Urban Problems and Environmental Protection
Brazil and Sao Paulo State South America
Sao Paulo State Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area
Water Supply in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region 1 1 Protected Systems: (6)Alto Cotia (3)Rio Claro 6 7 5 1 5 4 2 3 Unprotected Systems: (7) Baixo Cotia (5) Guarapiranga/Billings (2) Alto Tietê (4) Rio Grande/Billings (1) Cantareira Imagem de Satélite Landsat da RMSP
Guarapiranga and Billings: Urban Poverty x Water Quality Billings and Guarapiranga Sub-Basins = poor urban villages in the outskirts Sub-basins situated close to important economical district: industries and services Population in 1.000 inhabitants 1991 2000 % a.a. Billings 534 980 6,98 Guarapiranga 548 750 3,55 Average Growth Metropolitan Area: Average Growth Sao Paulo State 1,61% a.a. 1,78% a.a.
Guarapiranga: An Urban Reservoir
Compatible Uses in Guarapiranga Sub- Basins
Wetland of the Main Tributary of Guarapiranga Sub-Basin
Guarapiranga Sub-Basin Urban Poverty and Land Use
Guarapiranga Sub-Basin Urban Poverty and Land Use
Guarapiranga Sub-Basin Partial View of a Slum
Guarapianga Sub-Basin An Irregular Settlement and a Slum
Urban Occupation Concentrated in the Neighborhood of the Reservoir Municipalities Reservoir Density of Population 0-10 inhab/ha 10-50 inhab/ha 50-80 inhab/ha > 80 inhab/ha
The Most Polluted Sub-Basins 50% of the phosphorus inflow to the reservoir; 3,5% of total area; 7% of total flow.
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Main Interventions I - Water and Sewage Services US$ 94,3 million Expansion of the sewage collecting system; Increased number of domestic sewage connections; Implantation of interceptors and main collectors; Construction of pumping stations; Construction of sewage treatment plants. II - Refuse Collection III - Urban Rehabilitation IV - Environmental Protection V - Basin Management US$ 5,7 million US$ 187,1 million US$ 27,7 million US$ 22,4 million Expansion of refuse collection in the municipalities of Embu, Itapecerica da Serra and Embu-Guaçu; Recovery and improvements to refuse-disposal areas in the municipalities of Embu and Itapecerica da Serra. Installation of urban infrastructure in slums; Improvements to urban infrastructure; Construction of housing units for removed families. Installation of parks, basin reforestment and environmental studies. Installation of the Basin Management Committee; Studies on equipping basin management with the most effective instruments.
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Financial Details Signing of Contract with the World Bank : Original Total Project Budget : Revised Budget : World Bank Financing : December/1992 US$ 262 million US$ 336 million US$ 119 million Executing Agency World Bank Local Fund Total Value ( % ) Value ( % ) Value ( % ) UGP 20.621 17 6.523 3 27.144 8 SABESP 42.465 36 51.885 23 94.350 28 CDHU 9.474 8 60.442 28 69.916 20 SMA 13.306 11 14.411 6 27.717 8 PMSP 33.133 28 83.754 ** 40 116.887 ** 36 Total (US$ 1000) 119.000 100 217.015 100 336.015 100 NB : Revised figures (including Housing) ** Municipality of São Paulo investiments of US$ 176,6 millions, US$ 143,5 millions of local funds.
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Water and Sewage Works
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Urbanization of Slums Before the Work After the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Urbanization of Slums After the Work Before the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Urbanization of Slums Before the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Urbanization of Slums After the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Popular Apartment Building Pascoal Melantonio Popular Housing
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Open Dump - Before the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Landfill - During the Work
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Ecological Park
Main Civil Works
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Water and Sewage Main Interventions Water : -technological improvement of the water treatment plant Sewage -2 sewage treatment plants -382 km of sewerage -43.000 connections -160.000 families benefited -10.000 additional connections to be made Coverage Level -39% in 1991 (population: 548.000) -55% in 2002 (estimated population: 800.000)
Guarapiranga Project (1995-2000) Other Interventions Urbanization of Slums 105 Families Benefited 17.350 Popular Housing Units 1.560 New Housing Units in the Slums 836 Families Benefited by Urban Infrastructure 38.200 Parks 6 (459ha) Landfills 2
Water Sources New Project Basic Characteristics Project Area: all the public water sources of Metropolitan Region Technical Preparation: 2003 First Stage 6 years (2004/2009) Total Budget: - US$ 355 Million World Bank Financing: - US$ 173 Million State/Sabesp - US$ 96 Million Municipalities - US$ 86 Million
Water Sources New Project Main Interventions Management Environmental Recovery Water Treatment Urban Recovery Sewage Systems Solid Waste Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region Water Sources Sub-Basins Urban Areas Alto Tiete Basin Sub-basin boundaries
Water Sources New Project Billings: Urban Poverty
Water Sources New Project Billings: Illegal Settlement at the Banks of the Reservoir
Water Sources New Project Guarapiranga: : Urban Poverty and a Wetland
Water Sources New Project Reservoir and Water Treatment Plant Taiaçupeba
Water Sources New Project Cantareira System
Water Sources New Project Challenges - - To keep a strategy of cooperation among the public organizations To establish legislation and mechanisms that mitigate the differences between the formal and the informal city - To expand the infrastructure and control of environmentally negative uses - To optimize productivity of the sewerage - To develop studies for improving the water treatment plants and for innovative interventions in the raw water (pre-treatment in the reservoir and tributaries) - To implement social control mechanisms of the State action