Development of Social Statistics in Indonesia: a brief note Wynandin Imawan wynandin@bps.go.id BPS Statistics Indonesia 29 September 2011 1 Legal Setting Institutional: Statistics Law No 16 1997; BPS Statistics Indonesia directly under the President Presidential Decree on BPS organization Describe in the Law main tasks of BPS to provide basic statistics to compile data from administrative records to coordinate statistical activities done by other government institutions Activities 3 censuses: population, agriculture, economy Regular social and economic surveys Produce stats from compilation of administrative records Budgeting Annual Budget Law, issued annually regulates budget allocated to state and government institutions to finance activities in the said fiscal year => State Budget BPS annual budget is stated in the Annual State Budget 29 September 2011 2
Social Statistics Provision Broad context Population and demography Social welfare and employment: sectors and cross cutting: poverty New emerging social issues: migrant workers, drugs, VAW and VAC, human trafficking, environment Data collecting on social stats Inter ministerial (social sectors) meeting to identify the needs information from individual ministry Data collection vehicles: Population census Regular social surveys Socioeconomic/HIES (quarterly): education, health, housing, sanitation, income, consumption Labor force (quarterly) Demographic and health (3 yearly), intercensal population (year ending with 5) 29 September 2011 3 Major development of Social Stats (1) Data collection Data collected and produced Years conducted Population census Demography (fertility, mortality, migration) 1961, 1971, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 In 2000 and 2010 a long form (± 40 vars) was collected to all households Intercensal Population Survey Major interest : ± 250 food items and ± 150 nonfood items collected Demography (fertility, mortality, migration) Income, Consumption, expenditure core stats education, employment, housing 1976, 1985, 1995, 2005 1964 annually Due to growing demands on annual social welfare stats in 1992 the collection of Susenas had been changed into core and module system: Core questions on demography, education, health, employment, fp, housing and expenditute colected annually along with one of three modules. Employment 1966 semester IDHS demography, health, FP 1997 conducted 3 yearly 29 September 2011 4
New development of Social Stats The use of social statistics: Stats are usually used for geographical targeting, i.e., planners and programmers uses stats to determine the intervention in certain regions and certain area of concerns as well that based on the priority (also based by stats) What about the implementation of individual targeting? List of people/households eligible for desired program has to be available In 2005, government implemented Unconditional Cash Transfer (UCT) to the poor households. Government asked BPS to identified the poors and made registration to make list of the poors eligible for UCT. In 2008, the list had been updated by deleting ineligible households (inclusion errors) and adding new poor households. The list was used for distributing rice subsidy and free health care insurance for the poors This year, BPS just finisihing data collecting to register 40% lowest population This registration has been established as 3 yearly updating 29 September 2011 5 Parameter of survey Name of Survey Susenas, National Socio Economic Survey Sakernas, National Labor Force Survey DHS ICPS Stats Sample size Periodicity Level of estimate education, health, housing, employment, Consumption, poverty employment demography, health, FP demography, migration, education, health, housing, 75,000 hhs 300,000 hhs 50,000 hhs, 150,000 hhs Quarterly cumulative Quarterly 3 rd quarter National, Province District National, Province District 50,000 hhs 3 yearly National, Province 300,000 hhs Year ending with 5 National, Province District 29 September 2011 6
key factors to statistical developments Evidence based policy making Quantitative goals and targets are clearly statistically measured and stated in planning documents Requires stats to be used in all stages of planning: situation analysis, policy formulation and policy making, program implementation, monitoring and evaluation Performance based budgeting Legislators ask ministries to provide stats to monitor and evaluate the progress and achievement of program; it is mandatory that stats produced by BPS International/Global commitments HDR: HDI and HPI have been used as instruments to allocate budget to provinces and districts; It requires annual Susenas data collecting MDGs Commitment of government to provide sustainable budget 29 September 2011 7 GOALS AND TARGETS (from the Millennium Declaration) Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of 1. people whose income is less than one dollar a day 2. 3 Target 2 Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education Target 3 Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. INDICATORS FOR MONITORING PROGRESS Proportion of population below $ 1 (PPP) per day Poverty gap ratio (incidence depth of poverty) Share of poorest quintile in national consumption Prevalence of underweight children under 5. Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption Net enrollment ratio in primary education Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5 Literacy rate of 15 24 years olds Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women Target 4 Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and to all levels of education no later than 2015 9. 10 11 12 Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education Ratio of literate females to males 15 24 years old Share of women in wage employment in nonagricultural sector Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament Goal 4. Reduce child mortality Target 5 Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under five mortality rate Goal 5. Improve maternal health Target 6 Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Target 7 Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS DATA SOURCES FOR MDG REPORT 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Under five mortality rate Infant mortality rate Proportion of 1 year old children immunized against measles Maternal mortality ratio Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel HIV prevalence among 15 24 years old pregnant women Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence Number of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS DATA SOURCES AND REPRESENTATIVENESS, N, P, U/R, D, N, P, U/R, N, P, U/R, N, P, U/R, G, Q, N, P, U/R, Q, N, P, U/R, D, G, Q, N, P, U/R, D, G, Q, N, P, U/R, D, G, Q, N, P, U/R, D, Q, N, P, U/R, D, Q /, N, P, U/R, D General Election Commission, N, P, D Demographic parameters, N, P, U/R D Demographic parameters, N, P, U/R D, IDHS: N, P, U/R, D, IDHS, N, P, U/R, D, Q, IDHS, N, P, U/R, D Notes: N: National, P: Province, D: District, U: Urban, R: Rural, G: Gender, Q: Quintile; : Socioeconomic Survey; : Labor Force Survey 29 September 2011 8
