WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas September 214

WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data WHO global health expenditure atlas. 1.Health expenditures statistics and numerical data. 2.Health systems plans. 3.Universal coverage. 4.National health programs. 5.Atlases. I.World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 15444 7 (NLM classification: W 74) World Health Organization 214 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 2 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: bookorders@who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO web site (http://www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. Printed in Switzerland

WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Contents Foreword 1 Factsheet 2 Policy highlights 3 Health expenditures and universal coverage 7 Country profile by region 21 WHO African Region 11 WHO Region of the Americas 58 WHO South-East Asia Region 94 WHO European Region 16 WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region 16 WHO Western Pacific Region 182 World Health Statistics 212 tables 21 Technical documentation 221

Foreword Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 1

Factsheet Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Health financing March 214 Key facts 1 1 million people are pushed into poverty every year because they have to pay directly for their health care. WHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds for health. In 211, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health. Typically between 2 4 of health spending is wasted. A minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this in 211 2 -------- Health financing is concerned with how financial resources are generated, allocated and used in health systems. Millions of people suffer and die because they do not have the money to pay for health care. s suffer because they do pay: every year, 1 million people are pushed into poverty because they have had to pay directly for their health care. WHO Member States have set themselves the target of developing their health financing systems to ensure and sustain universal health coverage. Universal coverage means that all people can use health services, while being protected against financial hardship associated with paying for them. Issues in health financing include: raising sufficient funds for health protecting people from the financial consequences of ill health making optimum use of resources ensuring that health coverage is equitable. Raising funds for health 3 Raising sufficient funds for health can be achieved in several ways. 1. Making health a higher priority in government budgets If 49 of the world s poorest countries allocated 15% of their government spending to health, this would represent an additional US$ 15 billion per year for health. 2. Making revenue collection more efficient In Indonesia for example, clear and consistent regulations and a policy of zerotolerance for corruption increased tax yield from 9.9% to 11% over four years; health spending benefited more than other sectors. 1 All the figures in the factsheet refer to 211. 2 Democratic People s Republic of Korea, Somalia and Zimbabwe are excluded because of weak or no data. 3 This section is written from http://www.who.int/whr/21/media_centre/keymessages.pdf and http://www. who.int/features/factfiles/health_financing/en/index.html 2 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

3. Diversifying sources of revenue Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation A 5 increase in tobacco tax would yield an additional US$ 1.42 billion in 22 low-income countries, for example. A currency transaction levy is also feasible in many countries India, for example, could raise $US 37 million per year by implementing a.5% levy on foreign exchange transactions. 4. Increasing external support If all donor countries were to immediately honor their overseas development assistance pledges, more than three million lives would be saved by 215. Protecting people from the financial consequences of ill health WHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds. In this way, people make compulsory contributions through taxation and/or insurance contributions to a pool of funds. They can then draw on these funds in case of illness, regardless of how much they have contributed. This approach helps to ensure access to health services and spread the financial risks across the population. Spending on health Factsheet Globally, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health in 211. There is wide variation between countries in the total spending on health per person per year, ranging from US$ 998 in Norway to US$ 12 in Eritrea (see Table). WHO estimates that a minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this (see Table). WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 3

Factsheet Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Table: Health expenditure data 4 (211) 5 6 Total expenditure for health for 211: US$ 6.9 trillion Average Total expenditure for health per person per year: US$ 18 Country with highest total spending on health per person: Norway (US$ 998) Country with lowest total spending per person on health: Eritrea (US$ 12) Country with highest government spending per person on: Norway (US$ 8436) Country with lowest government spending per person on: Myanmar (US$ 3) Country with highest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Switzerland (US$ 2384) Country with lowest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Mozambique (US$ 1.64) Average amount spent per person on health in countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): US$ 4584 Percentage of the world s population living in OECD countries: 1 Percentage of the world s total health expenditure on health currently spent in OECD countries: 82% WHO estimate of minimum spending per person per year needed to provide basic, life-saving services 1 : US$ 44 Number of WHO Member States where health spending including spending by government, and the private sector and funds provided by external donors is lower than US$ 44 per person per year: 26 Number of WHO Member States where health spending is lower than US$ 2 per person per year: 6 Percentage of funds spent on health in the WHO African Region that has been provided by donors: 9. The total spending on health per person for 211 is positively correlated to the wealth of a country. The higher the country s gross domestic product, the higher the health expenditure (see Graph 1). There is also a positive correlation between the total health expenditure and health outcomes such as life expectancy (see Graph 2). 4 Democratic People s Republic of Korea, Somalia, Zimbabwe and Tuvalu (OOPs only), Kiribati (OOPs only) are excluded because of weak or no data. 5 For more data and indicators on health expenditure, please visit the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) http://apps.who.int/nha/database/dataexplorerregime.aspx. 6 Source: Constraints to scaling up the health Millennium Development Goals: costing and financial gap analysis (http://www.who.int/choice/publications/d_scalingup_mdgs_who_finalreport.pdf) Note that recent yearly increases in US$ expenditure levels partially result from recent variations in US$ exchange rates. 4 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Factsheet Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Graph 1: The relationship between wealth and health expenditure (211) Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) Graph 2: The relationship between health expenditure and life expectancy (211) Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) Making optimum use of resources Spending money more efficiently and equitably will increase health coverage, increase financial protection and improve health outcomes. Typically between 2 4 of health spending is wasted, depriving many people of badly needed care. WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 5

Factsheet Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Overpaying is one form of waste. For example, in some places medicine prices are up to 67 times the international average price, leading to less money being available for other health services. Better use of medicines could save countries up to 5% of their health expenditure. France s strategy of using generic medicines instead of brand name ones, for example, led to savings equivalent to US$ 1.94 billion in 28. Half to two-thirds of total government spending on health is used for hospital care. Globally, almost US$ 3 billion is lost annually to hospital-related inefficiencies. By being more efficient, hospitals could achieve 15% more than they do now without spending any more. WHO response WHO supports countries seeking to strengthen their health financing systems. It works with countries to devise ways of raising more funds for health equitably, to use the available funds efficiently and equitably, and to monitor the use of funds. It works with the international community to try to raise more, and more predictable funds for health. WHO s work is guided by a 25 World Health Assembly resolution that urges countries to develop health financing systems that allow all people access to needed services while avoiding catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment. This work consists of technical and policy support to countries, the provision and sharing of information, data and country experiences, capacity building and partnership. Related links Global Health Expenditure Database [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/dataexplorerregime.aspx] Health system financing: country profiles [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/standardreport. aspx?id=report_country_profile ] Health financing [link to http://www.who.int/topics/health_economics/en/ ] 6 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Policy highlights Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.1/March 214 (based on 211 data) Do health expenditures meet health needs? In 211, the world spent a total of US$ 6.9 trillion on health at exchange rates or I$ 7.2 trillion (International dollars taking into account the purchasing power of different national currencies). The geographical distribution of financial resources for health is uneven. There is a 2/8 syndrome in which 34 OECD countries make up less than 2 of the world s population but spend over 8 of the world s resources on health. OECD countries spend a larger share of their on health (12.33%), as compared to 6.15% in the African (AFR) and 3.6 in South East Asian (SEAR) regions of WHO. This translates to per capita spending of I$436 (US$ 4584) in OECD countries compared to I$142 (US$ 68) in SEAR region. Linking this to epidemiology, the figure shows that though the poorer WHO regions like AFR and SEAR account for the largest share of the global burden of disease (over 5 of global disability-adjusted life years lost) and only 3 of the world s population, they spend 3% of global health resources. The Western Pacific (WPR) region without the four OECD Member States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand, and Republic of Korea, accounts for 23.5% of the world s population (dominated by China), about of the global burden of disease but only 6% of the world s health resources. The region of the Americas (AMR) and Europe (EUR), excluding the OECD countries, account for about 11.5% of the world s population, 11% of the global burden of disease and spend only 7.49% of health resources. Richer countries with smaller populations and lower disease burden use more health resources than poorer countries with larger populations and higher disease burden. This highlights the absolute need for additional resources for many poor countries and raises questions of efficiency in health spending in richer countries. Percentage distribution of Population, DALYs, and Total health expenditure by WHO regions and OECD, 211 data Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) are from 24 WHO regions exclude OECD countries Source: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/ WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 7

