Configurable Sensor Nodes for AAL Applications Peter Langendörfer Krzysztof Piotrowski, Anna Sojka, Frank Vater IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 1
Some background 1 h to Berlin IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 2
Outline Introduction and Motivation Configuration approach: solutions and challenges First all IHP vital data monitoring node Life Demo: featuring Lars Wolf Conclusions IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 3
Example AAL Application AAL application for monitoring vital parameters and fall detection Requirements: Monitor vital parameters Fall detection Positioning Strong protection of user data Two different kinds of WSN required Fixed installation of large nodes Small body area network (BAN) IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 4
What we all would like to have Lego like interfaces But even the Lego world becomes more and more complex IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 5
Sensor Node Configuration Approach Development Milan tinydb tinydsm Mate Middleware Protocol Stack HW Energy Management Dependability Configurability Power Mgmt. B-Mac IHP-Beaconing 802.15.4 LEON IPMS430 EN13757-3-4 MIPS RF 802.15.4a RF 868MHz IPMS430 Memory 250KB HW Acc ECC, AES Microcontroller Speicher Hardware- Beschleuniger Power Supply Ein-/Ausgabe Basisband Baseband Analoges Frontend SPI Baseband 868MHz Runtime Sensorics On boardcomm. IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 6 Sensor
Compiling complex ASICs: Positioning node Fixed Point node: -32 bit µc, -UWB for communication and positioning LEON IMPS 430 Library ECC AES Node Memory Memory 32k 64k Power Mgmt. 802.15.4a UWB BaseBand Power Supply GSM SPI SPOx Temp IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 7
Positioning node (approx.) CardBus (Linux/Windows Host) I-Cache (16 kb) CardBus (Master) EJTAG (Debug) Leon Processor Core Bridge (Master) ( AMBA AHB Bus Bridge UART GPIO Serial 1+2 GPIO D-SPRAM (8 kb) CPU Control Bus Data I/O Control UART (Master) 0 Packet Filter (Master) / Checksum EPP UART Registers & Control Internal SRAM SRAM (32 kb) (32 kb) Memory Controller (AHB Slave) Check Sum1 ECC AES AES / MD5 Flash SRAM Data I/O IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 8
Compiling complex ASICs: vital data monitor Body Area Node (BAN) -16 bit µc -Communication interfaces (SPI, UWB) -Encryption -Fall sensor µc Leon IPMS 430 Memory Memory 32k 64k Library ECC AES 802.15.4a UWB Node Power Mgmt. Base Band Power Supply ACC SPI Temp SPOx IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 9
Sensor nodes for AAL- Applications: Hardware Power Mgmt. µc IPMS430 AES Memo Power Supply Base Band 802.15.4a UWB SPI Temp SPOx ACC Power Mgmt. Leon ECC/AES Memory Power Supply IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 802.15.4a Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 10 Base Band UWB
Interface Issues Strong need to combine individual hardware blocks 2nd µc or DSP Protocol accelerators Crypto accelerators Strong need to combine software components Protocols & operating systems Middleware & operating systems Middleware & applications Providing access to specialized hardware for Applications Middleware & protocols Operating system IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 11
Hardware Blueprint: Memory-like Interface (MLI) Data bus is 32 bit wide CHIP_SELECT-Signal is used to determine hardware block IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 12
Hardware Blueprint: Software for AES integration - AES data block 128 BIT => 4 chunks á 32 Bit - Commando word does not exist - Instead: address bits select the function (key, data, encryption/decryption) - Integration via Macro // AES base address #define AESBASE 0x20200000 //memory mapped IO //Write key writereg(0x2b7e1516, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 0); writereg(0x28aed2a6, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 1); writereg(0xabf71588, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 2); writereg(0x09cf4f3c, AESBASE + KEYBASE + 3); writereg(0x3243f6a8, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 0); writereg(0x885a308d, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 1); writereg(0x313198a2, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 2); writereg(0xe0370734, AESBASE + DATABASE + ENCRYPTION + 3); //Wait for 70 Clock cycles or interrupt //READ_OUT IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 13
Compiling complex software for heterogeneous systems Different OS ( tinyos, Contiki, ) and the same application on the top? Solution: OS adaption layer Library Monitor Application tinydsm BAN IPMS430 Fixed Node Leon Reflex Contiki ecos Adaption layer Adaption layer 802.15.4 802.15.4 IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 14
Software blueprint: tinydsm OS adaptation layer, realisation OS specific functionality realisations Timers Input/Output (flash, radio, etc.) Task scheduling The tinydsm middleware core integration The OS adaptation layer allows easy integration tinydsm is implemented in C Uses a specified internal interface for the used OS functions For each OS specific interface a wrapper is needed The OS adaptation layer consists of a complete set of wrappers IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 15
Software blueprint: Wrapper sample Communication interface process task implementation in the tinydsm core void CorecommIntProcess_Task(){ } scheduling of task in tinydsm known Corepost_commIntProcess(); Contiki Wrapper PROCESS(commIntProcess, "commintprocess"); PROCESS_THREAD(commIntProcess, ev, data){ PROCESS_BEGIN(); CorecommIntProcess_Task(); PROCESS_END(); } void Corepost_commIntProcess(){ process_post(&commintprocess, 0x81, 0); } TinyOS Wrapper task void commintprocess(){ CorecommIntProcess_Task(); } void Corepost_commIntProcess(){ post commintprocess(); } IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 16
tinydsm empowered event scripting ACC=1g ACC=1g Reasoning ACC > 1g? positioning ACC=1g ACC=1g ACC tinydsm update 802.15.4a UWB BAN Monitor Measurements tinydsm Reflex 802.15.4 IPMS430 ranging Event ACC IF acc > 1g trigger update() Event ACC IF acc > 1g trigger positioning(); Distributed fall detection based on tinydsm Monitor Measurements tinydsm ecos 802.15.4 Leon Positionierung IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 17
Vital data monitoring for firefighters IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 18
IHPs Sensor Node for Vital Data Monitoring IHP FeuerWhere Node IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 19
Conclusions Plug n Play for sensor node hard- and software is a big challenge Some solutions exist and can be used to customize sensor nodes Tool support is an open research issue Hand crafted working solution demonstrated IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 20
Thank you for your attention Questions or comments? Visit us @ Hannover Messe; Hall 2; Booth D52 Contact me at: langendoerfer@ihp-microelectronics.com http://www.ihp-microelectronics.com/~langend IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany www.ihp-microelectronics.com 2010 - All rights reserved 21