Meeting the California Standards

Scope and Sequence

Meeting the California Standards Houghton Mifflin Reading: A Legacy of Literacy is built on a solid foundation of research in best teaching practices. Explicit, systematic instruction and a variety of state-specific resources ensure success for all California students. This new standards-based program Delivers explicit, systematic instruction to align with the California English Language Arts Standards Ensures beginning reading success, with thorough development of oral language, phonemic awareness, letter recognition, phonics and blending skills, and highfrequency vocabulary recognition Develops early reading fluency with hundreds of selections of engaging decodable text in grades K-2 Fosters independent and confident readers with a gradual transition from decodable text to trade literature Provides consistent development of comprehension strategies and skills, starting in kindergarten and increasing in emphasis as students move into the intermediate grades Provides built-in, daily support for students to help them meet the California standards Features a comprehensive system of diagnostic, prescriptive, and summative assessment Provides extensive support to reinforce and extend instruction in response to California s call for Universal Access to the curriculum Includes a comprehensive collection of literature resources to meet the independent reading needs of all students.

A Scope and Sequence of Skills and The skills and strategies taught in Houghton Mifflin Reading: A Legacy of Literacy represent a comprehensive plan of instruction with a special focus on California content standards. Systematic instruction and a variety of state-specific resources ensure success for all California students. Table of Contents Kindergarten...............................2 Grade 1...................................8 Grade 2..................................14 Grade 3..................................18 Grade 4..................................22 Grade 5..................................26 Grade 6..................................30

Skills Overview Grade K Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Learning to Read Word Work Phonemic Awareness High-Frequency Words High-Frequency and Phonics and Word Practice Theme 1: Look At Us! We re getting to know ourselves and each other. Phonemic Awareness: Rhyming Words (Week 1); Beginning Sounds (Weeks 2, 3) Compare and Contrast Noting Details Concepts of Print Directionality: Left to Right Directionality: Top to Bottom Previewing the ABC s Theme 2: Colors All Around We see beautiful colors everywhere. Beginning Sounds Phonemic Awareness Words in Oral Sentences Initial Consonant s, m, r Review Initial Consonants s, m, r Familiar Consonants; s, m, r High-Frequency Words: I, see Sequence of Events Inferences: Making Predictions Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Capital at the Beginning of a Sentence End Punctuation Matching Words Building Sentences Theme 3: We re a Family Families work, play, and celebrate together. Phonemic Awareness: Blending Onset and Rime; Segmenting Onset and Rime Initial Consonants t, b, n Familiar Consonants; b, m, n, r, s, t High-Frequency Words: my, like Story Structure: Character/Setting Inferences: Drawing Conclusions Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Capital at the Beginning of a Sentence End Punctuation Directionality: Return Sweep Matching Words Building Sentences 2

Welcome to Kindergarten Spiral Review Pacing Multi-age Classroom Start the year with stories, songs, rhymes, alphabet activities, and routines. Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills and high-frequency words. Each theme is designed to take approximately three weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in Grade 1. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Exploring Words Oral Language Writing Listening/ Content Areas Speaking/Viewing Learning About Big and Little Naming Words: Parts of the Body Using Describing Words Vocabulary Expansion using size words, naming words and describing words Shared Writing writing a list naming words: parts of the body writing a description Interactive Writing writing a list using naming words writing a journal entry learning about big and little using size words, naming words and describing words writing a list Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Dramatic Play Center Center Art Center Independent Writing choosing a topic Journals Color Words Using Describing Words Using Exact Naming Words Using Singular and Plural Naming Words Vocabulary Expansion using describing words using exact naming words using plural names Shared Writing writing a description writing a graphic organizer Interactive Writing writing a description writing a class story Independent Writing Journals using describing words writing a description using exact naming words using singular and plural naming words Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Dramatic Play Center Center Art Center Family Words Environmental Print Using Movement Words Using Exact Naming Words Using Action Words Vocabulary Expansion using family words types of clothing using order words Shared Writing recording observations writing a grocery list using order words Interactive Writing writing a journal entry choosing a good title using order words Independent Writing Journals using movement words using family words using exact naming words types of clothing writing a grocery list choosing a good title using order words Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Dramatic Play Center Center Art Center Center 9 Indicates Tested Skills 3

Skills Overview Grade K Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Learning to Read Word Work Phonemic Awareness High-Frequency Words High-Frequency and Phonics and Word Practice Theme 4: Friends Together Friends have lots of fun together. Phonemic Awareness: Blending and Segmenting; Onset and Rime; Blending Phonemes Initial Consonants h, v, c Blending Short a Words Familiar Consonants; Short a Words High-Frequency Words: a, to Text Organization and Summarizing Cause and Effect Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Word Spacing First Letter in a Written Word Match Spoken Words to Print Matching Words Building Sentences Theme 5: Let s Count! Numbers are important to us in many ways. Phonemic Awareness: Blending Phonemes Initial Consonants p, g, f Blending Short a Words Familiar Consonants; Short a Words High-Frequency Words: and, go Categorize and Classify Story Structure: Beginning, Middle, End Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Distinguish Letter/Word/Sentence First/Last Letter in a Written Word Match Spoken Words to Print Matching Words Building Sentences Theme 6: Sunshine and Raindrops Whatever the weather, it affects us every day! Phonemic Awareness: Blending Phonemes; Segmenting Phonemes Initial Consonants l, k, q Blending Short i Words Familiar Consonants; Short a or Short i Words High-Frequency Words: is, here Fantasy/Realism Story Structure: Plot Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Capital at the Beginning of a Sentence End Punctuation Quotation Marks Matching Words Building Sentences 4

Pacing Multi-age Classroom Each theme is designed to take approximately three weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in Grade 1. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Building Words Oral Language Writing Listening/ Content Areas Speaking/Viewing Words with Short a Using Position Words Using Action Words Vocabulary Expansion using position words using action words Shared Writing writing a newsletter writing a story writing a note Interactive Writing using position words writing sentences writing a list using position words using action words writing a list Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Art Center Independent Writing Journals Words with Short a Using Describing Words describing objects by number and color Rhyming Words Vocabulary Expansion using number words using naming words describing food Shared Writing writing a list writing a number rhyme writing a friendly letter Interactive Writing using describing words writing a poem writing a list Independent Writing Journals writing a list using naming words rhyming words using describing words writing a friendly letter Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Art Center Dramatic Play Center Center Words with Short i or Short a Using Describing Words Using Action Words action words for weather action words for outdoor activities Vocabulary Expansion using describing words using weather action words Shared Writing writing a description weather observations writing a story Interactive Writing writing sentences writing a weather report writing a story Independent Writing Journals using describing words writing a description writing sentences using weather action words weather observations a weather report using action words writing a story Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Art Center Dramatic Play Center Center Indicates Tested Skills 5

