High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Test Solution Overview Using the E5071C ENA Option TDR
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1 High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Using the E5071C ENA Option TDR Keysight Technologies Component Test Division Revision /03/12 (YS)
2 Reference Documents High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Specification Version 2.0 High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Version 2.0 Compliance Test Specification Page 2
3 Keysight Digital Standards Program Our solutions are driven and supported by Keysight experts involved in international standards committees: Joint Electronic Devices Engineering Council (JEDEC) PCI Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG ) High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Forum Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Serial ATA International Organization (SATA-IO) USB-Implementers Forum (USB-IF) Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) Alliance And many others We re active in standards meetings, workshops, plugfests, and seminars. We get involved so you benefit with the right solutions when you need them. Keysight experts help define next generation standards and solutions Page 3
4 Keysight HDMI 2.0 Total Test Solution SW Source Test Cable Test Sink Test (ParBERT) N5399C HDMI Electrical Compliance Test Software N5990A Automatic SW for HDMI compliance Sink Test (AWG) N5990A Automatic SW for HDMI compliance Protocol Test U4998A SW for HDMI compliance HW Fixture DUT DSO90000A Infiniium real time scope 13 GHz BIT Tx Source E5071C Option TDR ENA Network Analyzer E4887A ParBERT TMDS Signal Generator Cable Emulator M8190A AWG U4998A (N5998A) HDMI 1.4 protocol analyzer/ generator Protocol Test on U4998A is supported up to HDMI 1.4b N1080B BIT BIT For HDMI 2.0 third party protocol testers are supported in Rx Rx Tx Valiframe SW Cable Sink Sink Source Rx Page 4
5 HDMI Versions Ver Date /12/09 Initial release /05/20 Minor corrections /08/22 Minor corrections 1.2a 2005/12/14 Minor corrections /06/22 Type C Mini-Connector ( , ) Cable Categories 1 and 2 (4.2.6) Deep Color [4:4:4] (6.5, 8.3.2) Reference Cable Equalizer ( , 4.2.5, 4.2.6) Higher-speed single-link (4.1.2, 4.2.3,through 4.2.6, 8.3.2) High-bitrate compressed audio formats (5.3.11, 7.2.4, 7.3.3, 7.6.2) 1.3a 2006/11/10 Minor corrections /06/05 Type D Connector ( , , ) Type E Connector and Cable ( , , , , 4.2.1, , 4.2.6) Audio Return Channel Overview (7.12) 3D and 4K x 2K video format (8.2.3, 8.3.2, Appendix H) HDMI Ethernet and Audio Return Channel (HEAC) features(supplement 2) 1.4a 2010/03/04 Minor corrections 1.4b 2011/10/11 Minor corrections /09/04 TMDS Character Rates dfrom 340 to 600Mcsc (6.1.1) Scrambling for EMI/RFI reducation at all TMDS Character rates (6.1.2) TMDS Character Error Detection (6.2) Page 5
6 HDMI Overview The HDMI cable carry four differential pairs that make up the TMDS data and clock channels. These channels are used to carry video, audio and auxiliary data. In addition, HDMI carries a VESA DDC channel. At the source, TMDS encoding converts the 8 bits per TMDS data channel into the 10 bit DC-balanced, transition minimized sequence which is then transmitted serially across the pair at a rate of 10 bits per TMDS clock period. Note: CEC: Consumer Electronics Control HEAC: HDMI Ethernet and Audio Return Channel DDC: used for configuration and status exchange between a single Source and a single Sink CEC (optional): provides high-level control functions between all of the various audiovisual products in a user s environment. HEAC (optional): provides Ethernet compatible data networking between connected devices and an Audio Return Channel in the opposite direction from TMDS Page 6
7 HDMI 2.0 Compliance Test TMDS Electrical Tests Measurement Parameters HF1-9 (Source) / HF2-4 (Sink) Differential Impedance measured with TDR/TDT Network Analyzer Differential impedance measured while the source/sink is powered on and the source transmitting data (Hot TDR Measurements). Hot TDR measurement is the impedance analysis of active devices under actual operation conditions. Source TMDS Electrical 6G Tests HF1-1: Vl and Vswing HF1-2: Trise, Tfall HF1-3: Inter-pair Skew HF1-4: Intra-pair Skew HF1-5: Differential Voltage HF1-6: Clock Duty Cycle and Clock Rate HF1-7: Clock Jitter HF1-8: Data Eye Diagram HF1-9: Differential Impedance Sink TMDS Electrical 6G Tests HF2-1: Min/Max Differential Swing Tolerance HF2-2: Intra-pair Skew HF2-3: Jitter Tolerance HF2-4: Differential Impedance HF2-52: Character Error Rate Page 7
8 HDMI Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Source TMDS Differential Impedance Measurement Confirm that the TMDS impedance of the Source DUT is within the specified limits, on each TMDS data differential pairs (D0, D1, and D2), while the source is transmitting data. Page 8
9 HDMI Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Sink TMDS Differential Impedance Measurement Confirm that the TMDS impedance of the Sink DUT is within the specified limits, on each TMDS data differential pairs (D0, D1, and D2), while the sink in powered on. Page 9