Policy highlights Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.2/ March 214 (based on 211 data) Heavy reliance on out of pocket expenditures leads to financial barriers for poor. The target for the first goal of the Millennium Declaration is to halve (between 199 and 215) the proportion of people with incomes less than one dollar a day. Out of pocket payments lead to financial barriers to access for the poor and for purchasing medical goods and services result in fall below the poverty line (impoverishment) or suffer severe financial difficulties (i.e. they incur catastrophic expenditures). Household surveys have shown that on average, 1 million individuals are impoverished, and another 15 million individuals face severe financial difficulties during any given year because of these direct health expenditures. In 211, the world spent US$6.9 trillion or I$7.2 trillion (international dollars adjusting for differences in purchasing power between national currencies) on health. Low income countries with annual per capita incomes of less than US$1,25 relied most heavily on out of pocket payments to finance health care. In these countries, the share of out-of-pocket payments in total health expenditures measured in US$ terms was 4 compared to only 1 in countries with incomes higher than US$12,476 per capita. Health expenses in most high income countries are raised largely through prepayment mechanisms such as taxes or health insurance premiums, with potential for cross subsidizing and protecting from financial catastrophe. These funds are channelled through private insurance, social security and government agencies who purchase or provide health services (see figure below). Components of health expenditure measured in US$ World Bank country classification by according to 211 GNI/capita: High income: US$12,476 or more; Upper middle income: US$4,36 - $12,475; Low middle income: US$1,26 - US$4,35; Low income: US$1,25 or less Source: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/ 8 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Policy highlights Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HO/HA Policy Highlight No.3/ March 214 (based on 211 data) External AID for health remains insufficient in low income countries It has long been recognized that many countries lack sufficient funds to ensure universal access to critical health interventions and services. In response, the international community has increased their financial support to low and low-middle income countries, particularly related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Have these funds helped increase overall expenditures on health in poor countries? Are they sufficient? Trends between 21-25 show significant increases in total expenditures on health in the group of low-income countries 1. Taken as a group, these countries spent $11 (in 25 US$) per capita health in 21, a figure that includes contributions from external sources such as bilateral and multilateral partners and foundations. This had increased to $15 in 25, and $21 in 211. This represents an increase of 85% over the period. At the same time, financial contributions from outside these countries for health also increased. External aid per capita received by the low-income countries have increased from US$ 1.8 (25 constant) in 21 to $6.1 in 211, which is an increase of 25% per year. The relative contribution of these external resources to total expenditure on health has increased from 15.3% in 21 to 29. in 211 during the period concerned however remains relatively low. In individual countries, however, the contributions can be considerably higher, rising as high as 8 of total health expenditures. The 21 Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health estimated that a minimum set of essential preventive and curative interventions, focusing largely on communicable diseases, would cost approximately $34 per person. Despite the increase in aid, per capita expenditure on health across the group of low-income countries in 211 was only $21, of which only $6.1 was financed through external aid. External Resources per capita by year (US$ 25 prices), excluding Somalia, South Sudan and Zimbabwe Source: WHO Health Accounts, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en 1 World Bank country classification by income level per capita GNI(211) of less than US $1,25 for lowincome countries. Source: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 9

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Policy highlights Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO/HA Policy Highlight No. 4/ March 214 (based on 211 data) Wealth, health and health expenditure The level of a nation s wealth, as measured by its gross domestic product, is linked very closely to what it spends on health. The larger the per capita income, the larger the expenditure is on health. Some countries, however, spend appreciably more than would be expected by their income levels, and some appreciably less. There is no recommended level of spending on health. But the graph below shows that increasing health expenditures are associated with better health outcomes especially for low income countries. Income level Average* Gross Domestic Product (Per capita US$) Average* Total Health Expenditure (Per capita US$) High 38,192 4,583 Upper middle 6,821 48 Lower middle 1,9 82 Low 63 3 World 1,65 1,8 1 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

WHO African Region Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Republic of Cabo Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of Congo Congo Côte d Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Swaziland Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 11

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Algeria, 212 Algeria spent 11 billion US$ 1 - $279 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 8 1% Algeria: Algeria: $5,31/capita 72 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years $433 4 health Algeria: 12 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $227 $191 $34 $247 $48 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((45%)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 12 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Angola, 212 Angola spent 4. billion US$ 9 2% - $19 per capita Spending by - 27% spent by 27% 62% 11% Angola: Angola: $5,482/capita 52 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years $433 4 health Angola: 61 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $153 $95 $41 $247 $48 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((39%)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is low ((6%)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 13

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Benin, 212 Benin spent 332 million US$ 6 32% - $33 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 51% Benin: Benin: $737/capita 57 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health $31 3 $31 Benin: 41 per 25 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 $16 $14 $13 $12 1 11% 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((22%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 14 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Botswana, 212 Botswana spent 77 million US$ 8 - $384 per capita Spending by - 6% spent by 6% 56% 3 Botswana: Botswana: $7,238/capita 61 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years $433 4 health $42 Botswana: 19 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $227 $22 $247 $48 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Botswana Seychelles Mauritius Seychelles South Africa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((37%)) Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is low (()) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 15

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burkina Faso, 212 Burkina Faso spent 622 million US$ 69% 31% - $38 per capita Spending by - 36% spent by 36% 5 9% Burkina Faso: Burkina Faso: $612/capita 52 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 4 health $38 35 Burkina Faso: 56 per 3 25 $31 2 $21 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 $14 $13 $12 5 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is high ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 16 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burundi, 212 Burundi spent 197 million US$ 5 46% - $2 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 59% 12% Burundi: Burundi: $246/capita 5 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 25 Burundi: 97 per 2 $18 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $11 $5 $13 $12 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((35%)) allocated to health is high ((1)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 17

