Integrated sensing and sampling system for catchment based research. Simon Browning

Integrated sensing and sampling system for catchment based research. Simon Browning

Presentation Outline Introduction Catchment monitoring toolbox NERC DOMAINE Project Background Sensors Integration

Wavelength Environmental What we do. Sensors for water level, flow and water quality Wireless telemetry networks Integrated sensor systems Remote control and data visualisation Diffuse pollution and catchment monitoring Installation, maintenance and calibrations Groundwater and borehole monitoring Environmental science and research

Catchment monitoring tools

What s in a Catchment Monitoring tool box? Sensors for water quality Options for monitoring flow and water level Automatic samplers Flexible wireless telemetry These should all be: LOW POWER LOW MAINTENANCE SMALL FOOTPRINT

Sensors for water quality TempHion for ph and redox potential 2 x AA batteries last 18 months, sensor stable for 6 months Turbo turbidity sensor Built in wiper, external battery pack lasts four months or more DO2 dissolved oxygen sensor Robust fluorescence sensor does not require frequent calibration or cleaning

Sensors for water quality Hydrolab with active anti-fouling for extended deployments Temperature Conductivity Turbidity Ammonium ph / redox potential Dissolved oxygen Chlorophyll-a Nitrate Cycle P - In-situ dissolved phosphate analyser Designed for unattended operation On-board reagent cartridges are stable for > 3 months Sufficient for > 1000 tests Max. sample rate 2 per hour SUNA V2 Submersible Ultraviolet Nitrate Analyser Chemical-free nitrate sensor Designed for long-term unattended operation Optional bio-wiper

Monitoring flow and water level Area Velocity flow measurement Acoustic Doppler or electromagnetic sensors Can be installed in river/stream channel No need for flumes or weirs FLO-DAR non contact AV flow measurement Digital Doppler radar velocity-sensing plus ultrasonic level-sensing Minimal maintenance Pressure transducers Vented / non-vented options With or without batteries and data logging

Portable automatic water samplers SD900 Portable sampler Intuitive and easy to use Time-, volume- and event proportional sampling Multiple bottle options Passive or active cooling

Flexible wireless telemetry ADCON Compact, low power RTUs (Remote Telemetry Unit) Designed for ease of deployment in the field Can build networks from GPRS and UHF radio units Ideal for large numbers of sensors Centralised intelligence/control OTT NetDL Extremely low power IP enabled data logger Local control for critical applications Multiple sensor inputs Check data and status on site with local display Local data download to USB stick

NERC DOMAINE Project www.nerc-domaine.co.uk

NERC DOMAINE Background Intensification of agriculture and greater use of fossil fuels has led to an increase in the levels of Nitrogen found in our rivers Agriculture and waste water treatment works can produce an excess of Phosphorus which then enters water bodies Rising trends in dissolved organic matter (including Carbon and Nitrogen) in surface and coastal waters have been reported Organic carbon compounds in water can form carcinogenic trihalomethanes (THM) during water treatment processes, removal of these increases treatment costs Control of excess nutrients is required to help rivers reach good ecological status as defined in the EU Water Framework Directive

NERC DOMAINE Project Funded by NERC Large Grant due to run 2014 2018 Led by Prof. Penny Johnes at the University of Bristol in collaboration with Bangor University, the University of East Anglia and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Assess the origins, transport and downstream export of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus Assess the ecosystem functional significance and wider environmental and human health impacts of DOM flux

Penny Johnes, Richard Evershed, Chris Yates, University of Bristol Davey Jones, Chris Freeman, Peter Golyshin, Nathalie Fenner, Bangor University Stephen Maberly and Chris Evans, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Tim Jickells, University of East Anglia

DOMAINE monitoring 2015 2018 field monitoring campaign 2 contrasting catchments 3 sites in each Hampshire Avon lowland agricultural catchment Conwy upland catchment comprising mountain moorland, peat and commercial forestry In-stream monitoring complimented by extensive laboratory analyses at the molecular scale

DOMAINE monitoring cont. Each catchment has two monitoring stations on the main tributaries and one at the base of the catchment 4 x Lower spec sites comprise: Hydrolab MS5 Hach Flow FL900 Hach Lange SD900 OTT NetDL 500 - temperature, ph, conductivity, dissolved oxygen - velocity, water level, discharge - portable sampler with 24 x 1 litre bottles - data logger, sample trigger management 2 x Higher spec sites add: Hydrolab MS5 SUNA V2 Seabird ECO - same as low spec but with added turbidity - nitrate concentration, UV absorbance spectrum - fluorometers for chlorophyll-a and CDOM

DOMAINE sensors: SUNA V2 First introduced in 2008, developed from the original MBARI ISUS UV LIGHT SOURCE UV SPECTROMETER V2 Introduced in 2013 with: Adaptive sampling responsive light output Shortened path length turbidity up to 1250 NTU Outputs: Nitrate, absorbance at 254 and 350nm, full spectra stored Internal memory/ USB connection

DOMAINE sensors: SUNA V2 SUNA www.state.nj.us/dep/wms//nitratesensorsprojectresults20110209.pdf

DOMAINE sensors: SUNA V2 Nitrate Free Water Absorption due to Nitrate Nitrate Replete Water

System integration

DOMAINE monitoring cont. Full spectrum accessible via DB9 (RS232) connector Data out via SDI-12 option WOODEN ENCLOSURE WITH BATTERIES AND SOLAR CHARGING Triggered via pulse output MODBUS to SDI-12 converter SDI-12 as standard RS232 or analogue output options SEABIRD SUNA V2 HACH SIGMA 900 SD PORTABLE SAMPLER HACH FL9000 AV FLOW LOGGER SEABIRD ECO FL CDOM AND CHLOROPHYLL HYDROLAB MS5 SONDE

OTT NetDL 500 Extremely low power data logger/ controller can take in multiple sensor interfaces Collates and time-stamps data from all sensors in one file Raw voltages and calculated concentrations can be stored Local control means sample trigger is not dependant on mobile phone network

System integration TEMPERATURE PH REDOX DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONDUCTIVITY TURBIDITY CHLOROPHYLL CDOM NITRATE UV ABSORBANCE FLOW WATER LEVEL AUTO-SAMPLER TRIGGER

System integration

NetDL Configuration

NetDL Remote Access

Conclusions We have a wide range of tools for catchment monitoring from Smart Sensors for key parameters to sophisticated analysers for nitrate or phosphate These are all optimised for low power, long term deployment and low maintenance Often deployed at key points in a catchment e.g. upstream /downstream of pollution source or intervention measures When a sophisticated, integrated suite of sensors is required we have the tools and the expertise to streamline the set up and operation

Seabird coastal will be taking part in the Alliance for Coastal Technologies Nutrient Sensor Challenge www.act-us.info/nutrients-challenge/ Challenge aims to accelerate the development of affordable, accurate and reliable sensors for nitrate and/or phosphate Sensors must: Provide accurate and precise real-time data Be easy to use Be capable of unattended deployment for 3 months Cost less than $5,000 to buy Testing February to September 2015 results December 2016

www.wavelength-environmental.co.uk simon@wavelength-environmental.co.uk