X-ray Security Screening: Technologies & Global Market Outlook Edition

X-ray Security Screening: Technologies & Global Market Outlook 2012 Edition Source: Smiths Detection 2011

Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary... 24 1.1 Major Findings... 24 1.2 Major Conclusions... 30 1.3 X-Ray Screening Systems Market Dynamics & Opportunities... 35 1.4 X-ray Screening Systems Market: 2012-2016... 38 2 Scope and Methodology... 42 2.1 Scope... 42 2.2 Report Structure... 42 2.3 Who Is This Report For?... 43 2.4 The Threats... 43 2.5 Assumptions... 44 2.6 Possible Scenario Analysis... 45 2.7 X-ray Security Systems Market & Technology: Research Methods... 46 3 X-ray Security Systems Market: Drivers... 47 4 X-ray Security Systems Market: Inhibitors... 48 5 X-ray Security Systems Industry SWOT Analysis... 49 6 X-ray Security Systems Market Competitive Analysis... 51 7 X-Ray Screening Technology: Command Control & Communication and Information Technology... 52 8 X-Ray Screening Systems RDT&E and Procurement Process... 54 8.1 X-Ray Screening Technology Development, Testing & Evaluation Process... 54 8.2 Spiral Development of X-Ray Screening Systems... 57 10 Current 2D X-ray Technologies... 58 10.1 Explosive Materials Classification... 58 10.2 Security Screening Technologies... 60 10.2.1 Major Technologies... 60 10.2.2 2D X-ray, EDS and ETD Technologies - Pros and Cons... 62 10.2.3 Bulk Screening Technologies: Price Comparison... 63 10.3 X-ray Technology Background... 64 10.3.1 X-ray Systems - Characteristics... 64 10.3.2 X-ray Systems - Principles of Operation... 65 10.3.3 Innocuous Materials Interference... 66 10.3.4 Threat Image Projection (TIP)... 68 10.3.5 Automated Target Detection... 68 10.4 X-ray Technologies... 69 10.4.1 Overview... 69 10.4.2 Conventional 2D X-ray... 69 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 2

10.4.3 Dual Energy X-ray... 71 10.4.4 Quasi Dual Energy X-ray... 73 10.4.5 Variable View X-ray... 74 10.4.6 The Advanced Technology (AT) X-ray Systems... 76 10.4.7 Backscatter Screening X-ray... 79 10.4.8 Backscatter People Screening AIT... 80 10.4.9 Backscatter AIT Sample System... 82 10.4.10 Coherent Scatter 2D X-ray... 83 10.5 Cast and Artificial Limbs X-Ray Backscatter Screening Technologies... 84 10.6 Transportable X-RAY Screening Checkpoints... 86 10.7 X-ray Technologies: Performance Comparison... 86 10.8 X-ray Product Certification... 88 10.9 X-ray Product Performance US Standards... 89 11 IATA & ICAO Checkpoint of the Future... 91 11.1 Present People Screening Checkpoint Performance... 91 11.2 The Checkpoint of the Future... 92 11.3 IATA Checkpoint of the Future: Main Concepts... 93 12 Global X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 97 12.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 97 12.2 Systems Sales... 99 12.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 100 12.4 Global Market by Application... 102 12.4.1 Aviation Security... 102 12.4.2 Secured Facilities... 105 12.4.3 Other Applications... 107 12.5 Global Market by Country... 109 12.5.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) by Country... 109 12.5.2 Systems Sales by Country... 112 12.5.3 Service and Upgrade Market by Country... 115 13 US X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 118 13.1 Market Background... 118 13.2 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 120 13.3 Systems Sales... 124 13.4 Service and Upgrade Market... 125 13.5 Market by Application... 128 13.5.1 Air Cargo Screening... 128 13.5.2 Challenges for International Inbound air cargo screening... 128 13.5.3 Air Cargo Screening Contact Info: Manufacturers, Managers, Email, Phone... 132 13.5.4 TSA Approved Cargo Screening X-Ray Systems... 132 13.5.5 U.S. Air Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market... 133 13.5.6 TSA Qualified 2D X-Ray Non-cargo Screening Systems... 134 13.5.7 US X-ray Security Systems Market... 136 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 3

