Lighting Your Way to Energy Retrofits A brief overview of lighting and lighting technologies. Ben Fox Associate Project Manager NYSERDA
Presentation Overview Brief introduction Brief overview of NYSERDA Lighting Basics Lighting Technologies Lighting audits and calculations Case Studies: Lighting only prescriptive incentives Lighting and Controls performance based incentives Deep energy retrofit lighting shortens the payback of the entire project Conclusion and Q&A K12Schools@nyserda.org
What is NYSERDA? Public benefit corporation Established by the New York State Legislature in 1975 NYSERDA is tasked to address the State s energy & environmental challenges Mission Use innovation and technology to solve some of New York s most difficult energy and environmental problems in ways that improve the State s economy Information and Resources Audits Capital incentives
Sources of Funding - Systems Benefit Charge (SBC) - Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS) - Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) - Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative Funds (RGGI) - American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) K12Schools@nyserda.org
Definitions Technologies Lamps Fixtures What to look for Lighting Basics
Lighting Basics: Illumination Levels Lumen = amount of light generated at the source Initial lumens Maintained lumens long term lumens Lumen depreciation = Maintained lumens /Initial lumens Lumens vary as a function of: Light source Run hours of lamp Temperature Footcandle = amount of light on task area K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Basics: Foot-candles (Fc) Libraries 30-50 Lounge and Waiting Areas 10-20 Educational Facilities white boards 5* Chalk boards 50* Desktop 30-50 Science labs 30-50 Restrooms 10-30 Shop Areas Rough to medium bench/machine work 30-75 Storage Areas 10 30 Food Service Facilities Food preparation task areas 50-75 Gymnasiums General 30 Competition and events 50-75 Average Horizontal Recommended Maintained Fc Providing high quality lighting allows the use of the lower end of the acceptable illuminance ranges
Lighting Basics: Color Temperature (CCT) Why its called color temperature? If iron were heated to various temperatures it would produce the following appearances: Arranged cooler to warmer 8,500 o K (14,841 o F)- northern blue sky 6,000 o K (10,341 o F)- white 3,000 o K (4,846 o F)- yellow-white 1,360 o K (2,000 o F)- bright red 900 o K (1,160 o F)- dull red K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Basics: Color Temperature (CCT) Higher Color Temperature Cooler More Blue Lower Color Temperature Warmer More red
Lighting Basics: Color Rendering Index (CRI) The term Color Rendering describes the ability of an artificial light source to render colors accurately (as rendered by sunlight). The Color Rendering Index (CRI) is a rating from 1 to 100 that quantifies the effect that a light source has on colors (100 being the best). K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Basics: Lighting Metrics Watts - measures electrical power (input) The lower the wattage the less energy used Lumens - is the light output of a lamp or an entire fixture The higher the number the more light is emitted Efficacy = lumens / Watts The higher the number the more efficacious the product
Lighting Basics: LPA and LPD LPA: Lighting power allowance The maximum allowed installed wattage dedicated to lighting for a given area LPD: Lighting power density Total wattage dedicated to lighting divided by the total area Energy Code LPD Power allowed to reach recommended light levels, regardless of technology To comply with code, the installed lighting power density must be less than or equal to the LPD listed in the code for the space or building type K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Technologies
Lighting Technologies: Incandescents The oldest electric lighting technology How it works: A filament is heated by electric current until it glows The phase-out of incandescent light is to begin with the 100-watt bulb in 2012 and end in 2014 with the 40- watt Lamp Types: A19, Par 38, R30, MR-16 K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Technologies: Linear Fluorescent There are three main types of linear fluorescent lamps: T12, T8, T5 How it works: An electric arc excites mercury atoms emitting UV radiation. The UV radiation strikes the phosphor coating and emits visible light.