Target 8 GOALS AND TARGETS (from the Millennium Declaration) Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Target 9 Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 INDICATORS FOR MONITORING PROGRESS Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria Proportion of population in malaria risk areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment measures Prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under directly observed treatment short course Proportion of land area covered by forest Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity to surface area Energy use (kg oil equivalent) per $ 1 GDP (PPP) Carbon dioxide emissions (per capita) and consumption of ozone depleting CFCs (ODP ton) Proportion of population using solid fuels DATA SOURCES AND REPRESENTATIVENESS Ministry of Forestry Target 10 Halve by 2015 the proportion of people without 30 Proportion of population with sustainable access to an, N, P, U/R, D, Q sustainable access to safe drinking water improved water source, urban and rural Target 11 By 2020 to have achieved a significant improvement 31 in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers 32 Proportion of urban population with access to improved sanitation Proportion of households with access to secure tenure, N, P, U/R, D, Q, N, P, U/R, D, Q (owned or rented) Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development Target 12 Develop further an open, rule based, predictable, non discriminatory trading and financial system Some of the indicators listed below are monitored separately for the least developed countries (LDCs), Africa, landlocked countries and small island developing States Include a commitment to good governance, development, and poverty reduction both nationally and internationally Official development assistance Target 13 Address the special needs of the least developed countries Includes: tariff and quota free access for least developed countries exports; enhanced programme of debt relief for HIPCs and cancellation of official bilateral debts; and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction 33 34 35 Net ODA, total and to LDCs, as percentage of OECD/ DAC donors gross national income (OECD) Proportion of total bilateral, sector allocable ODA of OECD/DAC donors to basic social services (basic education, primary health care, nutrition, safe water and sanitation Proportion of bilateral (ODA) of OECD/DAC donors that is untied (OECD) Notes: N: National, P: Province, D: District, U: Urban, R: Rural, G: Gender, Q: Quintile; : Socioeconomic Survey; : Labor Force Survey 29 September 2011 9 GOALS AND TARGETS (from the Millennium Declaration) INDICATORS FOR MONITORING PROGRESS Target 14 Address the special needs of landlocked countries 36 ODA received in landlocked countries as and small island developing countries States proportion of their GNIs (OECD) (through the Programme of Action for the 37 ODA received in small island developing States as Sustainable Development of Small Island proportion of their GNIs Developing States and the outcome of the twentysecond special session of the General Assembly) Market access Target 15 Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of 38 Proportion of total developed country imports (by developing countries through national and value and excluding arms) from developing international measures in order to make debt countries and from LDCs, admitted free of duties sustainable in the long tern 39 Average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products and textiles and clothing from 40 developing countries Agricultural support estimate for OECD countries 41 as percentage of their GDP Proportion of ODA provided to help build trade capacity Debt sustainability Target 16 Target 17 Target 18 In cooperation with developing countries, develop and implement strategies for decent and productive work for youth In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies especially information and communication 42 43 44 Total number of countries that have reached their HIPC decision points and number that have reached their HIPC completion points (cumulative) Debt relief committed under HIPC initiative, US$ Debt services as percentage of exports of goods and services 45 Unemployment rate of 15 24 years old, each sex and total 46 Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a sustainable basis 47 48 Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 population Personal computers in use per 100 population and internet users per 100 population DATA SOURCES AND REPRESENTATIVENESS, N : N, P, U/R, D Telecommunication provider companies : N, P, U/R, D Notes: N: National, P: Province, D: District, U: Urban, R: Rural, G: Gender, Q: Quintile; : Socioeconomic Survey; : Labor Force Survey 29 September 2011 10
DATA SOURCES FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT DIMENSION INDICATORS DATA SOURCES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX Dimension Longetivity Acquired knowledge Decent living GENDER SENSITIVE DEVELOMPENT INDEX Dimension Longetivity Acquired knowledge Decent living GENDER EMPOWERMENT MEASURE Dimension Political participation Policy making process Access to economy resources HUMAN POVERTY INDEX: deprived from Dimension Longevity Acquired knowledge Decent living 1. Expectancy of life at birth 2.1 Adult literacy rate 2.2 Mean Years of Schooling 3.1 Per capita consumption and expenditure 3.2 PPP (IDR) 1. 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 1. 2. 3.1 3.2 1. 2. 3.1 3.2 3.3 Expectancy of life at birth Adult literacy rate Mean Years of Schooling Per capita consumption and expenditure Share of women in wage employment in non-agricultural Share of women in economically active population Proportion of seats held by women in parliament Proportion of women in the policy making position in government and business Share of women in wage employment in non-agricultural sector Equally Distributed Equivalent % of people not exceeding 40 years of age % of adult illiteracy % malnutrition of under-5 children % people with no access to health facility % people with no access to safe water IPC, projection IPC, projection General Election Com. IPC, projection 29 September 2011 11 Thank You 29 September 2011 12