13.5.8 Secured Facilities Explosives Screening... 139 13.5.9 Postal Items Explosives Screening... 142 13.5.10 Supply Chain Cargo Explosives Screening... 144 13.5.11 People Screening AIT Equipment... 146 14 UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 149 14.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 149 14.2 Systems Sales... 152 14.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 153 14.4 Market by Application... 154 14.4.1 Aviation Security... 154 14.4.2 Secured Facilities... 158 14.4.3 Other Applications... 160 15 Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 163 15.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 163 15.2 Systems Sales... 165 15.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 166 15.4 Market by Application... 168 15.4.1 Aviation Security... 168 15.4.2 Secured Facilities... 170 15.4.3 Other Applications... 172 16 China and India X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 174 16.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 174 16.2 Systems Sales... 177 16.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 178 16.4 Market by Application... 180 16.4.1 Aviation Security... 180 16.4.2 Secured Facilities... 182 16.4.3 Other Applications... 184 17 Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 186 17.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 186 17.2 Systems Sales... 188 17.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 189 17.4 Market by Application... 191 17.4.1 Aviation Security... 191 17.4.2 Secured Facilities... 193 17.4.3 Other Applications... 195 18 Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 197 18.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 197 18.2 Systems Sales... 200 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 4

18.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 201 18.4 Market by Application... 203 18.4.1 Aviation Security... 203 18.4.2 Secured Facilities... 205 18.4.3 Other Applications... 207 19 ROW X-ray Security Systems Market: 2012-2016... 209 19.1 Total Market (Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade)... 209 19.2 Systems Sales... 211 19.3 Service and Upgrade Market... 212 19.4 Market by Application... 214 19.4.1 Aviation Security... 214 19.4.2 Secured Facilities... 216 19.4.3 Other Applications... 218 20 Technology Outlook: 2012-2016... 221 20.1 Semiconductor Based X-ray Imaging... 221 20.2 Fused X-ray and ETD Screening... 221 20.3 Fused X-ray and RFID Screening... 222 20.4 Air-Cargo Containers Screening... 222 20.5 Multi-Threat Multi-Modal Screening... 222 20.6 Advanced 2D Coherent X-ray... 224 20.7 Stereoscopic X-ray Imaging... 225 20.8 Multi-Pixel X-ray Sources... 227 21 Business & Technological Opportunities and Challenges... 228 21.1 Introduction... 228 21.2 Remote Tele-Interpretation... 232 21.3 Medium Capacity Multi-Threat Screening Systems... 233 21.4 Upgraded Multi Threat Screening System... 233 21.5 Fused RFID, Risk Assessment and W-ray Screening Metasystems... 234 21.6 Third Party Service Business... 234 22 Leading Vendors... 235 22.1 American Science and Engineering, Inc... 235 22.1.1 Company Profile... 235 22.1.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 246 22.1.3 Contract Research and Development... 250 22.1.4 Service and Support... 250 22.1.5 Products by Application... 250 22.2 Astrophysics Inc.... 252 22.2.1 Company Profile... 252 22.2.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 255 22.3 Auto Clear US (Formerly Control Screening LLC)... 258 22.3.1 Company Profile... 258 22.3.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 259 22.4 Eurologix Security Ltd... 260 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 5