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cabo Verde Republic of, 212 Cabo Verde Republic of spent 71 million US$ 72% 2 - $144 per capita Spending by - 21% spent by 21% 77% 1% Cabo Verde Republic of: Cabo Verde Republic of: $3,7/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 16 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years 14 health $138 Cabo Verde Republic of: 94 per AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 12 1 8 6 4 2 $17 $29 $86 $48 $33 11% 5% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Cabo Verde Republic of Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Senegal Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Ghana Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) Ghana Senegal Nigeria Zambia Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo Côte d'ivoire allocated to health is in the median range ((9%)) South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 18 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cameroon, 212 Cameroon spent 1.3 billion US$ 91% 9% - $59 per capita Spending by - 63% spent by 63% 3 Cameroon: Cameroon: $1,151/capita 51 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $86 8 health Cameroon: 6 per AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $58 $36 $19 $48 $33 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Zambia Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo Côte d'ivoire allocated to health is in the median range ((9%)) South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 19

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Central African Republic, 212 Central African Republic spent 8 million US$ 71% 29% - $18 per capita Spending by - 46% spent by 46% 5 5% Central African Republic: Central African Republic: $473/capita 48 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 25 Central African Republic: 85 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 15 1 $18 $9 $8 $31 $13 $12 5 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((17%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 2 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chad, 212 Chad spent 388 million US$ 8 12% - $31 per capita Spending by - 53% spent by 53% 45% 2% Chad: Chad: $885/capita 48 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 4 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 35 health 3 $31 25 $26 Chad: 1,2 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 $14 $12 $13 $12 5 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((27%)) allocated to health is low ((6%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 21

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Comoros, 212 Comoros spent 27 million US$ 73% 27% - $38 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 56% Comoros: Comoros: $831/capita 6 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 4 health 35 $36 3 $31 Comoros: 34 per 25 2 $2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 $16 $13 $12 5 11% 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((26%)) allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 22 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Congo, 212 Congo spent 433 million US$ 92% - $1 per capita Spending by - 25% spent by 25% 7 1% Congo: Congo: $3,154/capita 55 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $94 9 health $86 8 7 $69 Congo: 58 per 6 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 5 4 3 $48 $33 2 $24 6% 2% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((36%)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is low ((6%)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 23

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Côte d'ivoire, 212 Côte d'ivoire spent 1.7 billion US$ 91% 9% - $88 per capita Spending by - 56% spent by 56% 27% 17% Côte d'ivoire: Côte d'ivoire: $1,244/capita 5 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 12 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years 11 health 1 9 $85 $86 8 Côte d'ivoire: 47 per 7 6 AFR low-mid income 5 4 $48 $48 countries: 483 per 1, $33 3 live births $23 2 1 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Zambia Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo Côte d'ivoire allocated to health is in the median range (()) South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 24 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic Republic of the Congo, 212 Democratic Republic of the Congo spent 998 million US$ 5 5 - $15 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 51% Democratic Republic of the Congo: Democratic Republic of the Congo: $272/capita 49 years 212 average of low AFR income Total ex penditure on health countries AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment ex penditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 25 Democratic Republic of the Congo: 67 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 15 1 5 $13 $7 $4 $13 $12 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe 1 2 3 4 5 Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe 5% 1 15% 2 25% Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe 2% 6% Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((22%)) allocated to health is high ((13%)) as a % of is high ((3%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 25

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Equatorial Guinea, 212 Equatorial Guinea spent 838 million US$ 99% 1% - $1,138 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 5 2% Equatorial Guinea: Equatorial Guinea: $24,36/capita 53 years 212 average of hi AFR income AFR hi income AFR hi income 1,2 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 53 years $24,36/capita health 1, $848 8 Equatorial Guinea: 28 per AFR hi income countries: 28 per 6 4 2 $46 $369 $1,138 $618 $495 12% expenditure () % Among hi AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((37%)) Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea allocated to health is in the median range ((7%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 2% 6% 112%112 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 26 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Eritrea, 212 Eritrea spent 9 million US$ 75% 25% - $15 per capita Spending by - 53% spent by 53% 47% Eritrea: Eritrea: $564/capita 66 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 25 Eritrea: 28 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $12 $6 $13 $12 3% 2% 1% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((3)) allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is low ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 27

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ethiopia, 212 Ethiopia spent 1.6 billion US$ 5 5 - $18 per capita Spending by - 41% spent by 41% 4 1 Ethiopia: Ethiopia: $458/capita 54 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 25 Ethiopia: 47 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $13 $6 $5 $13 $12 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((17%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 28 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gabon, 212 Gabon spent 648 million US$ 99% 1% - $397 per capita Spending by - 41% spent by 41% 51% 7% Gabon: Gabon: $11,431/capita 62 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years 45 health $433 4 35 $351 Gabon: 26 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 3 25 2 15 1 5 $18 $145 $247 $48 6% 2% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((25%)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is low ((7%)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 29

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gambia, 212 Gambia spent 46 million US$ 51% 49% - $26 per capita Spending by - spent by 66% 1 Gambia: Gambia: $512/capita 6 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 25 $27 $31 Gambia: 4 per 2 $18 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $4 $13 $12 11% 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((29%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is high ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 3 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ghana, 212 Ghana spent 2.1 billion US$ 89% 11% - $83 per capita Spending by - 29% spent by 29% 57% 1 Ghana: Ghana: $1,65/capita 6 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $86 8 health $81 7 6 Ghana: 35 per 5 $47 $48 4 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 3 2 $23 $33 1 2 12% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Cabo Verde Republic of Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Senegal Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Ghana Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) Ghana Senegal Nigeria Zambia Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo Côte d'ivoire allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 31

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea, 212 Guinea spent 367 million US$ 9 1 - $32 per capita Spending by - 67% spent by 67% 2 5% Guinea: Guinea: $58/capita 52 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $28 25 $31 Guinea: 68 per 2 $19 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $8 $13 $12 11% 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((26%)) allocated to health is low ((7%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 32 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea-Bissau, 212 Guinea-Bissau spent 5 million US$ 66% 3 - $3 per capita Spending by - 43% spent by 43% 23% 3 Guinea-Bissau: Guinea-Bissau: $57/capita 49 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 7 health 6 Guinea-Bissau: 1, per 5 4 AFR low income countries: 655 per 3 2 1 $29 $12 $7 $31 $12 $13 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((17%)) allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is low ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 33