Skills Overview Grade K Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Learning to Read Word Work Theme 7: Wheels Go Around Wheels help us work and play, sometimes in unexpected ways. Theme 8: Down on the Farm The farm is a busy place for animals and for people, too. Phonemic Awareness High-Frequency Words High-Frequency and Phonics and Word Practice Phonemic Awareness: Blending and Segmenting Phonemes Initial Consonants d, z Blending Short i Words Familiar Consonants; Short i or Short a Words Phonemic Awareness: Blending Phonemes; Phoneme Substitution (Initial) Initial Consonants t, k, n, f, h, s Final Consonant x Blending Short o Words Familiar Consonants; Short i or Short o Words High-Frequency Words: for, have High-Frequency Words: said, the Text Organization and Summarizing Cause and Effect Making Predictions Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print First/Last Letter of a Written Word Matching Words Recognize Use of All Caps Match Spoken Words to Print Fantasy/Realism Noting Important Details Drawing Conclusions Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Recognize Use of All Caps Directionality: Left to Right, Return Sweep Matching Words Building Sentences Matching Words Building Sentences Theme 9: Spring Is Here Spring is a wonderful season of new growth. Theme 10: A World of Animals Interesting animals are everywhere! Phonemic Awareness: Syllables in Spoken Words; Phoneme Substitution Initial Consonants w, y Final Consonant x Blending Short e Words Familiar Consonants; Short e or Short o Words Phonemic Awareness: Phoneme Substitution Initial Consonants j, d, n, w Blending Short u Words Familiar Consonants; Short u or Short e Words High-Frequency Words: play, she High-Frequency Words: are, he Sequence of Events Story Structure: Character and Setting Categorize and Classify Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Distinguish Letter/Word/Sentence First/Last Letter in a Written Word Story Structure: Beginning, Middle, End Compare and Contrast Story Structure: Plot Phonics/Decoding Concepts of Print Capital at Beginning of a Sentence End of a Sentence/End Punctuation Matching Words Building Sentences Matching Words Building Sentences 6

Pacing Multi-age Classroom Each theme is designed to take approximately three weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in Grade 1. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Building Words Oral Language Writing Listening/ Content Areas Speaking/Viewing Words with Short i or Short a Using Opposites Using Position Words Vocabulary Expansion opposites chart position words, parts of a car words for travel Shared Writing writing about signs writing a class story writing a report Interactive Writing writing about signs writing a class story writing a report using opposites writing about signs using position words position words, parts of a car writing a class story using opposites words for travel writing a report Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Art Center Dramatic Play Center Center Independent Writing Journals Words with Short o or Short i Using Naming Words Using Exact Naming Words Using Singular and Plural Naming Words Vocabulary Expansion using rhyming words using comparisons using naming words Shared Writing writing a story writing a friendly letter writing a class newsletter Interactive Writing using naming words writing a class newsletter Independent Writing Journals using exact naming words writing a class newsletter Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Art Center Dramatic Play Center Words with Short e, Short o, or Short i Using Action Words Using Rhyming Words Using Order Words Vocabulary Expansion using action words rhyming words bank springtime vocabulary Shared Writing writing with action words writing a with rhyming words writing a class story Interactive Writing writing an article writing a rhyme revising a class story Independent Writing Journals using action words writing an article writing a class story revising a class story Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Art Center Dramatic Play Center Center Words with Short u, Short e, or Short o Using Exact Naming Words Using Rhyming Words Using Order Words Vocabulary Expansion comparing information using exact words, rhyming words animal names Shared Writing writing a report writing a book report writing directions Interactive Writing writing a report writing a book report writing directions Independent Writing Journals comparing information writing a report using exact words rhyming words writing a book report animal names writing directions Book Center Phonics Center Writing Center Center Dramatic Play Center Center 13 Indicates Tested Skills 7

Skills Overview Grade 1 Grade at a Glance Learning to Read Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start off the year with a Kindergarten Review to review phonemic awareness and phonics skills and to introduce the reading strategies. Word Work Phonemic Awareness; High-Frequency Words Spelling Phonics/Decoding and Theme 1: All Together Now Friends do all kinds of things together. Consonants m, s, c, t, n, f, p, b, r, h, g Short a, i Blending Short a, Short i Words High-Frequency Words: go, on, the, and, here, jump, not, too, we, a, find, have, one, to, who Sequence of Events Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Noting Details Words with m, s, c, t, n, f, p, b, r, h, g, Short a, Short i Alphabet Review Words with a, c, m, s, t Words with Short a Theme 2: Surprise! Things don t always turn out the way you expect. Consonants d, w, l, x, y, k, v, qu, j, z Short o, e, u Blending Short o, Short e, Short u Words Words with Short i Words with Short o Words with Short e High-Frequency Words: five, four, in, once, three, two, upon, what, do, for, I, is, me, my, said, you, are, away, does, he, live, pull, they, where Noting Details Fantasy/Realism Story Structure Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Words with d, w, l, x, y, k, v, qu, j, z,short o, Short e, Short u Theme 3: Let s Look Around! Interesting things happen in the world around us. Double Final Consonants; Clusters with r Blending More Short a, Short i Words Plurals with s; Verb Endings -s, -ed, -ing; Possessives with s; Contractions with s Words with Short u, Short a; Double Final Consonants; Plurals with s; Short a Short i, Verbs Ending with s, -ed, -ing; Possessives with s High-Frequency Words: animal, bird, cold, fall, flower, full, look, of, see, all, call, eat, every, first, never, paper, shall, why, also, blue, brown, color, funny, green, like, many, some Topic, Main Idea, Details/Summarizing Story Structure Fantasy/Realism Making Predictions Categorize and Classify Noting Details Short a and i Sounds Consonant Clusters with r 8

Spiral Review Genre Study Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills and high-frequency words. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Poetry, Plays, and Folktales. Each theme is designed to take approximately 3 weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Vocabulary Writing Grammar, Usage, Listening/ Cross-Curricular and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Content Area Animal Names & Sounds Rhyming Words School Words Shape Words Words for Feelings Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: A Class Story Writing About Animals; Things We Do at School; Creating a New Ending Coached Writing Capital and Lowercase Letters Beginning Sentences with Capital Letters Punctuation Listening Comprehension Compare and Contrast Using Nonverbal Cues Listening to a Story Choral Reading Singing Songs Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Number Words Fun Things Opposites Foods Days of the Week Homographs Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: A Class Letter; A Class Message; A Diary Using Alliteration; Writing About Animals & Bugs Coached Writing Capitalizing Names Word Order in Sentences Naming Words Action Words Sharing Compare and Contrast Main Idea and Details Conflict Resolution Retell/ Reader s Theater Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Seasons of the Year Months of the Year Possessives Words that Describe Size Color Words Words That Show Position Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: A Class Description; A Persuasive Letter; A Class Story Writing About Favorite Seasons; Writing About Favorite Foods; Writing About Trips Coached Writing What is a Sentence? Naming Part of a Sentence Action Part of a Sentence Gathering Fact or Opinion? Non-Verbal Cues Retelling a Story Main Idea and Details Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Indicates Tested Skills 9

Skills Overview Grade 1 Grade at a Glance Learning to Read Phonics/Decoding Word Work Phonemic Awareness; High-Frequency Words Spelling Phonics/Decoding and Theme 4: Family and Friends Family and friends share good times. Blending More Short o, Short e Words; Short u Words Clusters with l, s; Triple Clusters Silent Letters in kn, wr, gn Clusters with r; Contractions with s Clusters with l; Words with Short o Clusters with s; Silent Consonants; Words with Short e High-Frequency Words: children, come, family, father, love, mother, people, picture, your, friend, girl, know, play, read, she, sing, today, write, car, down, hear, hold, hurt, learn, their, walk, would Compare and Contrast Sequence of Events Drawing Conclusions Categorize and Classify Making Predictions Short o, e, u Sounds Theme 5: Home Sweet Home Everyone has a different kind of home. Digraphs sh, th, wh, ch, tch Blending Long a, Long i Words (CVCe) Final nd, ng, nk Contractions Short u; Triple Clusters Digraphs sh, th, and wh; Digraphs ch and tch Long a, Soft c and g; Final nd, ng, nk High-Frequency Words: grow, light, long, more, other, right, room, small, these, could, house, how, over, own, so, world, give, good, her, little, try, was, fly, our Compare and Contrast Making Generalizations Cause and Effect Sequence of Events Noting Details Words Spelled with sh, ch Long a Sound; Long i Sound Theme 6: Animal Adventures Real and imaginary animals have all kinds of adventures. Blending Long o (CV, CVCe), Long u (CVCe), Long e (CV, CVCe) Words Final Clusters ft, lk, nt Vowel Pairs ee, ea, ai, ay Long i (CvCe); Contractions Long o (CV, CVCe), Long u (CVCe); Final Clusters ft, lk,nt Long e (CV, CVCe); Vowel Pairs ee, ea High-Frequency Words: morning, found, shout, by, out, show, climb, cow, table, now, door, there, through, horse, wall, been, far, forest, goes, hungry, soon, evening, near Story Structure Noting Details Making Predictions Cause and Effect Making Generalizations Words with: Long o, Long e (e, ee, ea); ay 10

