Håkan Johansson ABB Smart Grid Initiative May 11, 2011 Smart Grid, Implementation strategies ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 1
Smart Grid, a puzzle based on: an evolution challenging the entire power system Connecting large scale renewables Charging infrastructure E-mobility Increased transfer capacity Improved control of the distribution system Active consumer Increased need of balancing power Improved control and security of the network Improved power quality
Change to a sustainable energy system The change puts new requirements on the future grid New production Large-scale renewables Decentralized generation New usage Customer interaction Electrical vehicles Sustainable urban development Energy efficiency in industry Smart Grids makes it possible ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 3
Integration of renewable energy sources Availability of emission free balance power Consumption Production Source: SvK Wind and Solar requires more balance power
Smart Grid enables balance by interconnected networks and integrated active consumers Planning targets for Sweden Wind 30 TWh, 12 000 MW Compare with Hydro Nuclear 16 000 MW 9 000 MW MWh/h 30000 How to balance intermittent 12 000 MW wind? 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 + + Import / - Export Vattenkraft Hydro Vindkraft Wind Värmekraft District heating Kärnkraft Nuclear Elavändning Electrical demand 0 Balance control from the production and/or consumption side -5000-10000 Tor Fre Lör Sön Mån Tis Ons ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 5 Source: SvK Sweden
Peak load shaving by active consumers Challenge: Incentives for the consumers Load Benefits for network operator and energy supplier Use more efficient production units Use less costly production units Time Use units with less emission Improved utilization of the grid capacity ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 6
ABB Smart Grid Stockholm Stockholm Royal Seaport A sustainable urban city performing world class Objectives 2030 the Royal Seaport is fossil free 2020 CO2-emissions below 1,5 ton per person Focus areas Effective energy end-usage Environmental effective transports Life style Learn the new roles and functionalities of the grid in the transformed sustainable urban energy system Transfer learning's into market rules and large scale commercial applications
Example of a large-scale Smart Grid Stockholm Royal Seaport 7 1 Active houses/buildings and Demand Response 6 2 Reduced peak load and increased energy efficiency by demand side participation and home/building automation Distributed Energy Systems 6 6 2 3 Integration of production for local generation PV and Wind in Home/Building Automation Solution Integration and Use of electric vehicles 4 3 4 Integration of PHEV Charging Infrastructure Energy Storage for Network Support and DES* Increased stability and power quality 4 1 2 5 6 Harbor Control Solution Reduced CO2 emission based High voltage shore connection Smart Primary Substations 5 7 Increased efficiency and reliability with higher automation level Smart Grid Laboratory (part of Innovation Center) *DES, Distributed Energy Systems Research, development, simulation and implementation of smart grid application ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 8
ABB Smart Grid Gotland
Source: Vattenfall
Source: Vattenfall
Source: Vattenfall
Source: Vattenfall
Source: Vattenfall
Source: Vattenfall
ABB SVC Light with energy storage Handles intermittent energy production issues such as voltage control, grid stability during and after faults, as well as frequency regulation. Used during peak load situations and as emergency reserve during power outages. Energy Storage as alternative to investment in increased grid distribution capacity Current Project Two wind farms connected to 11 kv distribution system. Rated 200 kw/1 h, 600 kw/5 min ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 16
Wind potential in Taiwan Taiwan's wind power installation capacity may surge to 3,000 megawatts (MWs) by 2020 as the government is paying increased attention to clean or renewable energy.* Up to this year, more than 100 wind turbines installed in 13 wind farms along Taiwan's west coast. Capacity:420 MWs a year. Enough to power 105,000 households and prevent the emission of 250,000 tons of carbon dioxide a year.** *Source:ITRI ** World of wind energy
World of wind energy says Taiwan's coastal areas are ideal for the development of wind power because they have six months of strong northwest winds each year, with an average wind speed of five to six meters per second. In the long-term, Taipower plans is to build an additional 546 wind turbines between 2010 and 2020 in shallow waters off Taiwan's west coast and Penghu, with a total capacity of 1,980 MWs. Out of the 546 windmills, 176 will be built off the Penghu Islands, and the electricity generated by these units will be transmitted to Taiwan through a 40-kilometer undersea cable. Source: World of wind energy
Taipower Smart Grid Roadmap Source: taipower WEB
Smart Grid Roadmap Smart Grid evolution Mature phase (7-15 years) Residential/Community Energy storage Active houses Demand Response Emerging phase (3-7 years) Integration electric vehicles Distribution Automation ABB Group May 11, 2011 Slide 20 Initial phase (1-3 years) AMI integration with operational system Pilots for energy storage, active houses, electric vehicles, demand response, distribution automation, AMI integration Integration large scale wind/solar farms Smart Meters for billing Shore to ship power Building and house control SVC Light with Energy Storage Network Management Substation Automation with IEC61850 (FACTS) including SVC and STATCOM HVDC Light system Environmental and energy efficient equipments Today s business Time Smart Grid
Conclusions Smart Grid is the evaluation of today's systems and the enabler for a more sustainable energy system with a more consumer driven electricity market which includes: integration of renewable energy sources and efficient energy consumption Both transmission and distribution both automation/it and power devices both technology, business models and regulatory/market frameworks Smart Grid is still a learning process. An important arena to develop and demonstrate solutions for the future power system together with all stake holders including authorities and end users. Most of the components and systems needed exists today but new standards must be developed Smart Grid creates new jobs and attract new competences Everyone has to reconsider the individual energy consumption behavior