10 HDMI Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Solution Traditional Solution New Solution VNA-based solutions offer significant advantages for Hot TDR measurements. Time Domain (Hot TDR) HF1-9: Differential Impedance HF2-4: Differential Impedance TDR Scope ENA Option TDR Page 10
11 ohm db Hot TDR Measurements Why Measure? Hot TDR measurement is the impedance analysis of active devices under actual operation conditions Typically, impedance of the device in the OFF state and ON state (Hot TDR) is significantly different. Impedance may vary with the data rate as well. TDR (Time Domain) Return Loss (Freq Domain) OFF 1333Mbps (ON) 334Mbps (ON) 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G 6G 666M freq(hz) Page 11
12 Hot TDR Measurements Why Measure? 1. Signal transmitted from Source Eye Degradation Source Channel Sink 3. Re-reflection from Source due to impedance mismatches Partial reflection from Sink due to impedance mismatches Page 12
13 Hot TDR Measurements Why Measure? Source Impedance NOT Matched Source Impedance Matched Page 13
14 Advantage of VNA-based Solution for Hot TDR Measurements TDR Oscilloscope VNA (ENA Option TDR) Source t t wideband receiver captures all of the signal energy from the source t Source t t narrowband receiver minimizes the effects of the data signal from the source t fc freq fc freq time Extensive averaging is necessary to obtain a stable waveform. time In many cases, averaging is not necessary to obtain a stable waveform. Page 14
15 [Video] HDMI 2.0 Source Impedance Measurement Example Wide IF Bandwidth (IFBW) Transmitter spurs contribute significant measurement errors, resulting in highly unstable results. IFBW = 70kHz TDR (Time Domain) Return Loss (Freq Domain) fc freq Transmitter spurs Page 15
16 [Video] HDMI 2.0 Source Impedance Measurement Example Narrow IF Bandwidth (IFBW) Narrow IFBW setting reduces the effects of the transmitter spurs. In many cases, averaging is not necessary to obtain a stable waveform. IFBW = 1kHz TDR (Time Domain) Return Loss (Freq Domain) fc freq Page 16
17 HDMI Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Solution Typical Configuration MOI Step-by-step procedure on how to measure the specified parameters using ENA Option TDR. ENA Mainframe E5071C-245/445: 2/4-port, 100k to 4.5GHz E5071C-265/465: 2/4-port, 100k to 6.5GHz E5071C-285/485: 2/4-port, 100k to 8.5GHz E5071C-2D5/4D5: 2/4-port, 300k to 14GHz E5071C-2K5/4K5: 2/4-port, 300k 20GHz Enhanced Time Domain Analysis Option (E5071C-TDR) ECal Module N4431B for E5071C-245/445,265/465,285/485 N4433A for E5071C-2D5/4D5,2K5/4K5 (*) The list above includes the major equipment required. Please contact our sales representative for configuration details. Method of Implementation (MOI) document available for download on HDMI Adopter Extranet Instrument setup files are available for free download on Keysight.com Test Fixtures Keysight N1080B-H06 HDMI EDID Board ENA Option TDR is listed as an authorized test tool for Source/Sink Impedance Testing in the HDMI 2.0 Compliance Test Specification (CTS) AND BitifEye (Type A or Type D) BitifEye Bit HDMI 2.0 Type A Source Test Plug Adapter Kit or BitifEye Bit HDMI 2.0 Type D Test Plug Adapter Kit Page 17
18 ENA Option TDR Certified Method of Implementation (MOI) Available for free download at Cable / Connector USB HDMI SATA DisplayPort 100BASE-TX 10GBASE-T 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR MHL PCIe BroadR-Reach Tx/Rx Impedance (Hot TDR) HDMI SATA MIPI 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR MHL Thunderbolt SD Card (UHS-II) Cfast Page 18
19 Certified Test Centers using ENA Option TDR ENA Option TDR is used world wide by certified test centers of USB, HDMI, DisplayPort, MHL, Thunderbolt and SATA. HDMI - Authorized Test Centers (ATC) Page 19
20 HDMI Source/Sink Impedance Compliance Test Solution Summary Narrow-band receiver architecture provides fast and accurate Hot TDR measurements Similar look-and-feel to traditional TDR scopes, providing simple and intuitive operation even for users unfamiliar to VNAs and S-parameters Adopted by test labs worldwide Page 20
21 Page 21
22 What is ENA Option TDR? The ENA Option TDR is an application software embedded on the ENA, which provides an one-box solution for high speed serial interconnect analysis. Time Domain Frequency Domain 3 Breakthroughs for Signal Integrity Design and Verification Eye Diagram Simple and Intuitive Operation Fast and Accurate Measurements ESD protection inside High ESD Robustness Page 22
23 What is ENA Option TDR? [Video] Changing the world of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Measurements Page 23
24 Additional Resources ENA Option TDR Reference Material Technical Overview ( EN) Application Notes Correlation between TDR oscilloscope and VNA generated time domain waveform ( EN) Comparison of Measurement Performance between Vector Network Analyzer and TDR Oscilloscope ( EN) Effective Hot TDR Measurements of Active Devices Using ENA Option TDR ( EN) Measurement Uncertainty of VNA Based TDR/TDT Measurement ( EN) Accuracy Verification of Agilent s ENA Option TDR Time Domain Measurement using a NIST Traceable Standard ( EN) Method of Implementation (MOI) for High Speed Digital Standards Page 24
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