22.4.1 Company Profile... 260 22.4.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 261 22.5 Gilardoni SpA... 263 22.5.1 Company Profile... 263 22.5.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 265 22.6 L-3 Communications Security & Detection Systems... 266 22.6.1 Company Profile... 266 22.6.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 267 22.7 LIXI, Inc... 270 22.7.1 Company Profile... 270 22.7.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 271 22.8 MINXRAY, Inc.... 274 22.8.1 Company Profile... 274 22.8.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 276 22.9 Morpho Detection Inc.... 277 22.9.1 Company Profile... 277 22.9.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 284 22.10 NUCTECH Co. Ltd... 288 22.10.1 Company Profile... 288 22.10.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 290 22.11 Rapiscan Security Products, Inc... 292 22.11.1 Company Profile... 292 22.11.2 Rapiscan Screening Products by Technology & by Market Segment... 295 22.11.3 X-ray Security Screening Products... 295 22.12 SAIC... 299 22.12.1 Company Profile... 299 22.12.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 301 22.13 SCANNA MSC Ltd.... 302 22.13.1 Company Profile... 302 22.13.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 303 22.14 Smiths Detection... 304 22.14.1 Company Profile... 304 22.14.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 308 22.15 Todd Research Ltd.... 312 22.15.1 Company Profile... 312 22.15.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 313 22.16 Vidisco Ltd.... 314 22.16.1 Company Profile... 314 22.16.2 X-ray Security Screening Products... 315 23 Appendix A: Products Cost, Performance and Vendor Comparison Tables... 316 24 Appendix B: Glossary... 324 25 Appendix C: Air Travel and Air Cargo 2011 Statistics and 2030 Forecasts... 349 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 6

26 Appendix D: IATA Recommended Airport Screening Check Points... 353 27 Appendix E: The U.S. and the Israeli Airport Screening Procedures... 359 27.1 The U.S. Airport Passengers Screening System... 359 27.2 The Israeli Airport Passengers Screening System... 360 28 Appendix F: Legislation... 361 28.1 The EU Legislation... 361 28.1.1 ICAO Annex 17... 361 28.1.2 IATA Recommended Practice 1630... 361 28.1.3 EC 300/2008 & EU 185/2010 (1/4)... 362 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 7

List of Tables Table 1 - X-Ray Screening Market Opportunities in the USA, EU and Asia Pacific Aviation Security Market... 33 Table 2 - X-Ray Screening Market Regulatory Market Drivers in the USA and the EU... 34 Table 3 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 35 Table 4 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 36 Table 5 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 37 Table 6 - EDS, ETD and 2D X-ray Technologies - Pros and Cons... 59 Table 7 - Price Comparison of Bulk Explosives Screening Technologies... 60 Table 8 - Explosives, Drugs, and Common X-ray "Interruption" Materials... 64 Table 9 - Backscatter People Screening Portals Advantages & Disadvantages... 78 Table 10 - Comparison of X-ray Detection Technologies... 84 Table 11 - X-Ray Standards for Bulk Explosives Detection... 87 Table 12 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 94 Table 13 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 95 Table 14 - Global X-ray Security Screening System Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 96 Table 15 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Sub-Markets [$ Million]: 2010-2016... 98 Table 16 - Global Aviation X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 100 Table 17 - Global Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 102 Table 18 - Global Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 104 Table 19 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 106 Table 20 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Country - 2010-2016... 107 Table 21 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 109 Table 22 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales Structure [%] by Country - 2010-2016... 110 Table 23 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 112 Table 24 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market Structure [%] by Country - 2010-2016... 113 Table 25 - USA Potential Targets Requiring Security Screening... 117 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 8