Genre Study Pacing Multi-age Classroom For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Poetry, Plays, and Folktales. Each theme is designed to take approximately 3 weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Vocabulary Writing Grammar, Usage, Listening/ Cross-Curricular and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Content Area Family Words Exclamatory Words Sensory Words Words and Symbols on Signs Words Noise Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: A Class Album; A Class Message; A Class Letter Writing Answers to s; Writing Sentences on a Topic; Writing s Coached Writing Is It a Sentence? Telling Sentences Asking Sentences Compare and Contrast Conversation Retelling/Summarizing Reader s Theater Looking at Fine Art Environmental Print Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Antonyms Size Words Words State and Country Names Base Words with -ing Weather Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: An Alternate Ending; Class Letter; Class Paragraph Writing Complete Sentences Writing a Journal Entry; Writing a Paragraph Developing Your Writing Exclamations Which Kind of Sentence? Using I or Me in Sentences Visualizing Conversation Compare and Contrast Gathering Discussion Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Personal Narrative Alphabetical Order Fruits and Vegetables Rhyming Words Expressions of Surprise Parts of the Body Animal Action Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: A Letter of Persuasion; A Class Story; A Summary Answering a Comprehension Writing to Persuade; Writing a Summary Developing Your Writing Naming Words for People and Animals Naming Words for Things and Places Naming Words for One or More Listening for Enjoyment Compare and Contrast Retelling Listening for Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Description Indicates Tested Skills 11

Skills Overview Grade 1 Grade at a Glance Learning to Read Phonics/Decoding Word Work Theme 7: We Can Work It Out Characters find unique ways to solve problems. Phonemic Awareness; High-Frequency Words Spelling Phonics/Decoding and Vowel Pairs oa, ow; oo, ew, ue, ou, /oo/ The /oo/ Sound for oo Compound Words Long i, (ie, igh) Vowel Pairs ai, ay Vowel Pairs oa, ow The /oo/ Sound for oo; Compound Words High-Frequency Words: again, both, gone, or, want, turn, hard, afraid, any, bear, follow, most, tall, water, idea, old, piece, shoe, start, under, very, wear, build Problem Solving Sequence of Events Reality/Fantasy Making Predictions Noting Details More Long o spellings (oa, ow) Vowel Sound in book, moon Theme 8: Our Earth We can all care for and enjoy Earth s resources. Base Words and Endings -s, -ed, -ing Vowel Pairs ou, ow, /oo/ Syllabication Vowel pairs oo, ew, ue, ou; /oo/ Long i (ie, igh) Base Words and Endings s, -ed, -ing Vowel Pairs ou, ow (/ou/) High-Frequency Words: about, because, draw, happy, teacher, part, tiny, always, eight, arms, seven, warm, ready, body, carry, kind, put, saw, butter, were, work, person Categorize and Classify Topic, Main Idea, Details/Summarizing Drawing Conclusions Fantasy/Realism Sequence of Events Adding -s to Naming Words Vowel Sound in cow Words that End with -ed, -ing Theme 9: Special Friends Some friendships are more special than others. Sounds for y Base Words and Endings -es, -ies Vowel Pairs oi, oy, aw, au Prefixes un- and re- Suffixes -ful, -ly, -y Base Words and Endings: -ed, -ing Sounds for y Base Words and Endings es, -ies; Prefixes un-, re- High-Frequency Words: around, dance, else, open, talk, ever, though, ocean, after, before, buy, pretty, school, done, off, wash, only, together, watched, baby, edge, enough, garden, sharp Noting Details Story Structure Compare and Contrast Drawing Conclusions Long i Sound Spelled y Adding -es to Naming Words Vowel Sound in coin Theme 10: We Can Do It! There s always a way to get something done. r- Controlled Vowels: or, ore, er, ir, ur, ar Base Words and Endings -er, -est Vowel Pairs oi, oy, aw, au; Suffixes ful, -ly, -y r-controlled Vowels: or, ore; r-controlled Vowels: ar, er, ir, ur Base Words and Endings: -er, -est High-Frequency Words: began, laugh, sure, head, divide, second, break, above, against, already, caught, begin, minute, able, eye, present, thoughts Making Predictions Sequence of Events Cause and Effect Story Structure Compare and Contrast Vowel +r Sound in store, car Adding -er, -est to Words 12

Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Poetry, Plays, and Folktales. Each theme is designed to take approximately 3 weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Centers Vocabulary Writing Grammar, Usage, Listening/ Cross-Curricular and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Content Area Categorizing Friendship Words Multiple-Meaning Words City Words Syllabication House Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: Writing an Opinion; Writing a Description; A Class Poem Writing Clearly with Naming Words Writing a Message, Writing an Invitation Developing Your Writing Proper Nouns (People, Animals, Places, Things) Pronouns Group Discussion Conflict Resolution Reader s Theater Environmental Print Retelling a Story Conversation Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Story Compound Words Nature Words Words Color and Pattern Words Homophones Words that Describe Apple Products Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: Writing a Class Summary; Writing an al Paragraph; Writing a Character Sketch Writing Clearly with Action Words Writing in a Learning Log Developing Your Writing Action Words Present Tense Action Words with -ed Assessing and Evaluating Listening to Dramatizing a Story Monitoring Understanding Retelling a Story Giving a Report Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Research Report Sensory Words Family Activity Words Synonyms Feeling Words Possessive Pronouns Bird Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: Writing a Solution; A Class Newsletter; Writing Another Version Complete Sentences Response to Literature; Writing a Comparison Developing Your Writing Is/Are Using Was and Were Describing What We See Discussing Conflict Resolution and Assess Having a Conversation Giving Visualizing Reader s Theater Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Friendly Letter Content Area Words: Ordinal Number Words Prefixes dis-, re- Figurative Language: Comparisons Suffix -ly Clothing Words Independent Journal Writing Shared Writing: Writing an Opinion; Class Poem; Writing an Alternate Ending Writing Clearly with Describing Words Book Report; Thank-You Note Developing Your Writing Describing What We Hear Describing Words: Taste, Smell, Feel Comparing (-er, -est) Assess/ Giving a Book Report Giving and Following Directions Listening to Retell Comparing and Contrasting Stories Phonics and Language Writing and Technology Creative Arts Reading Writing Workshop : Instructions Indicates Tested Skills 13

