Inhoud Katrina Vergelijking met Nederland Nederlanders in New Orleans Andere opgaven in de VS California Florida Doet u mee?
De verwoesting van Katrina Waterstanden 8/29/2005; 6AM
80% van de stad onder water
Oorzaken Katrina was storm zwaarder dan ontwerpomstandigheden Het systeem dat de stad had moeten beschermen, was niet klaar Het systeem kende een aantal slechte concepten Technische gebreken Achterstallig beheer en onderhoud
Vergelijking Nederland
Vergelijking Nederland 1953 floods Netherlands New Orleans 2005 Number of inhabitants in the flooded area 250.000 500.000 Number of fatalities 1835 1100 Flooded area 2000km 2 260km 2 Direct economic damage Fl 1,5 billion (in 1953 guilders) US $ 30 billion Number of dike breaches 140 30
Vergelijking Nederland
Nederlanders in New Orleans Katrina Dutch expertise Invitation Local Hero
Nederlanders in New Orleans Joint efforts Embassy and Consulates NWP Rijkswaterstaat EVD
Current Corps Goal: 1/100 year storm protection Katrina = 1/400 year storm! Category 5 Hurricane Protection = 1/500 year NL to propose 1/5000 year
) ( max ) ( ) *. ( ) ( ) *. (, max, max max, max η τ η τ η τ η τ η τ = right left right left dt dt t width right left 7 0 7 0 2 () ) ) ( exp(, max,, right left right left width t t width t right left par 2 2 2 2 1 = η π η LACPR
Existing condition 100 year Interim gate 100 year IHNC/GIWW interim solution (1) NO Metro NO East 90% 40% St Bernard 60% Raise floodwalls/levees 100 year New Orleans Metro benefits from measures, whereas effect in other polders is not significant Main sources of water for St Bernard and New Orleans East are outside GIWW/IHNC Unique opportunity to get more involved in storm surge barrier project!
Social life in the Big Easy
California and Water 7th largest economy in world ($1.7 trillion GSP, 6/7th largest), with 37 million residents Population will double by 2050 1849: Gold (rush)! Farming: 2/3rds US fruits, vegetables and nuts grown in CA Central Valley (Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers) 18 million people in SW CA depend upon NE California for drinking water Gold mining shaped rivers and delta (hydraulic mining, shipping, narrow channel for scouring ) History of regular and massive flooding: The Inland Sea
CA Water system Whiskey is for drinking water is for fighting over Water system in poor shape; routine spring flooding; climate change threatens Sacramento (CA state capitol) is at higher risk for flooding than New Orleans (1/85 year protection level). If you thought Katrina was bad.
Water Supply and Conveyance Federal, State and Local governments manage conveyance projects Water moves from N-S and E-W System is old, conveyance capacity insufficient for developments (agriculture, drink and wastewater) More storage? By whom? Where/who pays? Climate change impacts in Sierras
Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers 1200 miles of levees along CA rivers outside of Delta Levees: nonengineered, soft sub-soil, poorly designed/maintained Vegetation, muskrats, development near and on levees City of Sacramento: 1/85 year protection: 2 million people and $80 billion at risk Levees narrow on purpose: scouring of silt
Sutter and Yolo Bypasses (Room for the River) Sac river: extreme water levels, dry and wet seasons. Flow design: 8,500 cubic meters/second, but varies from 3,500 cubic meters/ second in summer to 19,500 cubic meters/ second in winter 2005; Battling the Inland Sea System of Bypasses
CA Levee Repair Program Oct 2006, Exec Order, $500 million for emergency levee repairs 33 sites identified, work completed 71 new sites added in Sept 2006 to emergency list 300 sites deferred Projects managed by CA DWR
CA FloodSafe Program $5 billion bonding approved in 2006 for evaluation, inspection and and repairs (10 year project) Floodsafe Program --reduce flood risk to homes and properties --sustainable flood management programs --reduce flood impact --climate change adaptation --Regular procurement notices (www.floodsafe.water.ca.gov/) June 2007: Governor proposes another $5 billion bond for flood protection
Bay Delta Water (mis)management High risk, vulnerable but crucial area water supply (drinking and irrigation/farming Land pressure (San Francisco) Habitat/environment Salinity Cantral Valley s drain Earthquakes 400 miles of Delta levees (1/3rd federal (Corps) levees, 2/3rds local/private levees (no money) 162 levee failures since 1950 Levees: Mostly non-engineered levees built by farmers (islands/polders)
Everglades: River of Grass Water flow: north-south 9 million acres, wetlands, wildlife habitat Agriculture Diverse mosaic of landscapes and seascapes 1920s: Floods from Lake Okeechobee Dike failures and from hurricanes Water supply (Miami) and salt intrusion
Central/S. Florida Water Project Constructed 1950s/60s 2000 miles of levees/canals 500 structures 50 pump stations Systems deals with extremes in water flow and in population influx Problems: Competing objectives!!!! Weather: too wet or too dry Deteriorating water quality (ag phosporous) Wetland and habitat loss Salinity intrusion
Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program (CERP framework to restore, protect, preserve water resources of central and southern Florida 40 major projects (many with Corps) $8-10 billion, over 10 years Increased storage is key
Herbert Hoover Dike + Lake Okeechobee Lake is 1900 sq km Water level driven by climactic conditions (rain, drought) Lake inflow capacity exceeds outflow capacity by 25% Winds create surge sloshing: big bowl Herbert Hoover Dike, constructed in 1927, protects surrounding communities Dike: weak, eroding, seaping
Waar een klein land groot in kan zijn Export product Techniek, maar ook Avontuurlijke mensen Open mind Out-of-the-box Doet u mee?
www.royalhaskoning.com