Dutch wind energy strength Chris Westra (senior consultant ECN) (general manager We@Sea) www.we-at-sea.org www.ecn.nl www.haveneilandopzee.nl
2010 The start in 1972 here we are now: 2010
Drivers for offshore wind
Drivers for offshore wind CO 2 Emission electricity production : CO 2 gram / kwh Brown coal 1000 1500 Coal 900 1000 Natural Gas 350-500 PV (solar) 50-100 Nuclear 60 65 Wind Power 10-20 Hydro 8-30 (Range due to different studies)
Technological development A380 Airbus 12 m Ø 126 m Ø 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05.05. 3. 5 1.3 1.6 2 4.5 5 MW Turbines van 10 (180 m) en 20 MW (250m) in ontwikkeling
126 meter is large! Source: van Kuik
OWEZ (Egmond aan zee) 108 MW, 2006 (M 260) Princes Amalia 120 MW, 2007 (M 380) Egmond aan Zee 36 x Vestas 3MW V90 108 MW 10 18 km from the coast 18 m water depth Monopiles 30 m into seabed
Egmond aan zee 36 x 3 MW = 108 MW
Egmond aan zee 36 x 3 MW = 108 MW
Princes Amalia 60 x 2 W = 120 MW 60 x Vestas 2MW V80 108 MW 23 km from the coast 19 24 m water depth
Thanet the newest largest offshore wind farm Great Britain Round 2 (sept. 2010) 100 turbines (Vestas V90) 3 MW 300 MW 3 Million Euro / MW
Onshore wind turbines modified for sea circumstances
Offshore wind energy & Spatial planning In the Netherlands Next Dutch windfarm (BARD)
Next Dutch wind farms: Bard wind turbines Dedicated 5 MW offshore wind turbines (more then 30% Dutch content)
Alpha Ventus Germany
C-Power Belgium 5 MW Repower turbines
National targets 2030 DK: > 4 GW D: 25 GW UK: > 33 GW NL: > 6 GW B: >4 GW
Potential of the North Sea European offshore wind energy community
Generation costs kwh costs in Eurocents 2005 2020 Nuclear 3 8 3-8 Coal 3 6? Natural gas 4-6? Wind onshore 4 8 3-6 Wind offshore 5 11 4-8 PV-solar 50 20 EWEA 2010, Riso DTU, U.K. White papers and BWEA
Trends (Cost reduction) New dedicated offshore wind turbines direct drive, light, plain, 2-bladed? Eco design technology thermo plastics blades & eco support structures Novel installation technologies Large offshore wind power stations Electricity hubs (European Grid) New ports Financial instruments New O&M strategies
New foundations for deeper water depths
New foundations
Hywind StatoilHydro (N) Technology Photo Jos Beurskens Photo Jos Beurskens
Operation and maintenance: access technology
New transport & installation technologies one lift installation Ballast Nedam IHC Merwede
New design & rotor materials (thermoplasts!) Wind field Photo: Jos Beurskens Control of large rotor blades
Floating hotel during construction of Horn s Rev
Maintenance vessel
Floating Harbour
Reinout Prins Artificial Island for construction and maintenance of offshore wind farms
Primary functions of the offshore harbour: 1. harbour for construction and O&M of wind farms 2. site for offshore transformer station (electrical hub offshore grid) 3. hotel for personnel 4. test site offshore wind turbines 5. warehouse for spare parts 6. International logistic hub for offshore wind farms (NL, U.K. & DE)
A closer look at port sites DK: > 4 GW : > 33 GW NL: > 6 GW D: 25 GW
Artificial islands fit well in the development of an European offshore grid
Islands as part of an offshore network (electrical infrastructure) North Clay-land North-East Friesland IJmuiden op zee
A substation on a jacket and on an island the advantage of a substation on an island
Dutch offshore wind strength (1): Contribution to wind turbine design (Ecodesign!!) (New) foundations (support structures) (SIF, Grontmij CarlBro,TU-Delft, Ballast Nedam) O&M strategies (soft ware) Access technology (Windcat, OAS, Ampelmann) Ship design
Dutch offshore wind strength(2) : Installation works (offshore industry) Project development, financing & insurance Ecology research (IMARES) geotechnical surveys (Fugro)
Thank you! www.we-at-sea.org