Greater Nanticoke Area School District Science/Technology Standards 5 th Grade Standard 3.1 Unifying Themes CS 3.1.7A Explain the parts of a simple system and their relationship to each other 1. Describe a system as a group of related parts that work together to achieve a desired result (e.g. digestive system). a. Identify related parts of an organ system and/or an ecosystem b. Identify related parts of simple machines and/or electrical systems 2. Explain the importance of order in a system. a. Sequential order in a system makes it work b. Homeostasis, balance, stability keeps the system in order 3. Distinguish between system inputs, system processes, and system outputs. a. Define system input b. Define a system process c. Define a system output 4. Distinguish between open loop and closed loop systems. a. Identify an open loop system (infra-red system; cell phone; satellite system) b. Identify a closed loop system (water system; cable TV; regular phone) 5. Apply systems analysis (problem solving; checking components) to solve problems. a. Analyze the failure of an electrical system, mechanical system, biological system, ecological system b. Synthesize the information gained to make corrections CS 3.1.7B. Describe the use of models as an application of the scientific or technological concepts 1. Identify and describe different types of models and their functions. 2. Apply models to predict specific results and observations (e.g., population growth, effects of infectious organisms). 3. Explain systems by outlining a system s relevant parts and its purpose and / or designing a model that illustrates its function. a. Identify the relevant parts of a certain system b. Construct or draw an example CS 3.1.7C. Identify patterns as repeated processes or recurring elements in science and technology 1. Identify different forms of patterns and use then to group and classify specific objects. 2. Identify repeating structure patterns. 3. Identify and describe patterns that occur in physical systems (e.g., construction, manufacturing, transportation), informational systems and biochemical-related systems. CS 3.1.7D. Explain scale as a way of relating concepts and ideas to one another by some measure LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 1
1. Apply various applications of size and dimensions of scale to scientific, mathematical, and technological applications. 2. Describe scale as a form of ratio and apply to a life situation. CS 3.1.7E. Identify change as a variable in describing natural and physical systems 1. Describe fundamental science and technology concepts that could solve practical problems. 2. Explain how ratio is used to describe change. 3. Describe the effect of making a change in one part of a system on the system as a whole. Standard 3.2 Inquiry and Design CS 3.2.7A. Explain and apply scientific and technological knowledge 1. Distinguish between a scientific and a belief. 2. Answer What if questions based on observation, inference, or prior knowledge or experience. 3. Explain how skepticism about an accepted scientific explanation led to a new understanding. *(e.g., Historical challenges to Darwin, Mendel, Copernicus) a. Understand and apply relevance of theories on real-life situations and technologies. 4. Explain how new information may change existing theories and practice. CS 3.2.7B. Apply process knowledge to make and interpret observations 1. Measure materials using a variety of scales. a. Measure materials in different states. (Gas, liquid, solid) 2. Describe relationships by making inferences and predictions. a. Utilize prior knowledge to formulate hypothesis. 3. Communicate, use space/time relationships, define operationally, raise questions, formulate hypotheses, test and experiment. a. Author pertinent written reports. 4. Design controlled experiments, recognize variables, manipulate variables. 5. Interpret data, formulate models, design models, and produce solutions. a. Research and apply existing models. b. Use and create models to brainstorm solutions to a problem. CS 3.2.7C. Identify and use the elements of scientific inquiry to solve problems 1. Generate questions about objects, organisms and / or events that can be answered through scientific investigations. a. Participate 2. Evaluate the appropriateness of questions 3. Design an investigation with limited variables to investigate a question. 4. Conduct a two-part experiment. 5. Judge the significance of experimental information in answering the question. 6. Communicate appropriate conclusions from the experiment. a. List and revise research questions. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 2