Skills Overview Grade 2 Grade at a Glance Reading Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start the year off with the story The Sandwich to introduce the reading strategies. Word Work Phonemic Awareness; and Spelling Phonics/Decoding and Study Skills Theme 1: Silly Stories Stories with silly characters and funny situations make us laugh. Short Vowels a, i Short Vowels o, u, e, VCCV Pattern Long Vowels CVCe: a, i Base Words and -s, -ed, -ing Endings Short Vowels a, i Short Vowels o, u, e Story Structure Fantasy and Realism Predicting Outcomes Reading a Chart How to Follow Directions Genre: How-To Nonfiction How to Scan for Visual Literacy: Speech Balloons Using a Diagram Locating The Short a and i Sounds The Short e, o, and u Sounds Vowel-Consonant -e Spellings Theme 2: Nature Walk Nature can be observed and enjoyed, wherever you are. Long Vowels CVCe: o, u, e; Two Sounds for g Consonant Clusters (r, l, s); Two Sounds for c Double Consonants; VCCV Pattern Long Vowels CVCe: a, i Long Vowels CVCe: o, u, e Consonant Clusters (r, l, s) Compare and Contrast Fact and Opinion Categorize and Classify Using a Map How to Read Instructions Using a Graph How to Read a Article Using Guide Words in a Dictionary More Vowel-Consonant -e Spellings Words with Consonant Clusters Words with Double Consonants Theme 3: Around Town: Neighborhood and Community People work hard to make their neighborhood a good place to live. Consonant Digraphs th, wh, sh, ch (tch); Base Words and Endings -er and -est Vowel Pairs ai, ay; Compound Words Vowel Pairs ow, ou; Suffixes -ly, -ful Vowel Pairs ee, ea; Common Syllables -tion, -ture Double Consonants Consonant Digraphs th, wh, sh, ch (tch) Vowel Pairs ai, ay Vowel Pairs ow, ou Making Judgments Topic/Main Idea/Details Problem Solving Making Inferences Using a Schedule How to Read a Diagram How to Take Notes Using the Phone Book Understanding the Calendar How to Follow a Recipe Using an Encyclopedia Words Spelled with th, wh, sh, or ch More Long a Spellings The Vowel Sound in cow More Long e Spellings 14

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills and high-frequency words. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Fables and Biography. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills, Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area High-Frequency Words Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing High-Frequency Words Homophones Synonyms Multiple-Meaning Words Story Beginning, Middle, and End Writing a Title Writing Sentences What Is a Sentence? Naming Parts of Sentences Action Parts of Sentences Writing Dates A Character Sketch Adding Details A Response-Journal Entry A Journal Entry Voice Conducting a Choral Retelling Participating in a Group Discussion Having a Conversation Health Listening and Speaking Internet Viewing High-Frequency Words Compound Words Antonyms Multiple-Meaning Words Description Using Sensory Language Adding Details Writing Sentences Telling Sentences and s Commands Exclamations Adding Words to Make Complete Sentences Writing an Answer to a A Paragraph Main Idea and Details A Learning Log Entry Telling More Tell a Story Make a Descriptive Presentation View Details Vocabulary Internet Listening and Speaking Viewing High-Frequency Words Dictionary: ABC Order to the Third Letter Dictionary: Beginning, Middle, End Using Context Dictionary: Guide Words Friendly Letter The Five Parts of a Letter Telling Enough Using Different Kinds of Sentences Naming Words (Common Nouns) Special Nouns One and More Than One Nouns That Change Spelling in the Plural Using Exact Nouns A Scene Taking Notes Choosing What Is Important Problem-Solution Paragraph Using Exact Nouns Writing to Persuade Audience Making a Banner Giving Personal Telling a Story Through Drama Viewing Illustrations of Characters Health Listening and Speaking Internet Vocabulary Viewing Art Indicates Tested Skills 15

Skills Overview Grade 2 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Reading Word Work Phonemic Awareness; and Spelling Phonics/Decoding and Study Skills Theme 4: Amazing Animals These animals do everything from the incredible to the hilarious. r-controlled Vowel ar; r-controlled Vowels or, ore Words with nd, nt, mp, ng, nk; Base Words and Endings -s, -es, -ies (nouns) Vowel Pairs oa, ow Common Syllables -tion, -ture r-controlled Vowels ar, or, ore Words with nd, nt, mp, ng, nk Drawing Conclusions Text Organization Cause and Effect Using a Glossary Interviewing How to Read a Map Using Directions The Vowel + r Sounds in car Words That End with nd, ng, or nk More Long o Spellings Theme 5: Family Time People in a family learn from and help one another. The -er Ending in Two-Syllable Words Contractions; The -le Ending in Two-Syllable Words Sound of y at the End of Longer Words; The Prefix -un Base Words and Endings -ed, -ing (double final consonant); Silent Consonants gh, K(n), b Vowel Pairs oa, ow The -er Ending in Two-Syllable Words The -le Ending in Two-Syllable Words Sound of y at the End of Longer Words Making Generalizations Following Directions Making Judgments Sequence of Events Parts of a Book: Title Page and Table of Contents Understanding and Using Timelines How to Adjust Your Rate of Reading Reference Sources: Electronic Media Taking Notes Words That End with -er Contractions The Final Sound in puppy Words that end with -ed or -ing Theme 6: Talent Show Talented people work hard at what they love to do. Vowel Pairs oo, ew, ue, ou Long i (igh, and ie) Base Words and Endings -ed, -ing (drop final e) Base Words and Endings -ed, -ing (double final consonant) Vowel Pairs oo, ew, ue, ou Long i (igh, ie) Author s Viewpoint Noting Details Problem Solving Chapter Titles and Headings Using a Newspaper Captions The Vowel Sounds in moon and book Words with Long i Patterns More Words with -ed or -ing 16

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills and high-frequency words. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Fables and Biography. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills, Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area High-Frequency Words Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing High-Frequency Words Dictionary: Entry Words Using a Thesaurus Dictionary: Parts of a Dictionary Entry Research Report Finding and Evaluating Using Facts Using Exact Nouns Words for Nouns Singular Possessive Nouns Plural Possessive Nouns Writing Times Using I and me An Invitation A Poem A News Article Adding Details Giving a Talk Having a Group Discussion Giving Clear Directions Health Listening and Speaking Internet Art High-Frequency Words Word Families Dictionary: Word Meanings Word Skills: Homophones Dictionary: Finding Words with Endings Personal Narrative Writing a Good Beginning Keeping to the Topic Using Possessive Nouns Verbs Verbs That Tell About Now Verbs That Tell About the Past The Verbs is/are, was/were Combining Sentences An Opinion Paragraph Voice Responding to a Writing Prompt Keeping to the Point An Paragraph Dialogue Capitalization and Punctuation with Quotation Marks Giving a Presentation Describing a Photograph Taping a Message Putting on a Play Health Vocabulary Internet Art Listening and Speaking Viewing High-Frequency Words Word Families Multiple-Meaning Words Using Context Instructions Sequencing Steps Using Time-Order Words Using Exact Verbs Other Irregular Verbs Adjectives, Including a, an, and the Comparing with Adjectives Is It a Sentence? A Paragraph That Explains A Summary Paraphrasing A Comparison/ Contrast Paragraph Giving Examples How to Look at Fine Art Compare/Contrast Illustrations Giving Nonverbal Cues Giving a Persuasive Talk Art Listening and Speaking Internet Viewing Indicates Tested Skills 17 11

