spatial concentration (city centre attraction proxemity) Housing estates: lack of listings Minimal spatial differences between traditional accommodations and Airbnb Airbnb supply: mostly apartments

27 Sources Pictures of Hungary: _ _o.jpg jpg?auto=enhance&w= Pictures of Pécs:

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