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kenya, 212 Kenya spent 1.9 billion US$ 5 42% - $45 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 3 1 Kenya: Kenya: $94/capita 6 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 4 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years $39 health 35 3 Kenya: 53 per 25 $31 AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 15 1 $18 $15 $13 $12 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((31%)) allocated to health is low ((6%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 34 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lesotho, 212 Lesotho spent 283 million US$ 7 3 - $138 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 79% 7% Lesotho: Lesotho: $1,193/capita 48 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $134 health 12 1 $15 Lesotho: 53 per 8 $86 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $2 $48 $33 12% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((63%)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is high ((1)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is high ((9%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 35

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Liberia, 212 Liberia spent 274 million US$ 65% 35% - $65 per capita Spending by - 21% spent by 21% 3 49% Liberia: Liberia: $422/capita 56 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years $58 health 5 4 Liberia: 99 per 3 $31 AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 1 $17 $12 $12 $13 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is high ((19%)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 36 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Madagascar, 212 Madagascar spent 46 million US$ 79% 21% - $18 per capita Spending by - 31% spent by 31% 61% Madagascar: Madagascar: $443/capita 65 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 25 Madagascar: 44 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 15 1 5 $17 $1 $5 $13 $12 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is high ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 37

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malawi, 212 Malawi spent 39 million US$ 46% 5 - $25 per capita Spending by - 13% spent by 13% 77% 11% Malawi: Malawi: $268/capita 47 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years $33 health 3 $31 25 $25 Malawi: 51 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $4 $13 $12 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((39%)) allocated to health is high ((1)) as a % of is high ((7%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 38 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mali, 212 Mali spent 626 million US$ 69% 31% - $42 per capita Spending by - 61% spent by 61% 39% Mali: Mali: $724/capita 53 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 45 health Mali: 83 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 $39 $24 $15 $31 $12 $13 5 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((1)) allocated to health is high ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 39

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritania, 212 Mauritania spent 196 million US$ 92% - $52 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 6 2% Mauritania: Mauritania: $89/capita 58 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $86 8 health 7 6 Mauritania: 55 per 5 $51 $48 4 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 3 2 $32 $17 $33 1 2 12% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((41%)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is high ((1)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 4 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritius, 212 Mauritius spent 551 million US$ 1 - $444 per capita Spending by - 47% spent by 47% 49% Mauritius: Mauritius: $9,238/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years $433 4 health $44 Mauritius: 36 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $189 $198 $247 $48 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((23%)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 41

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mozambique, 212 Mozambique spent 937 million US$ 4 56% - $37 per capita Spending by - 5% spent by 5% 4 51% Mozambique: Mozambique: $579/capita 49 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 25 $27 $31 Mozambique: 55 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $12 $13 $12 $1 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((32%)) allocated to health is low ((9%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 42 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Namibia, 212 Namibia spent 1.1 billion US$ 92% - $473 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 62% 31% Namibia: Namibia: $5,668/capita 57 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years 45 health $445 $433 4 35 Namibia: 18 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 3 25 2 15 1 5 $274 $3 $247 $48 12% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Botswana Seychelles Mauritius Seychelles South Africa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((37%)) Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is high ((1)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 43

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niger, 212 Niger spent 437 million US$ 8 2 - $25 per capita Spending by - 53% spent by 53% 4 7% Niger: Niger: $356/capita 57 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 3 $31 Niger: 82 per 25 2 $24 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 5 $13 $9 $13 $12 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 44 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nigeria, 212 Nigeria spent 16 billion US$ 95% 5% - $94 per capita Spending by - 66% spent by 66% 31% 3% Nigeria: Nigeria: $1,555/capita 54 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $94 9 health $86 8 7 Nigeria: 84 per AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 6 5 4 3 2 1 $62 $29 $48 $33 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Cabo Verde Republic of Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Senegal Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Ghana Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is low ((7%)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 45

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Rwanda, 212 Rwanda spent 757 million US$ 53% 47% - $66 per capita Spending by - 21% spent by 21% 57% 22% Rwanda: Rwanda: $62/capita 59 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 7 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years health 6 $61 5 Rwanda: 54 per 4 3 $35 $31 AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 1 $13 $12 $13 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is high ((22%)) as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 46 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sao Tome and Principe, 212 Sao Tome and Principe spent 21 million US$ 57% 43% - $19 per capita Spending by - 52% spent by 52% 32% 17% Sao Tome and Principe: Sao Tome and Principe: $1,386/capita 68 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years health 12 1 $11 Sao Tome and Principe: per AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 8 6 4 2 $57 $35 $86 $48 $33 11% 5% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((45%)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is low ((6%)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 47

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Senegal, 212 Senegal spent 73 million US$ 81% 19% - $51 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 56% 1 Senegal: Senegal: $1,32/capita 62 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $86 8 health Senegal: 41 per AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $49 $28 $17 $48 $33 11% 5% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Cabo Verde Republic of Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Senegal Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Ghana Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((29%)) Ghana Senegal Nigeria Zambia Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo Côte d'ivoire allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 48 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Seychelles, 212 Seychelles spent 48 million US$ 92% - $521 per capita Spending by - 2% spent by 2% 93% Seychelles: Seychelles: $11,178/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years Seychelles: per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 5 4 3 2 1 health $531 $495 $13 $433 $247 $48 11% 5% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is high ((11%)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 49

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sierra Leone, 212 Sierra Leone spent 572 million US$ 87% 13% - $96 per capita Spending by - 76% spent by 76% 17% 7% Sierra Leone: Sierra Leone: $635/capita 49 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 8 health $79 Sierra Leone: 97 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $6 $13 $31 $12 $13 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 5 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: South Africa, 212 South Africa spent 34 billion US$ 9 2% - $645 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 4 45% South Africa: South Africa: $7,336/capita 54 years 212 average of up-mid AFR income AFR up-mid income AFR up-mid income 7 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,42/capita countries: 63 years $646 health 6 5 South Africa: 41 per AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 1, live births 4 3 2 1 $31 $46 $433 $247 $48 11% 5% expenditure () % Algeria Namibia Namibia Seychelles South Africa Algeria Among up-mid AFR countries: Angola Seychelles Seychelles Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((33%)) Botswana Mauritius South Africa Namibia South Africa Algeria Botswana Botswana Mauritius allocated to health is high ((13%)) Gabon Mauritius Gabon Angola Angola Gabon as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 51

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Swaziland, 212 Swaziland spent 319 million US$ 7 22% - $259 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 7 15% Swaziland: Swaziland: $3,42/capita 49 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 3 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years health 25 $253 2 $187 Swaziland: 42 per 15 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 1 5 $28 $86 $48 $33 2 12% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Cabo Verde Republic of Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Senegal Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Ghana Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is high ((1)) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 52 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Togo, 212 Togo spent 271 million US$ 82% 1 - $41 per capita Spending by - 41% spent by 41% 51% 7% Togo: Togo: $472/capita 59 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 4 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years $38 35 health 3 $31 25 Togo: 35 per 2 $19 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 $15 $13 $12 5 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((29%)) allocated to health is high ((15%)) as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 53