Skills Overview Grade 3 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start the year off with the story The Rules to introduce the reading strategies. Theme 1: Off to Adventure! Adventures come in all shapes and sizes. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Sequence of Events Making Inferences Cause and Effect Parts of a Book How to Read a Key Using the Dictionary How to Read a Map Using a K-W-L Chart Base Words Syllabication Inflectional Endings -ed, -ing Short Vowels a, e, i More Short Vowels o,u Vowel-Consonant-e Pattern Short Vowels a, e, i More Short Vowels o,u Vowel-Consonant-e Pattern Theme 2: Celebrating Traditions The United States has a rich cultural heritage. Author s Viewpoint Categorize and Classify Noting Details Topic, Main Idea, Details Taking Notes How to Take Notes Using the Library How to Skim and Scan Conduct an Interview How to Follow a Recipe How to Follow Directions Outlining Compound Words Plurals: Add ; change y to i Contractions with s,n t, re, ll Plurals with Words Ending in ch, sh, x, s Long Vowels ai, ay, ee, ea Long o Sound Three-Letter Clusters and Unexpected Consonant Patterns Long i Sounds i, ie, igh More Long Vowel Spellings Long o Sound Three-Letter Clusters and Unexpected Consonant Patterns The Long i Sound Theme 3: Incredible Stories Some stories are too wild to be believed! Fantasy and Realism Following Directions Drawing Conclusions Story Structure Using an Atlas Using Charts, Tables, and Graphs How to Read a Diagram Using Newspapers to Find Using the Encyclopedia Plurals of Nouns Ending in -f or -fe Word Endings -er, -est Suffixes -y, -ly Prefixes un-, dis-, non- Vowel Sounds in clown and lawn Vowel + r Sounds The j, k, and kw Sounds Homophones Vowel Sounds in clown and lawn Vowel + r Sounds The j, k, and kw Sounds Homophones 18

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Trickster Tales and Biography. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Dictionary: ABC Order Vocabulary: Multiple-Meaning Words Parts of a Dictionary Sea Creatures Battle Words Camping Words Personal Narrative Writing a Good Beginning Keeping to the Topic Sentence Combining What Is a Sentence? Kinds of Sentences Subjects and Predicates Using Commas in Dates and Places Capitalizing Days and Months Friendly Letter Response Journal Entry Paragraph That Explains Transforming s into Statements Have a Literature Discussion Introduce Yourself and Others Tell a Story Art Vocabulary: Word Families Dictionary: Guide Words Vocabulary: Rhyming Words Dictionary: Definitions Sewing Words Ranching Words Travel Words Food Words Instructions Sequencing Being Complete Using Exact Nouns Common Nouns Proper Nouns Singular and Plural Nouns Special Plural Nouns Correcting Run-on Sentences Writing Complete Sentences Paragraphs That Compare and Contrast Character Sketch An Answer to a News Article Compound Sentences with and and but Audience Follow and Give Oral Directions Take a Telephone Message View Illustrations for Purpose Explain a Process Art Vocabulary: Using Context Dictionary: Choosing the Correct Meaning Dictionary: Pronunciation Key Vocabulary: Using a Thesaurus Words for Fantasy and Realism Italian Words and Phrases Farm Words Garden Words Story Developing a Plot Developing Characters and Setting Using Possessive Nouns Possessive Nouns What Is a Verb? Present Time Past Time and Future Time Using Commas for Direct Address Using Commas with Introductory Phrases Capitalization and Punctuation with Quotation Marks Journal Entry Thank-You Note Opinion Paragraph Dialogue View an Illustration Present a Reader s Theater Performance Have a Conversation Hold a Debate Indicates Tested Skills 19

Skills Overview Grade 3 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Theme 4: Animal Habitats Animals coexist with people in a variety of habitats. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Fact and Opinion Compare and Contrast Making Judgments Multimedia Resources How to Use SQRR Skim and Scan Adjusting Rate of Reading Syllabication and Review Word Endings -ed, -ing and Changing Final y to i Prefixes un-, re-; Suffixes -ful, -ly, -er Vowel plus r Sounds in hair Consonant Clusters Digraphs ch, sh, th, tch, wh, wr Vowel plus r Sounds in hair Added Endings Prefixes and Suffixes Theme 5: Voyagers No matter where they travel, voyagers have a lot in common. Making Inferences Predicting Outcomes Text Organization Using a Time Line How to Read a Diagram Multimedia Report Using Graphic Organizers Suffixes -less, -ness Possessives VCCV Pattern Vowel Sounds in tooth and cook Vowel Sound in bought Double Consonants Vowel Sounds in tooth and cook Vowel Sound in bought VCCV Pattern Theme 6: Smart Solutions Sometimes it helps to look at a problem in a new way. Problem Solving Drawing Conclusions Making Generalizations Following Directions Bilingual Dictionary Real-Life Reading VCCCV Pattern VCV Pattern Contractions Words Ending with -er or -le Words Beginning with a or be Soft c and Soft g Words Ending with -er or -le Words Beginning with a or be Contractions 20

Focus on Genre For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Trickster Tales and Biography. Pacing Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Multi-age Classroom Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Dictionary: Parts of Speech Dictionary: More Multiple- Meaning Words Dictionary: Base Words and Inflected Forms Words for Animal Homes Words for Young Animals Sounds Around Us Research Report Locating and Evaluating Topic Sentences and Supporting Facts Subject-Verb Agreement The Verb be Helping Verbs Irregular Verbs Varying Sentence Types Taking Notes Writing a Poem Problem-Solution Essay Choosing What s Important Using Exact Verbs Have a Literature Discussion View and Media Listen to and Make Announcements Music Health Dictionary: Syllables Vocabulary: Analogies Dictionary: Homophones Words for Ship Parts Family Words Words Used on Ships Description Ordering Using Sensory Language Writing Complete Sentences Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Writing Dates and Times Writing a Play Message Learning Log Entry Using Exclamations Writing Complete Present an Oral Book Report Develop Nonverbal Communication Skills Practice Group Problem-Solving Dictionary: Synonyms Dictionary: Antonyms Dictionary: Spelling Table Names of Languages Night Noises Restaurant Words Persuasive Essay Stating Goals and Giving Reasons Using Facts and Examples Correcting Run-on Sentences Adjectives Comparing with Adjectives Adverbs Announcement Summary Essay Ordering Important Paraphrasing Telling More with Adverbs Resolve a Conflict Give a Persuasive Speech Dramatize a Story 9 Indicates Tested Skills 21

Skills Overview Grade 4 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start the year off with the story The Pumpkin Runner to introduce the reading strategies. Theme 1: Journeys Travelers who learn about the world and about themselves Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Story Structure Author s Viewpoint Text Organization Noting Details Taking Notes Parts of a Book Using a K-W-L Chart How to Read a Map Adjusting Reading Rate How to Outline Base Words and Endings -er and -est Suffixes -ly and -y Syllabication Word Roots tele and rupt Short Vowels a and e, Long Vowels a and e Short Vowels i and o, Long Vowels i and o Short and Long Vowel u Homophones The a, a, e, and e Sounds The i, i, o, and o Sounds The u, yoo, oo Sounds Homophones Theme 2: American Stories The diversity, achievement, and spirit of the United States Sequence of Events Making Inferences Making Generalizations Categorize and Classify Time Lines and Schedules Using the Library Using Electronic Resources Evaluating Sources Contractions Word Roots sign and spect Suffixes -er, -or, and -ist Possessives Spelling ou and ô Spelling oo and oo The îr, är, and âr Sounds The ôr, ûr, and yoor Sounds The ou and ô Sounds The oo and oo The îr, är, and âr Sounds The ôr, ûr, and yoor Sounds Theme 3: That s Amazing! Fantastic tales ranging from the mysterious to the hilarious Noting Details Compare and Contrast Fantasy and Realism Real-Life Reading Story Chart How to Read a Time Line Recording on a Venn Diagram How to Read a Diagram Compound Words Words with the Suffix -able Words Ending with -ed or -ing Words that Begin with a- or be- Final @r, l, and @l sounds Consonant Digraphs Compound Words Final @r and Final l or @l Words Ending with -ed or -ing 22