Table 26 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 118 Table 27 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 119 Table 28 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 121 Table 29 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales Structure by Application [%]: 2010-2016... 122 Table 30 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Sub-Markets [$ Million] Outlook: 2010-2016... 123 Table 31 - Systems Service and Upgrade Market Structure by Application [%]: 2010-2016... 124 Table 32 - U.S. Air Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 128 Table 33 - Air Cargo Screening Manufacturers Points of Contact (I.E. company, name, Phone Email)... 129 Table 34 - TSA Approved Cargo Screening X-Ray Systems, by Company, Model Part Number and Date of Approval... 129 Table 35 - Air Cargo X-ray Screening Market [Unit] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 131 Table 36 - TSA Approved X-ray Screening Systems by: Manufacturer, Model, Part Number and Date Qualified... 132 Table 37 - U.S. Airport Cabin Baggage X-ray Screening Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 133 Table 38 - U.S. Airport Cabin Baggage X-ray Screening Market [Units] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 135 Table 39 - TSA approved X-ray Screening Systems by: Manufacturer, Model, Part Number and Date Qualified... 135 Table 40 - U.S. Secured Facilities X-ray Explosives Screening Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 137 Table 41 - U.S. Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [Units] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 139 Table 42 - U.S. Postal Items X-ray Screening Market [$M] Outlook - 2010-2016... 139 Table 43 - U.S. Postal Items X-ray Security Systems Market [Units] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 141 Table 44 - U.S. Supply Chain Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 141 Table 45 - U.S. Supply Chain Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market [Units] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 143 Table 46 - U.S People Screening AIT X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 143 Table 47 - U.S People Screening AIT X-ray Security Systems Market [Units] & Market Share [%] - 2010-2016... 145 Table 48 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 146 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 9

Table 49 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 147 Table 50 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 149 Table 51 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 150 Table 52 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 152 Table 53 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 155 Table 54 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 157 Table 55 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 160 Table 56 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 161 Table 57 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 162 Table 58 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 163 Table 59 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 165 Table 60 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 167 Table 61 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 169 Table 62 - China and India X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 171 Table 63 - China and India X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 172 Table 64 - China and India X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 174 Table 65 - China and India X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 175 Table 66 - China and India Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 177 Table 67 - China and India Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 179 Table 68 - China and India Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 181 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 10

Table 69 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 183 Table 70 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 184 Table 71 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 185 Table 72 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 186 Table 73 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 188 Table 74 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 190 Table 75 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 192 Table 76 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 194 Table 77 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 195 Table 78 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 197 Table 79 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 198 Table 80 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 200 Table 81 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 202 Table 82 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 204 Table 83 - ROW X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 206 Table 84 - ROW X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 207 Table 85 - ROW X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 208 Table 86 - ROW X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Application: 2010-2016... 209 Table 87 - ROW Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 211 Table 88 - ROW Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 213 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 11

Table 89 - ROW Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 215 Table 90 - Pros and Cons of Multi-modal Technology... 220 Table 91 - L-3 Checkpoint Screening Systems... 246 Table 92 - L-3 x-ray Air Cargo Screening Prodocts... 248 Table 93 - Rapiscan Screening Products by Technology & by Market Segment... 261 Table 94 - Products Cost, Performance and Vendor Comparison... 279 Table 95 - Products Cost, Performance and Vendor Comparison Continued... 281 Table 96 - Products Cost, Performance and Vendor Comparison Continued... 284 Table 97 - Products Cost, Performance and Vendor Comparison - Continued... 286 Table 98 - The Aviation Industry, by Passenger Traffic RPK CAGR and Air Cargo RTK CAGR-2010-2030... 313 Table 99 - Annual Aviation Passengers Traffic [RPK in Billion] by Region - 2002-2030... 316 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 12