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uganda, 212 Uganda spent 1.6 billion US$ 71% 29% - $44 per capita Spending by - 49% spent by 49% 2 27% Uganda: Uganda: $547/capita 52 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 45 health Uganda: 43 per 4 35 3 25 $39 $31 AFR low income countries: 655 per 2 15 1 $19 $9 $12 $13 5 11% 5% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((19%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 54 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Republic of Tanzania, 212 United Republic of Tanzania spent 2. billion US$ 62% 3 - $41 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 39% 29% United Republic of Tanzania: United Republic of Tanzania: $591/capita 55 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 4 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years $38 35 health 3 $31 25 United Republic of Tanzania: 79 per 2 AFR low income countries: 655 per 15 1 $15 $12 $13 $12 5 2 12% expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((27%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 55

WHO African countries HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zambia, 212 Zambia spent 1.4 billion US$ 6 32% - $96 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 6 12% Zambia: Zambia: $1,469/capita 48 years 212 average of low-mid AFR income AFR low-mid income AFR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,482/capita countries: 56 years $86 $86 8 health 7 Zambia: 47 per 6 5 $55 $48 4 AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 1, live births 3 2 $21 $33 1 2 12% expenditure () % Lesotho Swaziland Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Mauritania Congo Swaziland Zambia Lesotho Mauritania Ghana Swaziland Zambia Mauritania Cabo Verde Republic of Among low-mid AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((26%)) Cabo Verde Republic of Senegal Ghana Ghana Senegal Nigeria Cabo Verde Republic of Cameroon Côte d'ivoire Senegal Sao Tome and Principe Congo allocated to health is high (()) Zambia Nigeria Côte d'ivoire South Sudan Côte d'ivoire Cameroon Congo Sao Tome and Principe South Sudan Nigeria Cameroon South Sudan as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 56 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zimbabwe, 212 Zimbabwe spent billion US$ - $ per capita Spending by - spent by Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe: $/capita 49 years 212 average of low AFR income AFR low income AFR low income 32 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $527/capita countries: 54 years 3 health 28 26 Zimbabwe: 79 per AFR low income countries: 655 per 24 22 2 18 16 14 12 1 $31 $13 $12 15 1 5-5 -1-15 expenditure () % Malawi Burundi Eritrea Mozambique Kenya Gambia Togo Burkina Faso Niger Rwanda Chad United Republic of Tanzania Guinea Comoros Liberia Benin Democratic Republic of the Congo Sierra Leone Madagascar Uganda Mali Guinea-Bissau Ethiopia Central African Republic Zimbabwe Rwanda Liberia Malawi Togo Burundi Democratic Republic of the Congo Madagascar Mali Sierra Leone Burkina Faso Gambia Central African Republic Ethiopia Niger Benin United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Comoros Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea Chad Kenya Eritrea Zimbabwe Malawi Rwanda Burundi Liberia Togo Burkina Faso Gambia Democratic Republic of the Congo Niger Mozambique United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Sierra Leone Madagascar Benin Mali Uganda Central African Republic Ethiopia Kenya Guinea Chad Guinea-Bissau Eritrea Zimbabwe Among low AFR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is low (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 57

WHO Region of the Americas Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Plurinational States Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Domincan Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Uruguay Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 58 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Antigua and Barbuda, 212 Antigua and Barbuda spent 61 million US$ 1 - $681 per capita Spending by - 22% spent by 22% 75% 2% Antigua and Barbuda: Antigua and Barbuda: $13,27/capita 74 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health Antigua and Barbuda: per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, List of countries 6, in WHO Region of the 5, Americas 4, 3, 2, $8,124 $3,899 1, $493 $654 $145 $936 2 12% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((22%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is high ((1)) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 59

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Argentina, 212 Argentina spent 41 billion US$ 99% 1% - $995 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 69% 11% Argentina: Argentina: $11,717/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $857 $1,94/capita 8 health $778 7 6 $593 Argentina: 7 per 5 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 $172 $253 1 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((26%)) allocated to health is high ((22%)) as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 6 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahamas, 212 Bahamas spent 612 million US$ 1 - $1,647 per capita Spending by - 29% spent by 29% 46% 25% Bahamas: Bahamas: $21,98/capita 76 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Bahamas: 49 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, $1,65 $76 $48 $3,899 $936 2 12% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((22%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Chile Bahamas Chile Barbados Antigua and Barbuda Chile Bahamas allocated to health is in the median range (()) Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 61

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Barbados, 212 Barbados spent 266 million US$ 9 2% - $938 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 66% Barbados: Barbados: $14,917/capita 76 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Barbados: 64 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,899 1, $89 $584 $36 $936 11% 5% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((42%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is low ((1)) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 62 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belize, 212 Belize spent 84 million US$ 99% 1% - $259 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 65% 11% Expenditure by government Belize: Belize: $4,468/capita years 212 average of up-mid AMR income Total expenditure on health countries AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 3 countries: countries: years $1,94/capita health $26 25 2 Belize: per 15 $172 AMR up-mid income countries: per 1, live births 1 5 $61 11% 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru expenditure on health % Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) expenditure on health % Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((31%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization (nhaweb@who.int) Footnote: All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 1 within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE. Eg. Sum of (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted. We recommend further reading on this, in the Glossary of terms in the Documentation WHO Center Global on GHED Health http://who.int/nha/database/ Expenditure Atlas In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 1 because of rounding. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. 63

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bolivia Plurinational States of, 212 Bolivia Plurinational States of spent 1.6 billion US$ 96% - $149 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 72% 5% Bolivia Plurinational States of : Bolivia Plurinational States of : $2,576/capita 68 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years health $221 2 15 Bolivia Plurinational States of : 18 per AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 1 5 $12 $86 $28 $19 $98 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is low ((1)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is low (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 64 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brazil, 212 Brazil spent 21 billion US$ 1 - $1,56 per capita Spending by - 31% spent by 31% 46% 23% Brazil: Brazil: $11,348/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 1,1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $1,41 $1,94/capita 1, health Brazil: 58 per 9 8 7 6 $778 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 5 4 3 2 $483 $322 $49 $253 1 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((57%)) allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 65

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Canada, 212 Canada spent 199 billion US$ 1 - $5,741 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 7 15% Canada: Canada: $52,53/capita 81 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Canada: 12 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $5,183 $3,631 $3,899 1, $777 $936 2 12% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Chile Bahamas Chile Barbados Antigua and Barbuda Chile Bahamas allocated to health is in the median range ((17%)) Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 66 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chile, 212 Chile spent 19 billion US$ 1 - $1,13 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 49% 19% Chile: Chile: $15,363/capita 79 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Chile: 26 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,899 1, $999 $321 $485 $936 12% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((23%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Chile Bahamas Chile Barbados Antigua and Barbuda Chile Bahamas allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 67