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Mysteries, Plays, Poetry and Pourquoi Tales. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Vocabulary: Multiple- Meaning Words Dictionary: Alphabetical Order Using a Thesaurus Dictionary: Guide Words Cold-Weather Words Travel Words Nautical Terms Railroad Words Personal Narrative Writing a Good Beginning Keeping to the Focus Varying Sentences Kinds of Sentences Subjects and Predicates Compound Sentences Common Nouns Writing Complete Sentences Using Commas in Dates and Places News Article Response Journal Entry An Answer to a Friendly Letter Adding Details Giving Examples Have a Literature Discussion Introduce Yourself and Others Follow and Give Oral Directions Tell a Story Art Antonyms Dictionary: Entry Words and Their Meanings Using Context Dictionary: Multiple- Meaning Words Library Terms: Types of Library Books Farm Words Types of Hats Citizenship Words Description Ordering Using Sensory Language Sentence Combining Proper Nouns Singular and Plural Nouns More Plural Nouns Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns Correcting Run-on Sentences An Essay Character Sketch A Business Letter Journal Writing Main Idea and Details in an Essay Keeping to the Point Voice in a Journal Present a Reader s Theater Performance Develop Telephone Skills Present an Oral Report Describe Public Sculpture Synonyms Dictionary: Spelling Table/Pronunciation Key Dictionary: Dividing Words into Syllables Scientific Terms: Weather Words Types of Clothing Scientific Terms: Climate Words Story Developing Plot, Character, and Setting Writing Dialogue Using Possessives Action Verbs Main Verbs and Helping Verbs Present, Past, and Future Tenses Paraphrasing An Explanation Writing an Announcement Writing a Summary Audience Ordering Important Hold a Conversation Compare and Contrast Texts Listen to and Make an Announcement Art Indicates Tested Skills 23

Skills Overview Grade 4 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Theme 4: Problem Solvers Young people showing initiative, courage, and cooperation Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Predicting Outcomes Problem Solving Drawing Conclusions Story Structure Following Directions Encyclopedia How to Skim and Scan Graphic Organizer How to Take Notes How to Follow Directions Skim and Scan Words with the Suffix -ible Prefixes re-, mis-, and ex- Prefixes pre-, con-, and com- VCCV Pattern Spelling k, ng, and kw Final e Final j and s Consonant Clusters The k, ng, and kw Sounds Final e Final j and s VCCV Pattern Theme 5: Heroes Making a difference with courage, dignity, and perseverance Cause and Effect Making Judgments Fact and Opinion Collecting Data (Tables and Charts) How to Take Notes Newspapers/Magazines How to Follow a Recipe Conduct an Interview How to Read a Chart Prefixes and Suffixes Changing Final y to i VCV Pattern Vowel Diphthongs Two Sounds of g Two Sounds of c Words with a Prefix of a Suffix Changing Final y to i VCV Pattern Theme 6: Nature: Friend and Foe People reacting to Nature s bounty and brutality Following Directions Topic, Main Idea, Details Making Inferences Outlining How to Use SQRRR Adjust Your Rate of Reading Synthesizing How to Skim and Scan Multimedia Report Three-Syllable Words Suffixes -less, -ness, and -ion Word Roots graph and tract r-controlled Vowels Unusual Spellings Silent Consonants Three-Syllable Words Unusual Spellings Silent Consonants 24

Focus on Genre For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Mysteries, Plays, Poetry and Pourquoi Tales. Pacing Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Multi-age Classroom Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Dictionary: Base Words and Inflected Forms (-s, -es. -ed, -ing, -er, -est) Word Families Dictionary: Suffixes (-ful, -less, -ly) Connotation (negative or positive) Singing Alone or in a Group Wood Words Regal Words Musical Terms: Types of Music Persuasive Essay Stating Goals and Giving Reasons Using Supporting Facts and Examples Subject-Verb Agreement The Irregular Verb Be Other Irregular Verbs Adjectives Comparing with Adjectives Correction Sentence Fragments An Opinion Taking Notes A Comparison/Contrast Composition A Message Using Commas for Introductory Phrases Choosing What s Important Writing Complete Have a Literature Discussion Dramatize a Story Practice Group Problem-Solving How to Look at Fine Art Give a Persuasive Speech Dictionary: Prefixes re-, un-, dis- Homophones Dictionary: Word Histories Holiday Words Musical Instruments Sports Terminology Personal Essay Main Idea and Details Introductions and Conclusions Pronoun Reference Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Singular and Plural Possessive Pronouns Sentence Combining with Pronouns Combining Sentences with Possessive Pronouns and Appositives Writing an Paragraph Writing a Problem/Solution Paragraph Writing a Magazine Article Using Facts View and Sources Listen for Different Purposes Present an Oral Book Report Dictionary: More Multiple-Meaning Words Analogies Dictionary: Parts of Speech Sea Animals Fire Terms Prairie Words Research Report Finding and Evaluating Topic Sentences and Supporting Facts Using Adverbs Correctly Adverbs Comparing with Adverbs Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Elaborating with Adverbs Combining Sentences with Prepositional and Participial Phrases A How-to Paragraph A Learning Log Entry A Speech Using Order Words and Phrases Explain a Process Hold a Debate Compare and Contrast Media Indicates Tested Skills 25

Skills Overview Grade 5 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start the year off with the story The Pumpkin Box to introduce the reading strategies. Theme 1: Nature s Fury Nature is powerful, and people must cope with its challenges. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Sequence of Events Text Organization Categorize and Classify Using Print and Electronic Reference Sources Using Graphic Aids: Maps, Globes, Charts, Tables, and Graphs Using Print and Electronic Card Catalogs Base Words Syllabication Word Roots struct and rupt Short Vowels Long Vowel Sounds /a/, /e/, / / Long Vowel Sounds /o/, /oo/, and /yoo/ Short Vowels The /a/, /e/, and / / Sounds The /o/, /oo/ and /yoo/ Sounds Theme 2: Give It All You ve Got! Giving your best requires both determination and risk. Fact and Opinion Story Structure Predicting Outcomes Topic/Main Idea and Supporting Details Selecting the Appropriate Reference Source How to Read a Map Using the Internet/ How to Read a Timeline How to Skim and Scan Use Parts of a Book and an index Summarizing Text Graphically: Schedule, Time Line, Venn Diagram Compound Words Roots spec/t and opt Suffixes -ward and -ous Suffixes -ive, and -ic Silent Consonants /ou/, /ô/, /oi/ The /ôr/, /âr/, and /är/ Sounds The /ûr/ and /îr/ Sounds Compound Words The /ou/, /ô/ and /oi/ Sounds The /ôr/, /âr/ and /är/ Sounds The /ûr/ and /îr/ Sounds Theme 3: Voices of the Revolution The spirit of the American Revolution lives on. Author s Viewpoint Cause and Effect Following Directions Comparing in Different Forms Using Multiple Sources to Locate Locate How to Read Primary Sources Adjusting Reading Pate/ Method of Reading Possessives and Contractions Syllabication -VCCV and VCV Patterns Prefixes sub- and sur- Final /@r/ Final Digraphs Final /l/ and /@l/ Final/@r/ VCCV and VCV Patterns Final /l/ or /@l/ 26

