Eco-innovation & Future Actions with OECD

Transcription

1 Eco-innovation & Future Actions with OECD 2007, June 22 Director, R&D Div., METI/Japan Yuko Yasunaga, workshop on Sustainable Manufacturing Production and Competitiveness / Copenhagen

2 <Contents> 1. Why do we discuss Eco-innovation? 2. What is Eco-innovation? 3. Current Situation surrounding Eco-innovation 4. Technologies/ Business-models/ Institutional Scheme for Eco-innovation ~Case Studies from Japan s Experiences~ 5. Related Questions 6. Future Actions with OECD (for discussion)

3 1. Why do we discuss Eco-innovation? Emerging constraints: - Environment (CO 2,Hazardous wastes, ) - Energy (Peak-out of Oil / Gas, BRICs consumptions.) - Resource (Rare metals, Rare earth) Critical importance for the whole picture of new society and new industries. Need a novel growth model in the 21st. Century

4 2. What is Eco-innovation? (1) Create environment / energy / resource rather than consume those Need a long-term and global viewpoint (need a paradigm change) Dimensions and approach «3 dimensions» Sustainable industrial structure / technology Sustainable social infrastructure Sustainable life-style «Comprehensive approach» Technology / Business model / Institutional framework

5 2. What is Eco-innovation? (2) Technology side - Decrease Fossil Fuel Dependence /CO 2 Emission Apply Non-carbon Input for Energy Apply Non-fossil Carbon Input for chemicals - Decrease Critical Element (Rare-metal, Rare-earth, etc.) Consumption and Develop Manufacturing Technologies with Ubiquitous Resources - New Manufacturing Process out of High-temperature / High- pressure / Large-scale process - Cyclic Eco-friendly Production Complex - Small Factory (Small products from small production facility) - On-demand/Reconfigurable/No-warm-up Production - Biomimetic Technology - Energy/Resource Conserving Infrastructure (IT network, Electric Power Generation/Grid, Transportation)

6 2. What is Eco-innovation? (3) Industry Society/City Infrastructure Life-style Manufacturing service Energy Supply City/Transportation Home Office Sustainable Industry Structure Sustainable Social Infrastructure Sustainable Life style Technology Sustainable Manufacturing Renewable Energy EV FCV Energy-dependent Housing Sustainable Office Supply Biz-model Institutional System Cyclic resource use Green Servicizing Gov t Support for Market Penetration Small Factory Superconductivity Elec. Transmission Comprehensive energy biz Civil Engineering with Cyclic Resource Utilization Localized supply/consum ption Compact City Sustainable Town Building Modal shift Hydrogen Fueling Station Auto leasing /sharing Community- Scale Fuel Cells Ultra long life housing 3D-VR SOHO/ tele-work No Commuting Personal-contract base office work

7 2. What is Eco-innovation? (4) - Wider Concept Sustainable society eco-innovation Specific Technology R&D Renewable Energy ergonomics/humaninspired engineering Biz Model biomass manufacturing Trans -portation service industry Social System Low Carbon Society Energy conservation secured life Comprehensive International Penetration/ cooperation Environment-centric Social/public Human-centric Personal

8 2. What is Eco-innovation? (5) Industry / Society of 21st.Century Sustainable Industry Sustainable Society Sustainable Life <Industrial Sectors> Biomass-based Chemical Industry/Green Chemistry High-tech Industry with Ubiquitous Elements Small Factory Eco-Friendly-Complex <Transportation> Environment-friendly Transportation System FCV / EV, energy- saving ITS, new road infrastructure <Energy> Sustainable Energy Supply System Renewable, Nuclear, Hydrogen, Superconductivity, etc. <Home> Low Energy Consumption and Long-life Housing <Office> Energy / Resource Saving Office Bio-mimetics <IT> Environment-friendly IT Infrastructure (NGN, Low power device, Low power display, etc. )

9 3. Current Situation Surrounding Eco-innovation Very Weak Linkage between Science/Technology/Business! (Almost) No Basic Research by Industry Technology (Corporate Lab.) Science (Univ.) (Almost) Only Kaizen & Combination and Optimization Type Development Weak linkage Chemistry Biology Physics Energy Science (Almost) No Interdisciplinary Research Effort between Different Fields Weak Signal Weak Linkage between Science & Technology (Biz Unit) Business Weak Signal Potential Market Smaller Biz than Expected

10 4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional (1)Technologies for Sustainable Industrial Structure Scheme for Eco-innovation <New Manufacturing with Ubiquitous Resources> (1)Indium(In) Used in Flat Panel Display as Transparent Electrode <Table Top Chemical Factory> Large-scale production in large facility Micro-reactor & continuous process Flat Panel TV Substitution (ZnO,etc.), Conservation with Nano-level Thin Film (2)Tungsten(W) Used in Super-hard Manufacturing Tool Substitution ( Ti-based Alloy, etc.) Small Chip Micro Reactor Stacked Micro-reactor

11 4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional (2)Biz Model for Sustainable Industrial Structure Scheme for Eco-innovation Automobile Shredder Residual PCB from Appliances Appliances <Metal Smelter as a Recycle Plant> (contents) Cu 2~10% Au 0.3~0.7g/t Ag 0.3~0.7g/t Pb 0.2~0.5% input 44,400t/yr processing milling de-chlorization metal recovery furnace Cu 1,780t/yr Au 22kg/yr Ag 440kg/yr Pb 180t/yr Metal Recovery Panassonic s Light Service Biz: contract only providing light, with light bulb owned by Panassonic Steam Factory Reduction in Heavy Oil Consumption (5,000kl/yr)

12 4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional Scheme for Eco-innovation (3)Sustainable Social Infrastructure in a Compact City Local Heat/Electricity Supply from Production Facility to City Infrastructure Renewable Electricity Generation and Superconductivity Transmission Line Local supply of Biomass Fuel Local Water Recycle material recycle Waste fuelled power plant water electricity heat biomass fuel

13 5. Related Questions (1) Relationship between number,price & function of product and size of production process needs rebalancing? Example Why MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanics System), logic-lsi and memory LSI are produced with the same production technology? We need the optimal production technology for variable quantity - many kinds products.