List of Figures Figure 1 - X-ray screening of checked luggage and cabin baggage as part of the TSA layered security infrastructure... 24 Figure 2 - Airport Security Roadmap... 29 Figure 3 - X-Ray Screening Market Dynamics... 35 Figure 4 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Application: 2010 & 2016... 39 Figure 5 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Country: 2010 & 2016... 41 Figure 6 - Airport Threats Vectors... 44 Figure 7 - X-ray Security Systems Market SWOT Analysis... 50 Figure 8 - X-ray Security Systems Market Competitive Analysis... 51 Figure 9 - The X-Ray Screening: Technology, ICT, and Decision Chain... 52 Figure 10 - The Decision Criteria of the Introduction of a New X-Ray Screening Technology... 54 Figure 11 - The Pre-procurement Process... 56 Figure 12 - The X-Ray Screening Systems Spiral Development and Evolution... 57 Figure 13 - Explosive Materials Classification... 59 Figure 14 - Major Explosives Detection Technologies: Bulk vs. Trace... 61 Figure 15 - X-ray Conveyor-Based Screening Systems Principles of Operation... 65 Figure 16 - AIT Instruction Billboard... 68 Figure 17 - Conventional X-ray... 70 Figure 18 - Dual Energy X-ray... 72 Figure 19 - Material Differentiation by Dual Energy X-ray... 73 Figure 20 - Dual Energy Z Map... 73 Figure 21 - Quasi Dual Energy X-ray... 74 Figure 22 - Variable View X-ray Option... 75 Figure 23 - Multi-View Dual Energy X-Ray Screening... 75 Figure 24 - The Rapiscan 620DV AT -- Dual View Advanced Technology X- Ray System... 77 Figure 25 - Smiths Detection HI-SCAN 6040aX... 78 Figure 26 - Backscatter Cargo Screening X-ray... 79 Figure 27 - Dose Comparison: Environmental Radiation vs. Backscatter Scan... 81 Figure 28 - Coherent X-ray Scheme... 83 Figure 29 - Cast and Artificial Limbs Screening System... 84 Figure 30 - A Prosthetic Limbs Backscatter Image Showing a Gun Hidden Underneath a Cast... 85 Figure 31 - Rapiscan Mobile Check ES002 Contains Two Screening Lanes a Mobile Container.... 86 Figure 32 - Average X-ray Screening Rate [Passengers per hour] by Region.... 91 Figure 33 - The Checkpoint of the Future Lanes... 94 Figure 34 - The Checkpoint of the Future... 94 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 13

Figure 35 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Fragmentation [%] - 2010 & 2016... 97 Figure 36 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 98 Figure 37 Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Application: 2010 & 2016... 99 Figure 38 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 100 Figure 39 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$Million] - 2010-2016... 102 Figure 40 - Global Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 104 Figure 41 - Global Aviation Security X-ray Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 104 Figure 42 - Global Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 106 Figure 43 - Global Secured Facilities X-ray Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 106 Figure 44 - Global Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 108 Figure 45 - Global Other Applications X-ray Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 108 Figure 46 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 110 Figure 47 - Global X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Country: 2010 & 2016... 111 Figure 48 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 113 Figure 49 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales Structure [%] by Country: 2010 & 2016... 114 Figure 50 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] by Country - 2010-2016... 116 Figure 51 - Global X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market Structure [%] by Country: 2010 & 2016... 117 Figure 52 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 121 Figure 53 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Structure [%] by Sub-market: 2010 & 2016... 122 Figure 54 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening (Systems Sales, Service & Upgrade) Market Fragmentation [%] - 2010 & 2016... 123 Figure 55 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening Systems Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 124 Figure 56 - U.S. X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 127 Figure 57 - Certified Cargo Screening Program (CCSF) Participants... 129 Figure 58 - CCSF Participants Facilities Breakdown 2011 vs. 2010... 129 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 14

Figure 59-20 Countries Inbound Air Cargo Shipments... 130 Figure 60 - U.S. Air Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 133 Figure 61 - U.S. Air Cargo X-ray Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 133 Figure 62 - U.S. Airport Cabin Baggage X-ray Screening Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 137 Figure 63 U.S. Airport Cabin Baggage X-ray Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 137 Figure 64 - Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 141 Figure 65 - Secured Facilities X-ray Screening Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 141 Figure 66 - U.S. Postal Items X-ray Screening Market [$M] Outlook - 2010-2016... 143 Figure 67 - Postal Items X-ray Systems and Service Market [%] Structure - 2010 & 2016... 143 Figure 68 - U.S. Supply Chain Cargo X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 145 Figure 69 - U.S. Supply Chain Cargo X-ray Screening Systems and Service Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 145 Figure 70 - U.S. People Screening AIT X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 147 Figure 71 - U.S. People Screening AIT X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 148 Figure 72 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 150 Figure 73 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 151 Figure 74 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 152 Figure 75 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 154 Figure 76 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 157 Figure 77 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 158 Figure 78 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 159 Figure 79 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 160 Figure 80 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 161 Figure 81 - UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 162 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 15