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Colombia, 212 Colombia spent 25 billion US$ 99% 1% - $53 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 76% 9% Colombia: Colombia: $7,752/capita 76 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 Colombia: 85 per AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 5 4 3 2 1 $456 $346 $67 $49 $253 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is high ((19%)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 68 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Costa Rica, 212 Costa Rica spent 4.6 billion US$ 1 - $951 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 75% 2% Costa Rica: Costa Rica: $9,387/capita 79 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $841 $1,94/capita 8 health $778 Costa Rica: 44 per AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $627 $194 $49 $253 4 3 2 1 expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((27%)) allocated to health is high ((2)) as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 69

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cuba, 212 Cuba spent 6.3 billion US$ 1 - $558 per capita Spending by - 6% spent by 6% 9 Cuba: Cuba: $6,498/capita 78 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 $536 $54 Cuba: 53 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $253 $31 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((7)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 7 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominica, 212 Dominica spent 28 million US$ 96% - $392 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 72% Dominica: Dominica: $6,691/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Dominica: per 4 $386 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $278 $92 $253 11% 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 71

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominican Republic, 212 Dominican Republic spent 3.2 billion US$ 95% 5% - $31 per capita Spending by - 39% spent by 39% 51% 1 Dominican Republic: Dominican Republic: $5,731/capita 71 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Dominican Republic: 1 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $292 $148 $113 $253 2 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((19%)) allocated to health is high ((1)) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 72 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ecuador, 212 Ecuador spent 5.6 billion US$ 1 - $361 per capita Spending by - 51% spent by 51% 45% Ecuador: Ecuador: $5,648/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Ecuador: 14 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $329 $169 $147 $253 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((41%)) allocated to health is low ((7%)) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 73

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: El Salvador, 212 El Salvador spent 1.6 billion US$ 99% 1% - $254 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 63% 5% El Salvador: El Salvador: $3,777/capita 72 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 26 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years 24 health $237 22 $221 2 El Salvador: 11 per AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 $149 $77 $19 $98 2 12% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((27%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 74 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Grenada, 212 Grenada spent 5 million US$ 99% 1% - $478 per capita Spending by - 52% spent by 52% 47% 1% Grenada: Grenada: $7,485/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita health 7 6 Grenada: per 5 4 $466 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 $244 $217 $253 1 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((33%)) allocated to health is low ((9%)) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 75

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guatemala, 212 Guatemala spent 3.4 billion US$ 97% 3% - $226 per capita Spending by - 53% spent by 53% 36% 11% Guatemala: Guatemala: $3,348/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 24 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years 22 $221 health 2 $199 18 Guatemala: 11 per AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 $16 $71 $19 $98 2 12% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((15%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is high (()) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 76 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guyana, 212 Guyana spent 187 million US$ 89% 11% - $235 per capita Spending by - 31% spent by 31% 66% 3% Guyana: Guyana: $3,585/capita 67 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years health $221 2 $26 Guyana: 27 per 15 1 $136 $19 $98 AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 5 $65 2 12% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((33%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 77

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Haiti, 212 Haiti spent 535 million US$ 33% 67% - $53 per capita Spending by - 3% spent by 3% 23% 7 Haiti: Haiti: $816/capita 62 years 212 average of low AMR income AMR low income AMR low income 7 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $816/capita countries: 62 years health 6 Haiti: 3 per 5 4 $48 $53 3 AMR low income countries: 3 per 1, live births 2 1 $11 $12 $2 $2 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Among low AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((27%)) Haiti Haiti Haiti allocated to health is in the median range ((5%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 2% 6% 112%112 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 78 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Honduras, 212 Honduras spent 1.5 billion US$ 96% - $195 per capita Spending by - 46% spent by 46% 5 Honduras: Honduras: $2,268/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 24 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years 22 $221 health 2 18 $179 Honduras: 11 per AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 $9 $82 $19 $98 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((37%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 79

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jamaica, 212 Jamaica spent 882 million US$ 9 2% - $318 per capita Spending by - 29% spent by 29% 55% Jamaica: Jamaica: $5,374/capita 71 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Jamaica: 89 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $287 $157 $83 $253 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((31%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 8 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mexico, 212 Mexico spent 72 billion US$ 99% 1% - $618 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 52% Mexico: Mexico: $1,57/capita 76 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita health 7 6 $587 Mexico: 85 per AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 5 4 3 2 $34 $259 $49 $253 1 2 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is high (()) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 81

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nicaragua, 212 Nicaragua spent 865 million US$ 89% 11% - $144 per capita Spending by - 39% spent by 39% 5 7% Nicaragua: Nicaragua: $1,754/capita 74 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years health $221 2 15 Nicaragua: 1 per $131 1 $19 $98 AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 5 $71 $51 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((23%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is high ((2)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 82 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Panama, 212 Panama spent 2.8 billion US$ 1 - $723 per capita Spending by - 25% spent by 25% 69% 7% Panama: Panama: $9,534/capita 77 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health $65 6 Panama: 71 per 5 4 $446 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $161 $253 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((41%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 83

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Paraguay, 212 Paraguay spent 2.6 billion US$ 97% 3% - $392 per capita Spending by - 53% spent by 53% 42% 5% Paraguay: Paraguay: $3,799/capita 74 years 212 average of low-mid AMR income AMR low-mid income AMR low-mid income 35 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,967/capita countries: 7 years health $319 3 25 Paraguay: 95 per AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 1, live births 2 15 1 5 $17 $134 $221 $19 $98 2 12% expenditure () % Bolivia Plurinational States of Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua Paraguay Guyana Among low-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((39%)) Guyana El Salvador Guyana Honduras Honduras El Salvador allocated to health is low ((11%)) Nicaragua Guatemala Paraguay Bolivia Plurinational States of Bolivia Plurinational States of Guatemala as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 84 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Peru, 212 Peru spent 1 billion US$ 99% 1% - $337 per capita Spending by - 36% spent by 36% 59% 5% Peru: Peru: $6,654/capita 76 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Peru: 98 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $296 $174 $16 $253 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) allocated to health is high ((1)) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 85

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Kitts and Nevis, 212 Saint Kitts and Nevis spent 44 million US$ 97% 3% - $825 per capita Spending by - 55% spent by 55% 39% 5% Saint Kitts and Nevis: Saint Kitts and Nevis: $13,967/capita 74 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Saint Kitts and Nevis: per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,899 1, $793 $438 $312 $936 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((33%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is low ((7%)) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 86 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Lucia, 212 Saint Lucia spent 11 million US$ 96% - $556 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 55% Saint Lucia: Saint Lucia: $6,558/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 $553 Saint Lucia: per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $35 $245 $253 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((46%)) allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 87

