Name: Class: Date: Environmental Science Chapter 1: Populations and Communities Modified True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true. 1. A tapeworm living inside a wolf s body is a predator. 2. All of the members of a community belong to the same species. 3. Bees and flowers are biotic factors in an ecosystem. 4. Individuals decrease the size of a population when they emigrate from it. 5. Population size generally increases if the birth rate is greater than the death rate. 6. The carrying capacity is the smallest number of individuals in a population that can live in one area. Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 7. The place where an organism lives and that provides the things the organism needs is called its a. habitat. b. population. c. species. d. community. 8. Which of the following is an example of a population? a. the cats and dogs in your neighborhood b. the bushes and grass in a park c. the rocks in a rock collection d. the gray wolves in a forest 1
Name: 9. Counting the number of organisms in a small area and multiplying to estimate the number in a larger area is called a. direct observation. b. mark and recapture. c. population density. d. sampling. 10. The major way in which new individuals are added to a population is through a. sampling. b. the birth of offspring. c. mark and recapture. d. emigration. 11. A group of antelope leaving the herd in search of better grassland is an example of a. immigration. b. emigration. c. increasing birth rate. d. decreasing death rate. 12. Which term refers to an environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing? a. biotic factor b. abiotic factor c. immigration d. limiting factor 13. The largest population that an environment can support is called its a. carrying capacity. b. limiting factor. c. birth rate. d. death rate. 14. An organism s particular role, or how it makes its living, is called its a. carrying capacity. b. ecosystem. c. competition. d. niche. 15. The behaviors and physical characteristics of species that allow them to live successfully in their environment are called a. habitats. b. limiting factors. c. biotic factors. d. adaptations. 16. The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called a. competition. b. predation. c. symbiosis. d. parasitism. 2
Name: 17. A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species is called a. natural selection. b. symbiosis. c. adaptation. d. competition. 18. An early winter frost preventing further growth in a tomato garden is an example of a. carrying capacity. b. a limiting factor. c. a biotic factor. d. indirect observation. 19. All of the following are examples of limiting factors EXCEPT a. food. b. soil. c. space. d. weather conditions. 20. An organism s habitat must provide all of the following EXCEPT a. food. b. water. c. predators. d. shelter. 21. By hunting at different times of day, hawks and owls are able to reduce a. predation. b. competition. c. adaptation. d. parasitism. 22. Which of the following describes an interaction in which one organism kills and eats another? a. competition b. symbiosis c. predation d. mutualism 23. Which of the following is an example of a predator adaptation? a. a porcupine s needles b. a shark s powerful jaws c. a frog s bright colors d. a plant s poisonous chemicals 24. All the different populations that live together in an area make up a(n) a. organism. b. community. c. species. d. ecosystem. 3
Name: 25. When a flea is living on a dog, the dog is the a. parasite. b. host. c. predator. d. prey. 26. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of a. symbiotic relationships. b. predation. c. competition. d. prey adaptations. 27. A hawk building its nest on an arm of a saguaro cactus is an example of a. commensalism. b. mutualism. c. parasitism. d. predation. Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 28. The part of an ecosystem where an organism lives and feeds is called the organism s. 29. All the biotic and abiotic factors in an area together make up a(n). 30. Prairie dogs, snakes, and grass make up a level of ecological organization called a(n). 31. All the prairie dogs in one area are an example of a(n). 32. Water, sunlight, and soil are factors in an ecosystem. 33. Two abiotic factors that are needed for photosynthesis are sunlight and. 34. The method of estimating involves multiplying the number of organisms in a small area to find the number in a larger area. 35. Observing animal tracks is an example of observation, which is used to estimate population size. 4
Environmental Science Chapter 1: Populations and Communities Answer Section MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 1. F, parasite 2. F, population 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F, largest MULTIPLE CHOICE 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. A COMPLETION 28. habitat 29. ecosystem 30. community 31. population 32. Abiotic [or nonliving] 33. water 1
34. sampling 35. indirect 2