Lighting Tech: Linear Fluorescent T What? The T Represents Lamp Shape Tubular. The Number Following Represents Lamp Diameter in Eighths of an Inch. A T5 Has a Diameter of 5/8. A T5 Has Miniature Bi-Pin Bases While T8 and T12 Lamps Use Medium Bi-pin Bases. K12Schools@nyserda.org
Lighting Technologies: Compact Fluorescent Twin and quad-tube preheat (5-28 W) 2 pins with starter in base (blink on) Twin, quad and hex-tube rapid start (5-50 W) 4 pins, nearly instant on, dimmable Screw-base (7-38 W) Integral and modular Preheat and electronic ballasts Some are dimmable
Lighting Tech: High Intensity Discharge (HID) Types Mercury Vapor Metal Halide Commonly used in industrial facilities, sports areas, other areas where good color rendition is required High Pressure Sodium Higher efficacy than metal halide lamps Produces a light golden color Commonly used for outdoor applications and such as parking lots, but seen in industrial facilities and large gymnasiums Low Pressure Sodium Has the highest efficacy of any commercially available HID Poorest color rendition of all lamp types Produces a pumpkin orange color K12Schools@nyserda.org Mercury Vapor Metal Halide High Pressure Sodium Low Pressure Sodium
Lighting Tech: Lighting Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Good replacements Refrigerator case lights Display case lighting Track and mono-point directional Garage, canopy, outdoor lighting Down lighting Bad replacements Replacement tubes References: DesignLights, ENERGY STAR, CALiPER
Summary CCT and CRI Technology CRI CCT ( o K) Natural Daylight 100 5000 8500 Mercury vapor 20 50 4000 6000 Metal halide 65 90 2900 5400 Fluorescent 50 90 2700 5000 Incandescent 90 100 2500 3000 Color improved HPS 65 80 2200 2700 Low pressure sodium 20 2000 LED 70 95 3000 6000 Induction 70 85 3000 4100 K12Schools@nyserda.org
Summary Source Efficacies Lamp Family Lamp Type Watts Efficacy Incandescent Incandescent 3-1,500 4-23 CFL Screw Base 9-85 40-65 Linear Fluorescent T5 14-35 96-104 T8HP 32 94-98 T12 40 53-83 Metal Halide Standard Probestart 50-1,500 69-115 High-Pressure Standard Probestart Sodium 35-1,000 64-150 Low-Pressure Sodium 18-180 100-175 LED 0.5-1,000s 60-80 Induction 70-150 70-79
Fluorescent Fixture Types Suspended Surface Mount Wall Wash and Wall Mount Retrofit Kits Linear Panels Recessed Architectural Troffers Parabolic Industrial Strip K12Schools@nyserda.org
Pulse Start Metal Halide High Pressure Sodium Full Cut-Off Fixtures Exterior Lighting Eliminates All Stray Light Pollution Provides Effective Light Where Needed LED Control Photocell Scheduling
DIY Lighting Audit Room Information RM# Length Width Height Number of fixtures x Watts per fixture total watts Room Dimensions 1 2 3 Lighting Information Existing Fixtures and Description Quantity Lamps/Fixture Fixture wattage Total watts existing -Total watts new Watts Saved RM1 RM2 RM1 New Fixtures and Description Quantity Lamps/Fixture Fixture wattage (Watts Saved x hours of use) 1000 kwh saved RM2
Salem CSD Lighting and Controls Retrofitted: 48 LED Exit Signs 57 T-8 Lamps 6 T-8 Lamps U Tubes 15 recessed fixtures 338 Occupancy sensors Total Project Cost: $81,995 NYSERDA incentive: $11,896.44 Energy Savings: 99,137 kwh (annual savings: $11,896.44) Simple payback: 5.89 years K12Schools@nyserda.org
Deep Energy Retrofit Brighter Choice Middle School - Over 50 Remote Mounted Occupancy Sensors - Over 750 New Fluorescent Fixtures T8, T5 & T5HO; Wall pendants, High-bay, and 4 troffers - Carbon-dioxide sensors for ventilation control on air-handling units - Economizer control on air-handling units - 10 New Air Handling units Incremental Cost* - $51,868.50 (above code) NYSERDA Incentive - $24,315.00 Annual kwh Savings 105,806.8 Annual energy savings - $12,696.82 Simple Payback 2.2 years
Deep Energy Retrofit Syracuse City School District Variable air-volume ventilation systems with variable-speed drives on supply and return air fans Economizer control on air-handling units Carbon-dioxide sensors for ventilation control on gym and cafeteria airhandling units Lighting, occupancy sensors, premium-efficiency motors and ENERGY STAR transformers Building Commissioning NYSERDA incentive: $150,076.00 Energy Savings: 422,446 kwh (annual savings: $55,953) Peak summer-demand reduction of 97.8 kw Annual emissions reduction of more than 186 tons Simple payback of 1.1 years
Lighting Resources Design Lights: http:www.designlights.org Energy Star: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_find_es_products Consortium for Energy Efficiency: http://www.cee1.org/com/com-lt/com-lt-main.php3 Additional Resources: Advanced Lighting Guidelines, New Buildings Institute, http://www.newbuildings.org/lighting.htm Energy Ideas Clearinghouse, http:www.energyideas.org Interlight -Search Tool Web Page, http:www.lightsearch.com/ Lighting Design Lab, www.lightingdesignlab.com Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lighting Research Center, http://www.lrc.rpi.edu Lighting Facts, http://www.lightingfacts.com/default.aspx?cp=label CALiPER, http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/ssl/reports.html K12Schools@nyserda.org
Conclusion NYSERDA Lighting Basics definitions Lighting Technologies Performing your own lighting audit Using NYSERDA and utility incentives Using lighting to buy down energy retrofits
Thank you Any Questions? Additional questions can be emailed to: K12Schools@nyserda.org