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 212 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines spent 37 million US$ 97% 3% - $34 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 82% Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: $6,515/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income Total ex penditure on health countries AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment ex penditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: per AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 4 3 2 1 $328 $269 $59 $49 $253 11% 5% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 2% 6% 1 Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 88 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Suriname, 212 Suriname spent 278 million US$ 96% - $521 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 57% 33% Suriname: Suriname: $8,864/capita 72 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $778 $1,94/capita 7 health 6 5 $525 Suriname: 1 per 4 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $299 $53 $253 12% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Panama Colombia Saint Lucia Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Among up-mid AMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 89

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Trinidad and Tobago, 212 Trinidad and Tobago spent 1.3 billion US$ 1 - $972 per capita Spending by - 42% spent by 42% 5 Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad and Tobago: $17,861/capita 7 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Trinidad and Tobago: 55 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,899 1, $826 $347 $416 $936 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((36%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is low (()) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 9 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United States of America, 212 United States of America spent 2,89 billion US$ 1 - $8,895 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 46% 43% United States of America: United States of America: $49,668/capita 79 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $8,59 $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 United States of America: 24 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,947 $3,899 1, $945 $936 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((42%)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is high ((2)) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 91

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uruguay, 212 Uruguay spent 4.4 billion US$ 1 - $1,38 per capita Spending by - 17% spent by 17% 67% 17% Uruguay: Uruguay: $14,73/capita 76 years 212 average of hi AMR income AMR hi income AMR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $47,83/capita 8, health $8,124 Uruguay: 27 per AMR hi income countries: 37 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $3,899 1, $1,127 $751 $186 $936 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Canada Uruguay United States of America Barbados United States of America Canada Among hi AMR countries: United States of America Trinidad and Tobago Antigua and Barbuda Canada Uruguay Barbados Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) Saint Kitts and Nevis Uruguay Bahamas Chile Antigua and Barbuda Chile allocated to health is high ((25%)) Chile Barbados Bahamas Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Saint Kitts and Nevis as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 92 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), 212 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) spent 18 billion US$ 1 - $593 per capita Spending by - 6 spent by 6 3 3% Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): $12,767/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid AMR income AMR up-mid income AMR up-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 75 years $1,94/capita 8 health $778 7 $674 6 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): 68 per 5 4 $429 $49 AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 1, live births 3 2 $227 $253 1 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Cuba Brazil Saint Lucia Panama Ecuador Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Belize Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Suriname Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Dominican Republic Peru 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Costa Rica Argentina Colombia Peru Mexico Dominican Republic Panama Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Suriname Cuba Jamaica Dominica Saint Lucia Grenada Brazil Ecuador Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 2% 6% 1 Cuba Costa Rica Argentina Among up-mid AMR countries: Panama Colombia Total government expenditure is in Saint Lucia the median range as a % of Brazil ((2)) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominica Belize Suriname allocated to health is low ((6%)) Jamaica Mexico Peru Grenada Ecuador Dominican Republic as a % of is low ((2%)) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 93

WHO South-East Asia Region Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Bangladesh Bhutan Democratic People s Republic of Korea India Indonesia Maldives Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka Thailand Timor-Leste 94 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bangladesh, 212 Bangladesh spent 4. billion US$ 93% 7% - $26 per capita Spending by - 63% spent by 63% 3 2% Bangladesh: Bangladesh: $722/capita 65 years 212 average of low SEAR income 3 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR low income SEAR low income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $81/capita countries: 67 years $26 25 health $26 2 Bangladesh: 34 per 15 $17 $16 SEAR low income countries: 33 per 1, live births 1 5 $9 $9 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Myanmar Nepal Nepal Among low SEAR countries: Nepal Bangladesh Bangladesh Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of (()) Bangladesh Myanmar Myanmar allocated to health is in the median range (()) Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea as a % of is in the medain range ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 95

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bhutan, 212 Bhutan spent 67 million US$ 8 12% - $9 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 8 1% Bhutan: Bhutan: $2,398/capita 63 years 212 average of low-mid SEAR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries SEAR low-mid income SEAR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,856/capita countries: 67 years 1 health $96 8 $8 Bhutan: 2 per 6 $69 SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 1, live births 4 2 $15 $38 $24 2 12% expenditure () % the region Timor-Leste India Bhutan Among low-mid SEAR countries: Bhutan Bhutan Timor-Leste Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((45%)) Indonesia Indonesia India allocated to health is high ((7%)) India Timor-Leste Indonesia Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka as a % of is high ((3%)) 5% 1 2% 1234567891 11 12 13 14 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 96 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 212 Democratic People's Republic of Korea spent billion US$ - $ per capita Spending by - spent by Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Democratic People's Republic of Korea: $/capita 7 years 212 average of low SEAR income 3 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR low income SEAR low income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $81/capita countries: 67 years 25 health $26 2 Democratic People's Republic of Korea: 25 per SEAR low income countries: 33 per 1, live births 15 1 5 $16 $9 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Myanmar Nepal Nepal Among low SEAR countries: Nepal Bangladesh Bangladesh Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) Bangladesh Myanmar Myanmar allocated to health is low (()) Democratic People's Republic of KoreaDemocratic People's Republic of KoreaDemocratic People's Republic of Korea as a % of is low (()) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 97

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: India, 212 India spent 76 billion US$ 99% 1% - $61 per capita Spending by - 5 spent by 5 33% 9% India: India: $1,516/capita 65 years 212 average of low-mid SEAR 8 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries SEAR low-mid income SEAR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,856/capita countries: 67 years 7 health 6 $61 5 India: 23 per 4 $35 3 SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 1, live births 2 1 $2 $69 $38 $24 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Timor-Leste India Bhutan Among low-mid SEAR countries: Bhutan Bhutan Timor-Leste Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((1)) Indonesia Indonesia India allocated to health is high ((9%)) India Timor-Leste Indonesia Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka as a % of is in the medain range ((1%)) 5% 1 2% 1234567891 11 12 13 14 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 98 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Indonesia, 212 Indonesia spent 27 billion US$ 99% 1% - $18 per capita Spending by - 45% spent by 45% 4 15% Indonesia: Indonesia: $3,557/capita 68 years 212 average of low-mid SEAR 11 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries SEAR low-mid income SEAR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,856/capita countries: 67 years 1 $98 9 health 8 Indonesia: 24 per SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 1, live births 7 6 5 4 3 2 $45 $39 $69 $38 $24 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Timor-Leste India Bhutan Among low-mid SEAR countries: Bhutan Bhutan Timor-Leste Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((17%)) Indonesia India Indonesia Timor-Leste India Indonesia allocated to health is in the median range ((7%)) Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka as a % of is low ((1%)) 5% 1 2% 1234567891 11 12 13 14 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 99

