Name: CIBI 3031-062 Midterm Examination II 17 October 2005 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (2 points each) 1. Metabolism describes a. reactions that break apart nutrients to release energy. b. the cell s capacity to aquire energy. c. both of these 2. Glycolysis depends upon a continuous supply of glucose and a. NAD +. b. water. c. pyruvate. 3. Plants directly need which of the following to carry on photosynthesis? a. C 6 H12O6. b. c. H2O and CO2. O2. 4. The conversion of solar energy to chemical energy occurs during a. photosynthesis. b. respiration. c. glycolysis. 5. ATP is a. produced by transferring a phosphate group from ADP to another compound. b. the energy currency of a cell. c. produced during the phosphorylation of any organic compound. 6. Hydrogen ion flow in the thylakoid compartments of chloroplasts a. provides energy to produce ATP. b. occurs within photosystems I and II. c. causes excitation of chlorophyll molecules. 7. The carbon source for organisms that derive their energy from photosynthesis is a. carbon monoxide. b. carbon dioxide. c. hydrocarbons. 8. Essentially, the first law of thermodynamics says that a. one form of energy cannot be converted into another. b. energy can be neither created nor destroyed. c. entropy is decreasing in the universe. 9. NAD + and FAD are a. coenzymes. b. proteins. c. simple sugars. 10. Which of the following best describes an electron transfer chain? a. It requires activation by sunlight. b. It uses ATP in the synthesis of sugars. c. It transfers energy, stepwise, from one compound to another. 1
11. Photosystems are mainly a. light-trapping molecules. b. clusters of ATP molecules. c. sugar assembly sites. 12. Which of the following statements about the electromagnetic spectrum is true? a. Visible light has more energy than ultraviolet radiation. b. Chlorophyll absorbs some visible wavelengths, but not all. c. Chlorophyll absorbs all wavelengths of light equally. 13. The products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis a. are water and glucose. b. are used in the light-independent reactions. c. are complex carbohydrates and proteins. 14. Chlorophyll reflects (does not absorb) which color of light? a. violet b. green c. red 15. Which of the following is NOT true? a. Cells lose some energy in the form of heat. b. The most important form of energy available for living organisms is heat. c. The primary source for energy on earth is the sun. 16. Glycolysis a. results in the production of glucose and occurs in the chloroplast. b. results in the production of pyruvate and occurs in the cytoplasm. c. results in the production of pyruvate and occurs in the mitochondria. 17. The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis a. use carbon dioxide to produce food that cells can use. b. involve photolysis of water. c. produce pyruvate, which is used in the light-independent reactions. 18. In plants, photosynthesis occurs in a. chloroplasts. b. vacuoles. c. mitochondria. 19. In aerobic respiration, is used as the final electron acceptor. a. hydrogen b. carbon c. oxygen 20. The assembly of sugars during photosynthesis a. is performed by chlorophyll. b. occurs during light-independent reactions. c. occurs during light-dependent reactions. 21. Substances that enter a reaction are called a. intermediates. b. products. c. reactants. 2
22. The oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from a. water. b. glucose. c. carbon dioxide. 23. During the Krebs cycle, a. oxaloacetate is regenerated. b. electrons and H + are transferred to coenzymes NAD + and FAD. c. both of these 24. All living organisms a. are photoautotrophic. b. have a true nucleus. c. generate ATP and produce carbon dioxide. 25. The transition of the early earth's atmosphere from one rich in hydrogen to one rich in oxygen may be attributed to a. photophosphorylation. b. photolysis. c. chlorophyll degradation. 26. The chemical that enters the mitochondria to continue respiration is a. oxaloacetate. b. phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL). c. pyruvate. 27. The electron transfer chain of aerobic respiration is located a. on the inner membrane of the chloroplasts. b. on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. c. on the outer membrane of the mitochondria. 28. The Krebs cycle takes place in the a. mitochondria. b. chloroplasts. c. cytoplasm. 29. When light excites chlorophyll, the chlorophyll molecule a. becomes radioactive. b. absorbs the energy and moves an electron to a higher energy state. c. changes to carotene. 30. The greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in a. glycolysis. b. the Krebs cycle. c. electron transfer phosphorylation. 31. The breakdown of pyruvate in the Krebs cycle results in the release of a. carbon dioxide. b. oxygen. c. both of these. 3