CS 3.2.7D. Know and use the technological design process to solve problems 1. Define different types of problems. 2. Define all aspects of the problem, necessary information and questions that may be answered. a. Identify/analyze key components of the problem. b. List needed information. c. Consider relevant background information. 3. Propose the best solution. a. Discuss multiple solutions. b. Evaluate and select the most effective solution. 4. Design and propose alternative methods to achieve solutions. a. Create a procedure and gather materials. b. Select a solution. 5. Apply a solution. a. Utilize appropriate methods to achieve the chosen solutions. 6. Explain the results, present improvements, identify and infer the impacts of the solution. a. Observe and record outcomes. b. Clarify outcomes, report orally or written. c. Determine a cause effect relationship and outcome. d. Effectively communicate a proposal. Standard 3.3 Biological Sciences CS 3.3.7A. Describe the similarities and differences that characterize diverse living things Differentiate among the five kingdoms (Moneran, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia) 1. Describe how the structures of living things help them function in unique ways. a. Identify basic animal structures. b. Identify basic plant structures. c. Describe the functions of basic animal structures. d. Describe the functions of basic plant structures. Standard 3.4 Physical Science, Chemistry, and Physics CS 3.4.7A Describe concepts about the structure and properties of matter 1. Identify elements as basic building blocks of matter that cannot be broken down chemically 2. Distinguish compounds from mixtures. 3. Describe and conduct experiments that identify chemical and physical properties. 4. Describe the reactants and products of simple chemical reactions. CS 3.4.7B Relate energy sources and transfers to heat and temperature 3. Explain the conversion of one form of energy to another by applying knowledge of each form of energy. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 3
4. Explain the parts and functions in an electrical circuit. CS 3.4.7D Describe essential ideas about the composition and structure of the universe and the Earth s place in it 1. Compare various planet s characteristics. a. Know the various composition, surfaces, atmospheres, and temperature of the planets. 2. Describe basic star types and identify the sun as a star type. a. Know the characteristic of star types (Red Giant, White Dwarf) b. Know the characteristics of the sun. 3. Describe and differentiate comets, asteroids, and meteors. a. Know the characteristics of comets, asteroids, and meteors. 4. Identify gravity as the force that keeps planets in orbit around the sun and governs the rest of the movement of the solar system and the universe. a. Understand the concept of gravity 5. Illustrate how the position of stars and constellations change in relation to the Earth during an evening and from month to month. a. Describe the Earth s rotation and revolution b. Know the difference between relative and actual motion 6. Identify equipment and instruments that explore the universe (telescopes, satellites, and spectrometer). 7. Identify the accomplishments and contributions provided by selected past and present scientists in the field of astronomy. 8. Identify and articulate space program efforts to investigate possibilities of living in space and on other planets. a. Know the goal of various NASA programs and missions (Mercury, Apollo, and Voyager). Standard 3.5 Earth Sciences CS 3.5.7A. Describe Earth features and processes 1. Describe major layers of the Earth 2. Describe the processes involved in the creation of geological features (e.g. folding, faulting, volcanism, sedimentation) and that these processes seen today (e.g. erosion, weathering, crustal plate movement) are similar to those in the past. a. Understand that folding is when rocks bend without breaking. b. Understand that faults occur when rocks break and move along the crack. c. Understand that volcanism is when material from deep within the earth erupts to the surface. d. Understand that sedimentation is the result of erosion and forms layers to build up the surface. 3. Describe the processes that formed Pennsylvania geological structures and resources including mountains, glacial formations, water gaps and ridges. a. Locate areas in Pennsylvania that had been formed by folded mountains, glaciers, and water erosion. 4. Explain how the rock cycle affected rock formations in the state of Pennsylvania. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 4
a. Know that the rock cycle is the way that rocks change from one type to another. (metamorphic, sedimentary, and igneous) b. Know the types of rocks common to Pennsylvania. (shale, sandstone, coal, limestone) 5. Distinguish between examples of rapid surface changes (e.g. landslides, earthquakes) and slow surface changes (e.g. weathering ) a. Know the characteristics of a rapid surface changes versus a slow surface change. 6. Identify living plants and animals that are similar to fossil forms. CS3.5.7B. Recognize earth resources and how they affect everyday life 1. Identify and locate significant Earth resources ( e.g. rock types, oil, gas, coal deposits) in Pennsylvania. 2. Explain the processes involved in the formation of oil and coal in Pennsylvania. a. Know that the conditions that are necessary to form coal and oil existed in Pennsylvania in the past. 3. Explain the value and uses of different earth resources (e.g. selected minerals, ores, fuel sources, agricultural uses). a. Understand how the value of a resource is determined. (extraction, refining) 4. Compare the locations of human settlements as related to available resources. a. Understand why humans need settle near certain resources. (water, soil) CS3.5.7.C. Describe basic elements of meteorology 1. Explain weather forecasts by interpreting weather data and symbols. a. Know the conditions (humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover) that the weather symbols represent. 