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Autobiographies, Plays, Poetry, and Tall Tales. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Using a Thesaurus Dictionary: Alphabetical Order and Guide Words Dictionary Definitions Scientific Terms: Geology Words Words from Many Languages: Weather Words Words from Mythology Description Using Sensory Language Organizing Details Writing Complete Sentences Kinds of Sentences Subjects and Predicates Conjunctions Compound Sentences Singular and Plural Nouns More Plural Nouns Capitalizing and Punctuating Sentences Correcting Sentence Fragments A News Article Adding Details A Response to a Prompt A Paragraph of Holding a Panel Discussion Having Literature Discussion Having Effective Conversations Health Word Families Dictionary: Multiple- Meaning Words Vocabulary: Homophones Dictionary: Syllables Movement Words Scientific Terms: Sound Words Words: Geological Features and Terms Word Study: Acronyms Personal Essay Writing Introductions and Conclusions Keeping to the Focus Using Possessive Nouns Common and Proper Nouns Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns Action Verbs Direct Objects Main Verbs and Helping Verbs Linking Verbs Verb Tenses More About Verb Tenses Paraphrasing Combining Sentences with Helping Verbs An Announcement Ordering Important A Summary A Clarification Composition A Business Letter Using the Right Tone Dramatizing a Scene Listening to and Making an Announcement Telling a Story Viewing and Evaluating Media Art Synonyms Dictionary: Spelling Table/Pronunciation Key Dictionary: Antonyms Occupation Words Similes Nautical Words Story Developing a Plot, Characters, and Setting Writing Dialogue Using Exact Verbs Subject-Verb Agreement Regular and Irregular Verbs Verb Phrases with have teach, learn; let, leave; sit, set; can, may Adjectives Proper Adjectives Using Exact Nouns and Verbs Capitalization Names of People and Places A Character Sketch A Friendly Letter Voice A Biography Speaking to Persuade Viewing and Evaluating Fine Art Comparing in Various Media Art 9 Indicates Tested Skills 27

Skills Overview Grade 5 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Theme 4: Person to Person Relationships bring both problems and rewards. Theme 5: One Land, Many Trails The trails to and across the United States have seen many travelers. Theme 6: Animal Encounters People and wild animals interact in a a variety of close encounters. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Problem Solving and Decision Making Noting Details Compare and Contrast Making Inferences Monitor/ Clarify Drawing Conclusions Propaganda Making Judgments Story Structure Predict/ Infer Making Generalizations Topic, Main, Idea and Supporting Details Drawing Conclusions Monitor/ Clarify Note Taking Paraphrasing and Synthesizing How to Outline Evaluating for Accuracy and Bias Interviewing Comparing from More Than One Source Using a Word Processor to Write a Report How to Use the SQP3R Strategy Using Multiple Sources of to Present About a Topic How to Take Notes Creating and Organizing Disk Files Completing Applications and Forms Preparing a Report Using Text, Graphic Aids, and Pictures the Effects of Media in Daily Life How to Categorize Syllabication VCCV Pattern Syllabication VV Pattern Words Ending in -ed or -ing Suffixes -ly, -ness, -ment, -ful, -less Consonant Clusters Less Common Long e Spellings Double Consonants /s/, and /z/ Sounds Prefixes un-, dis-, in-, re; suffix -ion Stressed and Unstressed Syllables Review of Syllabication Changing Final y to i Words with Final / j/, / v/ and / s/ Sounds Word Beginnings a-, be- Final /n/, /@n/, /ch@r/, and /zh@r/ Sounds Initial and Medial Digraph Prefixes com-, con-, en-, ex-, pre-, pro- Three-Syllable Words Suffixes -ent, -ant, -able, -ible /k/ and /kw/ Sounds Consonant Alternations Vowel Alternations VCCCV Pattern VV Pattern Words with -ed or -ing Words with Suffixes Words with a Prefix or a Suffix Unstressed Syllables Final /n/, or /@n/, /ch@r/, /zh@r/ Changing Final y to i More Words with Prefixes Three-Syllable Words Words with -ent, -ant; -able, -ible 28

Focus on Genre For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Autobiographies, Plays, Poetry, and Tall Tales. Pacing Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Multi-age Classroom Themes are correlated to themes in grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Dictionary: Base Words and Inflected Forms Multiple-Meaning Words Dictionary: Prefixes Vocabulary: Connotation Precise Words Shades of Meaning Family Words Transportation Words A Personal Narrative Good Beginnings Writing with Voice Varying Sentence Types Comparing with Adjectives Comparing with good and bad Commas in a Series More Uses for Commas Interjections Quotations Abbreviations Titles Combining Sentences by Using Introductory Phrases A Memo Changing Positions of Adjectives A How-to Paragraph Using Order Words A Journal Entry Expanding Sentences with Adjectives Giving a Speech Explaining a Process Speaking on the Telephone Making and Listening to Introductions Art Health Analogies Dictionary: Suffixes Dictionary: Parts of Speech Dictionary: Word Histories Words from French Words for Types of Cloth Words Related to Horses Spanish Words Research Report Finding and Evaluating Topic Sentences and Supporting Facts Pronoun Reference Subject and Object Pronouns Using I and me Possessive Pronouns Contractions with Pronouns Double Subjects Using we and us with Nouns Adverbs Comparing with Adverbs Combining Sentences with Pronouns A Speech Using Quotations A Problem-Solution Composition An Explanation Organizing A Compare/Contrast Paragraph Using Exact Adverbs How to Look at Fine Art Listening to Take Notes and Listening to Resolve Conflicts Giving an Oral Report Giving a Choral Speaking Presentation Vocabulary Art Using Context Dictionary: Variations in Pronunciation Dictionary: Idioms and Run-on Entries Words Related to the Seasons Place Names and Proper Adjectives Botanical Words Persuasive Essay Stating Reasons and Answering Objections Using Supporting Facts and Details Correcting Run-on Sentences Contractions with not Negatives Prepositions Prepositional Phrases Object Pronouns in Prepositional Phrases Pronouns in Prepositional Phrases with Compound Objects Avoiding Double Negatives Combining Sentences with Prepositional Phrases An Opinion Paragraph A Compare/Contrast Essay An Answer to an Essay Placing Prepositional Phrases Correctly Planning a Multimedia Presentation Giving and Listening to Directions Viewing for and Details Health Indicates Tested Skills 29

Skills Overview Grade 6 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Back to School Start the year off with the story A Mummy Mystery to introduce the reading strategies. Theme 1: Courage People find moral and physical courage from many sources. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Noting Details Making Judgments Sequence of Events Predict Outcomes Using Parts of a Book and an Index Using Graphic Aids: Maps, Globes, Graphs, Tables, Captions, and Charts Using Print and Electronic Card Catalogs How to Read Primary Sources Using Print and Electronic Reference Sources How to Take Notes Suffixes -ful,-less,and -ly Syllabication Prefixes un- and re- Possessives and Contractions Short Vowels Long Vowel The /ou/, /oo/, /ô/, and /oi/ Sounds Short Vowels Long Vowels More Vowel Spelling The /ou/, /oo/, /ô/ and /oi/ Sounds Theme 2: What Really Happened? Investigation of mysterious events reveals interesting theories. Fact and Opinion Making Inferences Text Organization Choosing Reference Sources How to Outline an Article Evaluating the Effects of Media on Daily Life Using the Internet/ How to Categorize "Someone Who" suffixes -er,-or,-ar,-ist,-ian, -an,-ent,-eer Inflected Endings -s,-es Adjectives Suffixes -al,-ive, -ous Vowel + /r/ Sounds Homophones Final /@n/, /@l/, and /@r/ Sounds Vowel + /r/ Sounds Homophones Final /@r/, /@n/, and /@l/ Theme 3: Growing Up Growing up means learning more about yourself. Making Generalization Making Inferences Story Structure Problem Solving and Decision Making Predict/ Infer Monitor/ Clarify Comparing from More Than One Source Paraphrasing and Synthesizing How to Skim and Scan Conducting an Interview Adjusting Reading Rate/ Method of Reading Syllabication VCV, VCCV and VCCCV Patterns Words Ending in -ed or -ing Endings and Suffixes -en, -ize,-ify Prefixes in-, im- and con- Homographs Final /t/, /ed/, and /d/ Sounds /ch/ and /k/ Silent Consonants b, gh, and w VCV, VCCV, and VCCCV Patterns Words with -ed or -ing Endings and Suffixes Prefixes in- and con- 30