Figure 82 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 163 Figure 83 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 164 Figure 84 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 165 Figure 85 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 167 Figure 86 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 169 Figure 87 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 169 Figure 88 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 171 Figure 89 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 171 Figure 90 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 173 Figure 91 - Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 173 Figure 92 - China and India X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 175 Figure 93 - China and India X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 176 Figure 94 - China and India X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 177 Figure 95 - China and India X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 179 Figure 96 - China and India Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 181 Figure 97 - China and India Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 181 Figure 98 - China and India Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 183 Figure 99 - China and India Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 183 Figure 100 - China and India Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 185 Figure 101 - China and India Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 185 Figure 102 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 186 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 16

Figure 103 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 187 Figure 104 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 188 Figure 105 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 190 Figure 106 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 192 Figure 107 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 192 Figure 108 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 194 Figure 109 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 194 Figure 110 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 196 Figure 111 - Japan, Korea, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 196 Figure 112 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 197 Figure 113 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 199 Figure 114 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 200 Figure 115 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 202 Figure 116 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 204 Figure 117 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 204 Figure 118 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 206 Figure 119 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 206 Figure 120 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 208 Figure 121 - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 208 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 17

Figure 122 - ROW X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 209 Figure 123 - ROW X-ray Security Systems Market (incl. Systems Sales, Service and Upgrade) [$ Million] by Application - 2010-2016... 210 Figure 124 - ROW X-ray Security Screening System Sales [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 211 Figure 125 - ROW X-ray Security Screening Systems Service and Upgrade Market [$ Million] - 2010-2016... 213 Figure 126 - ROW Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 215 Figure 127 - ROW Aviation Security X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 215 Figure 128 - ROW Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 217 Figure 129 - ROW Secured Facilities X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 218 Figure 130 - ROW Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market [$M] - 2010-2016... 219 Figure 131 - ROW Other Applications X-ray Security Systems Market Structure [%] - 2010 & 2016... 220 Figure 132 - Fused Modality Multi Threat (Explosives & Nuclear) Screening System... 223 Figure 133-3D Stereoscopic X-ray Camera and Images... 226 Figure 134-3D Stereoscopic X-ray Luggage Inspection Scheme... 226 Figure 135 - DHS S&T Explosives Division Functions... 228 Figure 136 - TSA RDT&E Strategic Vision... 229 Figure 137 - The 2D X-ray Performance Criteria... 230 Figure 138 - Remote Cargo Tele-Screening... 232 Figure 139 - Morpho X-Ray Systems... 284 Figure 140 - Smith Detection Activity Info.... 306 Figure 141 - Smith Detection 2011 Annual Summery.... 307 Figure 142 - Aviation Cargo and Passengers Growth Rate (CAGR): 2010-2030... 350 Figure 143 - Aviation Passengers RPK [Trillion] by Region -2010-2030... 350 Figure 144 - Aviation Passengers RPK [%] by Region -2010-2030... 351 Figure 145 - Global Aviation Passengers Vs. GDP Annual Growth [%] -1970-2010... 351 Figure 146 - Single Queue Serving Multiple X-ray Security Checkpoints... 355 Figure 147 - A Single Queue Serving Multiple Screening Positions... 356 Figure 148 - Two Single Lanes Serving Multiple Screening Positions... 356 Figure 149 - Separated Lines in Single Queue Serving Multiple Screening Positions... 357 Figure 150 - Checkpoint Staff Allocation... 358 2012, Homeland Security Research Corporation 2012-04-8652155 18