2. Explain the oceans impact on local weather and the climate of a region. a. Know the ocean is a source of moisture for storms. b. Know that differences in heating between the ocean and the land cause winds. c. Know that oceans moderate air temperatures of nearby communities. 3. Identify how cloud types, wind directions and barometric pressure changes are associated with weather patterns in different regions of the country. a. Know under what conditions different cloud types form. b. Know that the wind direction and pressure will affect the direction of the weather pattern. 4. Explain and illustrate the processes of cloud formation and precipitation. a. Understand the concepts of evaporation and condensation as part of the water cycle. b. Relate conditions of the air (temperature, amount of moisture) to the type of precipitation. 5. Describe and illustrate the major layers of the earth s atmosphere (troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, exosphere). 6. Identify different air masses and global wind patterns and how they relate to the weather patterns in different regions of the U.S. a. Know the characteristics of the various air masses (warm, cold, dry, wet). b. Know that wind patterns affect the direction of air masses and weather. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 5
Standard 3.6 Technology Education CS3.6.7A. Explain biotechnologies that relate to related technologies of propagating, growing, maintaining, adapting, treating, and converting 4. Define and describe how fuels and energy can be generated through the process of biomass conversion. a. Define biomass and biomass conversion. b. List and describe examples of biomass 5. Identify and group basic plant and animal production processes Ecology Standards Standard 4.3 Environmental Health CS4.3.7A. Identify environmental health issues 1. Identify various examples of long-term pollution and explain their effects on environmental health. a. Understand various types of pollution (land, air, water) b. Define long-term pollution 2. Identify diseases that have been associated with poor environmental quality a. Plant and animal diseases 3. Describe different types of pest controls and their effects on the environment. a. Natural and chemical controls (fungi and diazanon) 4. Identify alternative products that can be used in life to reduce pollution. a. Define and list renewable resources. CS4.3.7B. Describe how human actions affect the health of the environment. 1. Identify land use practices and their relation to environmental health. 2. Explain how natural disasters affect environmental health. 3. Identify residential and industrial sources of pollution and their effects on environmental health. a. Identify and discuss pesticides, nuclear wastes, thermal water pollution etc. 4. Explain the difference between point and nonpoint source pollution. a. Describe the processes involved in measuring point source pollution. 5. Explain how nonpoint source pollution can affect the water supply and air quality. a. Point pollution (effluent wastes, etc) c. Nonpoint pollution (automotive exhaust, etc) 6. Explain how acid deposition can affect water, soil and air quality. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 6
d. Define acid deposition. e. Discuss mine outflows, acid rain, battery disposal 7. Explain the relationship between resource use, reuse, recycling and environmental health. a. Glass, paper, plastic, metals Standard 4.4 Agriculture and Society CS4.4.7B. Investigate how agricultural science has recognized the various soil types found in Pennsylvania. 1. Investigate the make up and break down of sedimentary rocks. 2. Investigate how soil types have influenced the plant types used on Pennsylvania farms. a. Identify native soil and plant types. 3. Analyze how soil types and geographic regions have impacted the profitability of Pennsylvania farms. a. Identify cash crops of Pennsylvania. ` b. Identify geographic regions of the state. CS4.4.7D. Explain the improvement of agricultural production through technology 1. Compare the technologies that have advanced agricultural production a. Explain biological technologies. Standard 4.8 Humans and The Environment CS4.8.7A. Describe how the development of civilization relates to the environment. 1. Explain how people use natural resources in their environment a. Population expansion 2. Locate and identify natural resources in different parts of the world. 3. Construct map showing the location of resources around the world. CS4.8.7B. Explain how people use natural resources. 1. Describer how natural resources are used for survival. a. Shelter b. Food c. Water d. Manufacturing 2. Explain how natural resources and technological changes have affected the development of civilizations. 3. Explain how climate and extreme weather events (e.g., drought, flood) influence people s lives. LCEC Grade 5 Science Standards 7