3-årigt Collective Forsknings project 2006 Sept Budget: 3,3 Mio. - EU: 2,5 Mio. (24 mill kr.) SustainAqua Training material:

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Sharon Hodges
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1 SustainAqua 3-årigt Collective Forsknings project 2006 Sept Budget: 3,3 Mio. - EU: 2,5 Mio. (24 mill kr.) SustainAqua Training material: Håndbog (13 sprog) SustainAqua Wiki (English, Spanish, Turkish)

2 Baggrund Trusler fra flere fronter: Lav pris konkurrence; Asien mm. Europæisk og national lovgivning: Miljø Kvalitet Sundhed Udgangspunkt i 5 case studier Switzerland: Tilapia Overskuds varme Poland: Alm. Karpe Ungarn: Afrikansk og Europæisk catfish/malle Holland: Tilapia Denmark: ørred

3 Consortium 10 IAGs 6 SMEs 7 RTDs 12 lande

4 Objectives Miljø WATER NUTRIENT Genbrug af vand Lokal klima stabilitet Reduktion af spidevand/udledning Bedre benyttelse af næringsstoffer Reduktion i udledning ENERGY Reduktion af energi behov

5 Objectives Økonomisk dimension MARKETS PROFITABILITY Diversify markets/ products/ services Højkvalitetsprodukter Forbedre forbrugernes accept Bæredygtighed for management Reducerede omkostninger til energi, vandbehandling. Fiskefoder og ferskvand Forbedret vækst Reduceret arbejdsomkostning pr kg fisk

6 Objectives Social dimension NUTRITION Sunde og næringsrige fisk EMPLOYMENT RURAL DEVELOPMENT TRADITION/ CULTURE

7 Objectives Bæredygtighedsindikatorer: Miljø, økonomisk velfærd, social Store forskelle Ekstensiv >< intensiv Hvad er bæredygtigt?

8 It is not just about fish... but it opens (fish)farmers new options to sustainably develop value added

9 Schweiz - Case study - Væksthus Tropenhaus Ruswil the Swiss pilot case study (1500 m2, since 1999) Gaskompressorstation naturgaspipelinien, Holland til Italien

10 Energy Source Gaskompressorstation naturgaspipelinien, Holland til Italien

12 Case study - Tropenhaus

13 Case study - Tropenhaus Case study

14 Innovation Aquaponic Filter Innovation

15 Innovation What is new: Plastic boxes filled with expanded clay pellets Water coming from the fish tanks is charged at the top of the boxes

16 Innovation What is new: Slots at the sides and the bottom of the boxes, facilitate aeration of the filter and prevent anaerobic conditions

17 Innovation What is new: Plant roots help improve the mechanical performance of the filter and provide habitat for microorganisms

18 Practical examples Practical example Tropenhaus Ruwsil Pilot (10 års erfaring) Ca. 2 tons tilapia Tropenhaus Wolhusen und Fruttigen Ca. 11 tons tilapia (under konstruktion) besøgende Yderligere projekter (CH, D, I)

19 Practical examples Tropenhaus WH Visitors Garden Practical example

20 Practical examples Tropenhaus WH Visitors Garden Practical example

21 Ungarn : African catfish / Malle African catfish production in geothermal water in Hungary Flow trough

22 Plantelagune, 300 tons African catfish Innovation Kun andel af vandet, ingen rensning- >forventning - krav ved VRD Area: 1.1 ha ~ (3,4 l/sek) Opholdstid: 18 dage Energi afgrøder, Pil, tagrør, dunhammer mm. 12 ha / m2 til 300 tons fisk

23 Principles

24 Warm water flow-through system in Hungary with wetland

25 Principles

26 Ungarn : resultater Effektiv næringsstoffjernelse: 1,3 kg N/ha, 130 kg P/ha and 7,500 kg COD/ha positivt energibudget forbrug af MJ energy (97% electric, 3% fuel) production af MJ fuel value - energy planter (pil, tagrør mm.) Produktion 1250 kg/ha fish (mainly common carp) 41 tons plant biomass Størrelse 36 ha 900 tons Kongeåens i dag 1,2 ha

27 Polen : Stør/Paddlefish lovende art i dam polyculture Summary Background Objectives Consortium Case studies Outlook

28 Karpe produktion i Polen Introduction Drawbacks TASTE ~ ha karpe damme Årlig production ~ t produktion kg/ha år semi-intesive production: gødning og foder 3 års produktion (50g, 250g, 1500g) >90% is monoculture of common carp additional fish species: bighead carp, silver carp, grass carp, tench, pike, pikeperch, european catfish, crucian carp

29 Traditionel karpe dam Polyculture: paddlefish fremfor bighead carp Ingen foder eller gødning

30 Principles Principles Common carp Silver carp Bighead carp Grass carp Tench Drawbacks TASTE Paddlefish

31 Benefits FISH STOCK Benefits Drawbacks TASTE

32 Polen: 3-damme modul Introduction Anvendelse af affaldsstoffer fra Landbruget Damme, flow-through, Polyculture

33 Introduction Part of the system A Zooplankton compartment B Filtrators part C Polyculture compartment D Sedimentation compartment CASCADING MODULE Description the compartment supplied with manure organic matter derived from the manure was main energy source for zooplankton and bacterioplankton development no fish stocked 33% of the total system area stocked with filtrating fish to utilize plankton developed in compartment A 17% of the cascade area stocked in polyculture of common carp, bighead carp, silver carp and grass carp nutrients and fish to utilize plankton developed in compartment A 25% of the cascade area acting as a sedimentation tank for suspended solids coming from part C 25% of the cascade area