Spiral Review Focus on Genre Pacing Multi-age Classroom Spiral Review lessons provide systematic review and practice of key skills. For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Speeches, Plays, Poetry, and Myths. Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Using Context Dictionary: Alphabetical Order and Guide Words Dictionary: Parts of an Entry Word Families Easily Confused Words Alphabetical Order and Guide Words Adverbs Mountain Climbing Terms Motion Words Personal Narrative Sequencing Adding Details Varying Sentences Kinds of Sentences Subjects and Predicates Conjunctions Compound Sentences Complex Sentences Correcting Fragments and Run-on Sentences Common and Proper Nouns Singular and Plural Nouns Using Sequence Words and Phrases Capitalizing and Punctuating Sentences Combining Sentences with Appositives Instructions A Memo A Friendly Letter Voice An Opinion Retelling a Story Speaking on the Telephone Holding a Literature Discussion Giving and Listening to Directions Health Art Vocabulary Dictionary: Syllables Homophones Dictionary: Spelling Table/Pronunciation Key Flight Terms Word from Other Languages: Inuit Words Scientific Terms: Dinosaur Names Story Developing Plot, Characters, and Setting Writing Dialogue Using Exact Nouns Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns More Possessive Nouns Action Verbs and Direct Objects Main Verbs and Auxiliary Verbs Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Being Verbs and Linking Verbs Using Exact Verbs A News Article Adding Details A Journal Entry A Business Letter Using the Right Tone Making and Listening to Announcements Giving a Choral Speaking Presentation Giving an Oral Report Vocabulary Art Using a Thesaurus Dictionary: Base Words and Inflected Forms Dictionary: Part of Speech Clipped Words Descriptive Words More Clipped Words Direction Words Description Using Sensory Language Organizing Details Sentence Combining Verb Tenses More About Verb Tenses Principal Parts of Regular and Irregular Verbs Perfect Tenses More Irregular Verbs Subject-Verb Agreement sit, set; lie, lay; rise, raise lend, borrow; let, leave; teach, learn Correcting Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences Using Exact Nouns and Verbs A Problem-Solution Composition Organization A Response to a Prompt A Character Sketch A Speech Audience Dramatizing a Story Presenting Reader s Theater Making and Listening to Introductions Conflict Resolution Art Health Indicates Tested Skills 31

Skills Overview Grade 6 Grade at a Glance Phonics/Decoding Theme 4: Discovering Ancient Cultures Nonfiction selections tell about life in ancient cultures. Reading Word Work and Decoding Longer Spelling and Study Skills Words Structural Analysis/Phonics Author s Viewpoint: Bias and Assumptions Cause and Effect Topic, Main Idea, and Details How to Adjust Your Rate of Reading Using Multiple Sources to locate How to Read a Time Line Note Taking How to Read a Diagram Comparing in Different Forms Suffixes -ic,-al, and -ure Suffixes -ion and -ation Unstressed Syllables The /zh/ and /sh/ Sounds Different Sounds for the Letters wh The /@/ Sound The /sh/ Sound Adding -ion, or -ation Unstressed Syllables Theme 5: Doers and Dreamers It often takes hard work and determination to fulfill your dreams. Propaganda Problem Solving Compare and Contrast Using Multiple Sources of to Present About a Topic How to Skim and Scan Using a Word Processor to Write a Report Creating and Organizing Disk Files Word Parts ven and graph Plurals Suffixes -ent/ -ence, -ant/-ance,-able/-ible, -ate Final / z/, / v/, / j/, / k/, /ch@r/, /@s/ Sounds Hard and Soft c Sounds /f/, /g/, and /j/ Sounds Final / z/, / v/, / j/, / k/, /ch@r/ and /@s/ Plurals Suffixes: -ant/-ance; -ent/ -ence; -able/ -ible; -ate Theme 6: New Frontiers: Oceans and Space The uncharted frontiers of oceans and space offer new challenges. Cause and Effect Following Directions Categorize and Classify Drawing Conclusion Completing Applications and Forms Text Graphically: Schedule, Time Line, Venn Diagram How to Follow Directions How to Adjust Your Rate of Reading Prepare a Report Using Text, Graphic Aids, and Pictures How to Use SQP3R Strategy Evaluating for Accuracy and Bias Prefixes de-, dis-, ex-, inter-, per-, pre-, pro- Prefixes ad- and ob- Words with ie or ei Word Parts /@ry/ and /sh@r/ Sounds /th/ and /th/ Sounds Vowel Alternations Consonant Alternations Prefixes: de-, dis-, ex-, inter-, per-, pre-, pro- Prefixes: ad- and ob- Words with ie or ei Word Parts 32

Focus on Genre For an in-depth study of a genre, use Focus on Speeches, Plays, Poetry, and Myths. Pacing Each theme is designed to take four to six weeks, depending on your students needs. Multi-age Classroom Themes are correlated to themes in the grades above and below. See your Teacher s Edition. Writing and Language Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Skills Reading-Writing Grammar, Usage, Writing Listening/ Content Area and Expansion Workshop and Mechanics Speaking/Viewing Multiple-Meaning Words Synonym Dictionary: Prefixes and Suffixes Descriptive Words Using a Thesaurus Words for Leaders Research Report Locating and Evaluating Using an Outline Using Adjectives Adjectives Proper Adjectives Comparing with Adjectives Comparing with good or bad Adverbs Comparing with Adverbs Elaborating with Adjectives Combining Sentences with Adjectives An Explanation Eliminating Unnecessary Words A Paragraph of A Comparison and Contrast Paragraph Giving a Speech Viewing for and Details Comparing Forms of Antonyms Dictionary: Multiple- Meaning Words Dictionary: Etymology Athletic Terms Business Terms Color Words Personal Essay Keeping to the Focus Introductions and Conclusions Correcting Sentence Fragments Subject and Object Pronouns Pronouns in Compound Subjects and Objects Possessive and Indefinite Pronouns Using Who, Whom, Whose Avoiding Double Negatives Contractions Writing Clearly with Pronouns A Clarification Composition Being Precise A How-to Paragraph A Summary Paraphrasing Listening to Take Notes and Explaining a Process How to Look at Fine Art Viewing and Evaluating Fine Art Art Analogies Word Families Dictionary: Idioms and Run-on Entries Dictionary: More Than One Spelling or Pronunciation Space Travel Terminology Fields of Study Word Origins Acronyms Persuasive Essay Stating Reasons and Answering Objections Using Supporting Facts and Details Using Adverbs and Adjectives Correctly Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives and Adverbs Interjections Abbreviations Commas in a Series More Uses for Commas Punctuating Dialogue Capitalization in Titles Combining Sentences with Prepositional Phrases Using Commas When Combining Sentences An Announcement Ordering Important A Biography A Compare/Contrast Essay An Answer to an Essay Keeping to the Point Viewing and Evaluating Media Planning a Multimedia Presentation Speaking to Persuade Holding Effective Conversations Vocabulary Art Indicates Tested Skills 33

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