Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse an Integrated Food and Energy System (IFES) for sustainable food and energy production EBF GmbH Kleine Bach 34 64646 Heppenheim Telefon 06252/1285-11 franz.schreier@lasseswachsen.com Page 1
Why? Why do we need improved growing systems? Page 2
We all are sitting in a very comfortable Space Ship so far! Page 3
In Space Ships smoking is strictly forbidden! Smokers: Page 4
Smoking can have bad consequences Air Pollution and CO 2 - Increase: Page 5
First Symptoms are already clearly visible Global Warming: Page 6
Climate change destroys growing space Increasing temperatures: Page 7
Positive feedback loops are further raising the global temperature Methanhydrates are instable: Page 8
positive feedback loops Melting Permafrost: Page 9
And, limited resources are jeopardizing food security! Peak Oil: Page 10
The current decrease of cheap oil production is a very severe danger for food security! Oil production forecast: Page 11
Slowly, also the oil companies are waking up Shell: Page 12
The price of oil is strongly increasing Trend: 2013 2004 100 $/barrel 36 $/barrel Oil price increased by 20% per year! Page 13
The Competition between Food and Energy is forcing this Situation!! Food or Energy? Page 14
The Food Price is increasing according to the Oil Price!! FAO Food Price Index: Page 15
A drastic impact on our world society is expected soon! German Military: Page 16
The food production dramatically depends on oil! Oil dependend food production steps: Cultivation Fertilization No Oil Irrigation Harvest Drying No Food! Processing Storing Packaging Logistics Page 17
The basic needs of the world society are in danger and have to be secured! Maslow Pyramid: In Development Countries Individual Fulfillment Appreciation and Acceptance and even more in High Developed Countries!!! Sozial Needs Security Physical Basic Needs (Water, Food, Health) Page 18
Confirmation about the world s situation Asahi Glass: Page 19
What? What can we do? Page 20
Local and autonomous Integrated Food and Energy Systems (IFES) are providing a way out First good approaches (FAO): Integrated Food and Energy Systems (IFES) are farm models for the production of food and energy at the same time and at the same place. IFES Type 1: Physical coexistence Food and energy plants are cultivated at the same field (example: Pea and False Flax, lat. camelina sativa); IFES Type 2: Closed loop systems By-products and residues are the resources of the following process steps (example: corn, cattle, biogas, digestate back to the fields); Page 21
Interesting Facts! Light Intensity: The sun provides 1,000 W/m² The plants require only 250 to 350 W/m² Too much light inhibits plant growth! Page 22
A new Approach increases now the Efficiency of Food and Energy Production Cooking Recipe for an IFES of Type 3: Create controlled environment conditions by minimizing the heating and cooling loads; Use highly transparent cover material; Use Photovoltaics solar systems to provide shade and to control optimized light conditions for plants; Convert surplus solar irradiation direct into usable energy; Expand photoperiod in northern latitudes (light); Implement Aquaponics to lower the systems heating and cooling loads and to increase its food production; Page 23
The Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse is such an IFES of the new Type 3 Ingredients: Greenhouse Structure Greenhouse Cover (F-Clean) Multi-functional Photovoltaics PAR Light Film Sulphur Plasma Lamp Page 24
A controlled environment requires a space with low thermal loads Chinese Lean-to-Greenhouse: Page 25
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Schematics: Page 26
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Model 1:20: Page 27
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Model 1:20: Page 28
Fluoropolymeres fulfill the highest requirements for greenhouse covers ETFE-Film (F-Clean): Highest Light Transmission UV-transparent UV-stable Mechanically strong Anti adhesive Self cleaning Non-flammable Long lasting Page 29
Multifunctional Photovoltaics First Design: Page 30
Multifunctional Photovoltaics First Design: 1 ETFE 50 µm 2 Thermoplast clear 1 x 500 µm 3 26 PV-Zellen, mono crystalline 4 Thermoplast, 2 x 500 µm 5 Aluminum (1 mm) or Glass (3 mm) Page 31
Multifunctional Photovoltaics First Laminate: Page 32
Multifunctional Photovoltaics Serial Laminate: Page 33
Multifunctional Photovoltaics Finished Product: Page 34
Multifunctional Photovoltaics shading not shading Page 35
The PAR Light Film increases the output of Greenhouses without additional energy demand Sun Light Spectrum: Plants mainly use Blue and Red Light for Photosynthesis, Green Light is less used! How to make the Green Light usable for Photosynthesis? Page 36
At poor Light Conditions PAR Light will be amplified without electricity ETFE PAR Light Curtain: Page 37
and filled with water, it buffers the heating and cooling loads ETFE PAR Light Water Wall: Page 38
The Wavelength Shift works very well Measurements: Page 39
A new light source for better plant growth The sun on earth, www.plasma-i.com: Page 40
The Sulphur Plasma Lamp s light is very similar to the sun light spectrum Comparison: Light Intensity Wavelength Page 41
No other man-made Light Source is more energy efficient Comparison: Page 42
and produces more food! Growing test (1), Netherlands: Jan 6 th 2010 Page 43
Growing test (2), Netherlands: Jan 11 th 2010 Page 44
Growing test (3), Netherlands: Jan 16 th 2010 Page 45
Growing test (4), Netherlands: Jan 21 st 2010 Page 46
Growing test (5), Netherlands: Jan 23 rd 2010 Page 47
Growing test (6), Netherlands: Jan 26 th 2010 Jan 29 th 2010 Page 48
Growing test (7), Netherlands: Feb 1 st 2010 Page 49
Growing test (8), Netherlands: Feb 7 th 2010 Page 50
Cucumbers, grown in only 1 month Growing test (9), Netherlands: Jan 6 th 2010 Feb 7 th 2010 Page 51
64% increased plant growth for seedlings Test results of the University of Wageningen, Netherlands: High Pressure Sodium Fluorescent tubes Sulphur Plasma Lamp Page 52
Lamp Test Page 53
Guided Tour througt the first Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse in Einhausen, Germany Page 54
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Page 55
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Thermal Quilt closed: Page 80
Thermal Quilt open: Page 81
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Commercial design (cross section): Page 82
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Commercial design (floor plan): Page 83
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse First commercial project in Neuenburg am Rhein: Under construction Page 84
Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse Page 85
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Rooftop Aquaponic Solar Greenhouse in New York Marketing project: Planned for 2014 Page 89
more to read about the worlds situation Web-Links: www.af-info.or.jp/en/publication/doc/survival%202.pdf www.wbgu.de www.peak-oil.com/2011/02/bundeswehr-studie-zu-peak-oil-offiziell-freigegeben/ Page 90
Thanks for your time and interest! Maybe the first Tomato with a negative CO 2 -Footprint (August 9 th, 2011) Page 91