34 Introduction EXAMPLE: 25 m3 gødning pr. Hektar Virker ikke om vinteren

35 Holland Tilapia/Catfish

36 Holland Case study Tilapia RAS Recirkulerede Aquaculture Systemer Reducere energy og vand forbrug spildevandsafgift mængder af spildevand off flavour

37 Principles Steps in RAS Design Principles 1. Growth traject Tilapia Stocking weight 70 Gram Market weight 845 Gram Time 24 Weeks Feed intake Feed conversion 1.34 Max fish density 140 kg/m 3 Mortality 0.5 %

38 Case study Case study Manure denitrification process Opstrøms denitrificerings enhed

39 Case study Case study Manure denitrification process Dentrification proces in words Org. compound (soluble) + Nitrate + Ammonium Biomass + Nitrogen gas + Alkalinity + Carbondioxide + Water + Energy

40 Case study Case study Research questions - Effect upflow velocity - Effect of C : N ratio - foder - Effect plant protein diet - Effect on off flavour health and welfare

41 Innovation Conventional RAS Innovation

42 Innovation RAS with USB-MDR

43 Principles Results Sustainability parameters, resource use per kg harvested Principles Resource use Conventional RAS USB-MDR Fingerlings (#/kg) Feed (kg/kg) Electricity (kwh/kg) Heating (kwh/kg) Water (L/kg) Oxygen (kg/kg) Bicarbonate (g/kg) a Labour (h/mt) a) In practice the need for bicarbonate (alkalinity) is actually nihil when denitrification is applied.

44 Principles Sustainability parameters, waste discharge per kg harvested. Waste discharge Conventional USB-MDR Principles Nitrogen Solid (g/kg) Dissolved (g/kg) Phosphorus Solid (g/kg) Dissolved (g/kg) COD Solid (g/kg) Dissolved (g/kg) 41 7 TOD Solid (g/kg) Dissolved (g/kg) 50 8 CO (kg/kg 2 incl gas) TDS (g/kg) Conductivity (μs/cm)

45 Benefits Benefits Benefits Resource use Nutrient reuse Nutrient discharge kwh/kg fish harvested (1,7 kwh kg fisk i modeldambrug ) - 202L water/kg harvested Modeldamburg 3000 l/kg - heat production 0.5 kwh/kg fish - 83% for N; 61% COD; 63% for TOD - 33% for CO 2-55% TDS

46 Case study Case study Periphyton Samling af mikroorganismer, mikraalger, bakterier Nedsænket i et fotrtropisk miljø - (naturligt system) Omsætter organisk materiale, O 2 neutral. Reducere coliforme bakterier i anlæget opretholde fordelagtig mikrobiel vandkvalitet Improves survival/immune system/smag

47 Innovation Innovation Forbedringer: Effect of light Effect of C:N balance i foder Effect of flow rate of periphyton Laboratorie forsøg

48 Innovation Experimental set-up: Innovation Use PTS as water treatment unit in RAS

49 Innovation Innovation Better water quality compared to conventional RAS Better fish performance Large surface (m 2 ) needed per kg fish ( 1:1)

50 Principles Light = major limiting factor for algae growth Phototrophic biofilms driven by light as energy source Principles SP = saturation point PI= photo-inhibition Full sunlight: light intensity 1700 μmol photon.m -2.s -1 (Richardson et al., 1983) Induction level of photo-inhibition highly variable

51 Effect of light on PTS performance Principles Periphyton: algal composition Principles * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Cyanobac teria ** ** ** ** ** * * * * * Significant differences: *P<0.05 **P<0.01 ***P<0.001 ** * Green algae Diatoms/Dinoflag ellates

52 Effect of light on PTS performance Principles Strong effect on water quality (selected parameters) Principles *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** In addition: From week 2, 90 L of water/system discharged each week DO and CO 2 concentration were also significantly improved by higher light int TAN and NO 2 -N concentrations maintained close to zero for both treatments

53 Effect of light on PTS performance Principles Principles Conclusions Light intensity does affect the performance of an ATS integrated in RAS in term of water quality: Better water quality achieved with higher light irradiances No effect on fish, at least for the difference in light intensity chosen Light intensity does affect the nutritional value of the periphyton produced Better nutritional value achieved with lower light irradiances

54 Denmark Case study Danmark Traditional Model

55 Airlift Energieffektivitet Energy forbrug 1,7 kwh per kg prod. fish

56 Kvalitet: Modeldambrug vs. Traditionelt dambrug Ingen significant forskel

57 Plante laguner

58 Tak for jeres opmærksomhed Mere information: SustainAqua Håndbog WIKI E learning, uge 27 eller 28 Consensus DTU/Dansk Akvakulturs hjemmeside Aqua Nor Trondheim, august 2009

3-årigt Collective Forsknings project 2006 Sept. 2009 Budget: 3,3 Mio. - EU: 2,5 Mio. (24 mill kr.) SustainAqua Training material:

SustainAqua 3-årigt Collective Forsknings project 2006 Sept. 2009 Budget: 3,3 Mio. - EU: 2,5 Mio. (24 mill kr.) SustainAqua Training material: Håndbog (13 sprog) SustainAqua Wiki (English, Spanish, Turkish)