14 5. Related Questions (1) ~illustration~ Total production cost MEMS logic-lsi Memory-LSI Variable Cost(Memory LSI) Variable Cost(Logic-LSI) Fixed Cost (Memory-LSI) Variable Cost(MEMS) Fixed Cost (Logic-LSI) Fixed Cost(MEMS) amount of production

15 5. Related Questions (2) Question of how to realize the optimized society is interpreted as the question of how to overcome lock-in associated with legacy economic / technological regime (as initial / boundary conditions)?

16 5. Related Questions (3) Total optimization approach (NOT partial) requires various methodologies for: 1) treating different time-horizon issues simultaneously (both technologically and socio-economically) 2) solving many equations with many variables and historicallycohesive initial / boundary conditions 3) creating solutions varied with each economy s economic / environmental / cultural reality (sector approach) 4) harmonizing political / economic / ethical requirement

17 6. Future Action with OECD Learn more from member countries best practices and find implications to each member country s industrial / governmental / consumer sectors Involve more industrial sectors and academia to discuss sustainability indicators and methodologies to incorporate dynamic factors, such as R&D Discuss each member country s policy / technology roadmap

18 (Reference 1) Hypothetical Model of Industrial Innovation The resonance of science and technology Science Science Technology Technology Corporate R&D Section The integration of technology and management Business/Manufacturing Business/Manufacturing University / Public Research Org. Corporate Biz. Div.

19 (Reference 2) Sector Analysis (1) ~ drug discovery, medical equipment 4Sufficient researcher s inflow from nanotech, IT, physics, etc.? MEXT METI MHLW 13iSufficient ntragovernmental collaborations? Technology 5 Sufficient researchers at the cutting-edge biotechnology? 7Hesitation to new technologies? Mechanical engineering Electronics Chemistry Material engineering Science (Science) biology (Engineering) fermentation engineering Applied physics (agriculture) agricultural biology (pharmacy) pharmacy (medicine) medical science Fundamental 3Divided? Clinical Chemistry, Material Medicine 6 Can compete with overseas mega companies? Wall 8Cross-sectional understanding between equioment and medicine? Business Mechatronics Analysis Equipment Electronic Devices 9 regulation (Pharmaceutical Affairs Law) 10 insurance score 11IPO as an Exit for start-ups? Market 12Aging society and insurance can be saved with biotechnology? 1Sufficient cross-cutting researcher? 2 Deepest river / highest wall? How to deepen pathology / system biology?

20 Sector Analysis (2) ~ robot (Reference 3) 3Sufficient research activities? T 4Sufficient overlaps and bi-directional flows? 2Include brain science? Ergonomics S cs Machani Electronic s 1Hogh wall between different areas? Control The ory Brain Science Machine Sensor Control Artificial Intelligence B/M AI software Industrial robots robots for the special environment Service robot Consumer Electronics Automobiles, ITS 6Unique biz-model / profitable value creation? 7Suitable robot applied for specified use? 8Balance between function and cost? Market 5Sufficient consideration on safety? (insurance, guideline, and gathering system of accident information) The next generation industrial robot Business/home-use Robot RT in consumer electronic/automobile/house)

21 (Reference 4) Sector Analysis (3) ~ functional chemicals 2Sufficient multi-disciplinary researches? 5Sufficient multi-disciplinary collaborations between academia and industry? T 6Can device manufacturer / system integrator properly lead direction of material technology? 7Intra-company silo among researcher/engineers? S B/M 8Long and winding innovation path? 3π- type researchers? 12Current strength continuing? 1 Silo sectionalism? Comfortable but not aggressive 4Does university research hit the critical industry challenge? 9Equal partnership established between company-company collaborations? Smooth interaction? 10 Can compete with foreign giant? 11No wall among different business sectors? 13How the resource / energy constraints affect the future chemical industry structure?

22 (Reference 5) Sector Analysis (4) ~ semiconductor, electronics 6Challenging multi-disciplinary research between semiconductor and nanotechnology/ biotechnology/robotics? 7Proper strategy for intellectual property rights? 3Sufficient basic research for the age of beyond Si-CMOS? (10~15 years later) T 8 Do-all-by-itself but self-distrust? S B/M 9Now s the time for restructuring the value chain? Chance or crisis? 5Competitive design power? 10Still try-and-error type of operation at fabrication process development? 1Human resource with sufficient bases of physics/chemistry/mathematics? 4Even after NTT privatization, sufficient semiconductor basic research at universities? 4Sufficient resource for core technology for the next generation? 12Sufficient investment for R&D and manufacturing capacity under the situation of lowering market share? 13Strategic market segmentation and suitable business model? 11Proper business environment to foster start-ups to facilitate disruptive innovation?