32. The process by which a small amount of the energy in a glucose molecule is released, as it is converted into two small organic acid molecules, is called a. photolysis. b. oxidative phosphorylation. c. glycolysis. 33. Most carbon enters the web of life through a. photosynthesis. b. anaerobic respiration. c. aerobic respiration. 34. The most abundant acceptor for hydrogen released in the Krebs cycle is a. NAD +. b. FAD. c. FADH2. 35. When molecules are broken apart in aerobic respiration, a. the released energy is transferred to molecules of ATP. b. the oxygen in the compounds that are broken apart is used as an energy source. c. the heat produced is used to drive biological reactions. 36. Heterotrophs obtain their energy and carbon from a. the sun and atmosphere directly. b. chemical compounds formed by autotrophs. c. inorganic sources. 37. The original source for the energy stored in food is a. the sun. b. various metabolic pathways found in all living organisms. c. certain green plants. 38. For glycolysis to begin, a. there must be an input of energy from ATP. b. glucose must enter the mitochondria. c. oxygen must be available. 39. Enzymes a. make reactions occur that could not otherwise occur. b. are usually not specific with respect to the reactants that they recognize and bind. c. increase reaction rates. 40. How many ATP molecules (net yield) are produced per molecule of glucose degraded during glycolysis? a. 9 b. 2 c. 36 4
41 45. Write the reactants and products of the general photosynthesis equation in the appropriate blanks in the following diagram. Use each reactant and product only ONCE. You do not need to indicate the amount of each molecule involved. (2 points each) 46 50. Write the reactants and products of the general aerobic respiration equation in the appropriate blanks in the following diagram. You need to use one of the products TWICE but use each of the remaining products and reactants only ONCE. You do not need to indicate the amount of each molecule involved. (2 points each)
ID: A CIBI 3031-062 Midterm Examination II 17 October 2005 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C DIF: Difficult TOP: ENERGY AND THE UNDERLYING ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 2. ANS: A DIF: Moderate 3. ANS: B DIF: Easy 4. ANS: A DIF: Easy 5. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: HOW DO CELLS MAKE ATP? 6. ANS: A DIF: Difficult TOP: CASE STUDY: A CONTROLLED RELEASE OF ENERGY 7. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AN OVERVIEW 8. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: ENERGY AND THE UNDERLYING ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 9. ANS: A DIF: Difficult TOP: ELECTRON TRANSFER CHAINS IN THE MAIN METABOLIC PATHWAYS 10. ANS: C DIF: Difficult TOP: THE LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS 11. ANS: A DIF: Moderate TOP: THE RAINBOW CATCHERS 12. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: SUNLIGHT AS AN ENERGY SOURCE 13. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: THE LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS 14. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: THE RAINBOW CATCHERS 15. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: ENERGY AND THE UNDERLYING ORGANIZATION OF LIFE 16. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 17. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: THE LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS 18. ANS: A DIF: Moderate TOP: PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AN OVERVIEW 19. ANS: C DIF: Moderate TOP: HOW DO CELLS MAKE ATP? 20. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AN OVERVIEW 21. ANS: C DIF: Easy TOP: CELLS JUGGLE SUBSTANCES AS WELL AS ENERGY 22. ANS: A DIF: Moderate TOP: PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AN OVERVIEW 23. ANS: C DIF: Difficult TOP: SECOND STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 24. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 25. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: THE LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS 26. ANS: C DIF: Difficult TOP: SECOND STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 27. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: THIRD STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 28. ANS: A DIF: Easy TOP: SECOND STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 29. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: THE RAINBOW CATCHERS 30. ANS: C DIF: Moderate TOP: THIRD STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 31. ANS: A DIF: Easy TOP: SECOND STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 32. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 33. ANS: A DIF: Moderate TOP: PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AN OVERVIEW 1
ID: A 34. ANS: A DIF: Difficult TOP: THIRD STAGE OF THE AEROBIC PATHWAY 35. ANS: A DIF: Moderate 36. ANS: B DIF: Difficult 37. ANS: A DIF: Easy 38. ANS: A DIF: Difficult 39. ANS: C DIF: Easy TOP: ENZYMES HELP WITH ENERGY HILLS 40. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 2