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Maldives, 212 Maldives spent 189 million US$ 99% 1% - $558 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 45% 6% Maldives: Maldives: $6,567/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid SEAR income 7 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR up-mid income SEAR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $5,479/capita countries: 73 years 6 health $593 5 4 Maldives: 37 per SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $286 $269 $217 $165 $29 11% 5% expenditure () % the region Among up-mid SEAR countries: Maldives Thailand Maldives Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((41%)) allocated to health is low ((9%)) Thailand Maldives Thailand as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 1 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Myanmar, 212 Myanmar spent 1. billion US$ 92% - $2 per capita Spending by - 71% spent by 71% 2 5% Myanmar: Myanmar: $1,18/capita 64 years 212 average of low SEAR income 3 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR low income SEAR low income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $81/capita countries: 67 years 25 health $26 2 Myanmar: 24 per 15 $16 $16 SEAR low income countries: 33 per 1, live births 1 5 $12 $4 $9 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Myanmar Nepal Nepal Among low SEAR countries: Nepal Bangladesh Bangladesh Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((2)) Bangladesh Myanmar Myanmar allocated to health is in the median range ((2%)) Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 11

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nepal, 212 Nepal spent 985 million US$ 82% 1 - $36 per capita Spending by - 49% spent by 49% 39% 11% Nepal: Nepal: $656/capita 67 years 212 average of low SEAR income 4 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR low income SEAR low income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $81/capita countries: 67 years 35 $35 health 3 25 Nepal: 38 per 2 $17 SEAR low income countries: 33 per 1, live births 15 1 5 $14 $26 $16 $9 11% 5% expenditure () % the region Myanmar Nepal Nepal Among low SEAR countries: Nepal Bangladesh Bangladesh Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((21%)) Bangladesh Myanmar Myanmar allocated to health is high ((1)) Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Korea as a % of is high ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 12 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sri Lanka, 212 Sri Lanka spent billion US$ - $ per capita Spending by - spent by Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka: $/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid SEAR 9 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries SEAR low-mid income SEAR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,856/capita countries: 67 years 8 health 7 6 $69 5 Sri Lanka: 39 per 4 $38 SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $24 $ 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Timor-Leste India Bhutan Among low-mid SEAR countries: Bhutan Bhutan Timor-Leste Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) Indonesia Indonesia India allocated to health is low (()) India Timor-Leste Indonesia Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka as a % of is low (()) 5% 1 2% 1234567891 11 12 13 14 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 13

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Thailand, 212 Thailand spent 14 billion US$ 99% 1% - $215 per capita Spending by - 13% spent by 13% 76% 1 Thailand: Thailand: $5,474/capita 7 years 212 average of up-mid SEAR income 25 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries SEAR up-mid income SEAR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $5,479/capita countries: 73 years $217 health 2 $2 15 $153 $165 Thailand: 48 per 1 SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 1, live births 5 $26 $29 2 12% expenditure () % the region Among up-mid SEAR countries: Maldives Thailand Maldives Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((21%)) allocated to health is high ((1)) Thailand Maldives Thailand as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 14 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Timor-Leste, 212 Timor-Leste spent 55 million US$ 55% 45% - $5 per capita Spending by - spent by 7 22% Timor-Leste: Timor-Leste: $1,16/capita 67 years 212 average of low-mid SEAR 8 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries SEAR low-mid income SEAR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,856/capita countries: 67 years 7 health 6 5 Timor-Leste: 37 per 4 $4 SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $3 $69 $38 $24 $2 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % the region Timor-Leste India Bhutan Among low-mid SEAR countries: Bhutan Bhutan Timor-Leste Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((12)) Indonesia Indonesia India allocated to health is low ((3%)) India Timor-Leste Indonesia Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka as a % of is high ((3%)) 5% 1 2% 1234567891 11 12 13 14 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 15

WHO European Region Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 16 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Albania, 212 Albania spent 719 million US$ 96% - $228 per capita Spending by - 52% spent by 52% 4 Albania: Albania: $3,89/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 4 $383 Albania: 31 per 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $223 $117 $16 $142 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is low Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as a % of ((29%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is low ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 17

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Andorra, 212 Andorra spent 268 million US$ 1 - $3,57 per capita Spending by - 17% spent by 17% 77% 6% Andorra: Andorra: $36,819/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,4 $3,52 Andorra: per 2,5 2, $2,328 $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $531 $474 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 18 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Armenia, 212 Armenia spent 446 million US$ 9 6% - $15 per capita Spending by - 55% spent by 55% 42% Armenia: Armenia: $3,351/capita 7 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years health $216 2 15 $158 Armenia: 29 per EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 1 5 $86 $66 $111 $96 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Ukraine Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is low (()) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 19

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Austria, 212 Austria spent 46 billion US$ 1 - $5,47 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 76% 9% Austria: Austria: $47,161/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 6, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health $5,334 5, 4, $4,3 Austria: 5 per 3, $3,52 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 2, 1, $811 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((51%)) allocated to health is high ((17%)) as a % of is high ((9%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 11 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Azerbaijan, 212 Azerbaijan spent 3.7 billion US$ 99% 1% - $398 per capita Spending by - 69% spent by 69% 23% Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan: $7,383/capita 68 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 4 $383 Azerbaijan: 38 per 3 $323 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $223 $73 $142 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is in Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia the median range as a % of ((32%)) Bulgaria Montenegro Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is low (()) as a % of is low ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 111

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belarus, 212 Belarus spent 3.2 billion US$ 1 - $339 per capita Spending by - 19% spent by 19% 77% 3% Belarus: Belarus: $6,726/capita 7 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 4 $383 Belarus: 15 per 3 $317 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $245 $62 $142 11% 5% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan 1 2 3 4 5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is low Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as a % of ((29%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 5% 1 15% 2 Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 2% 6% allocated to health is high ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 112 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belgium, 212 Belgium spent 52 billion US$ 1 - $4,711 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 76% Belgium: Belgium: $43,641/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $4,661 $31,8/capita 4,5 health Belgium: 5 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $3,539 $917 $3,52 $2,39 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((55%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) as a % of is high (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 113

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bosnia and Herzegovina, 212 Bosnia and Herzegovina spent 1.7 billion US$ 9 2% - $447 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 71% 1% Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosnia and Herzegovina: $4,517/capita 76 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 $442 4 $383 Bosnia and Herzegovina: 9 per EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $315 $123 $142 2 12% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia high as a % of ((42%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is high ((17%)) as a % of is high ((7%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 114 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bulgaria, 212 Bulgaria spent 3.8 billion US$ 1 - $516 per capita Spending by - 42% spent by 42% 56% 1% Bulgaria: Bulgaria: $6,95/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 $428 4 $383 Bulgaria: 13 per 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $241 $181 $142 11% 5% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan 1 2 3 4 5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is in Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia the median range as a % of ((36%)) Bulgaria Montenegro Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 5% 1 15% 2 Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 2% 6% allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 115

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Croatia, 212 Croatia spent 3.9 billion US$ 1 - $98 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 82% Croatia: Croatia: $13,312/capita 76 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Croatia: 14 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $934 $769 $474 $13 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((37%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) as a % of is low ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 116 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cyprus, 212 Cyprus spent 1.7 billion US$ 1 - $1,949 per capita Spending by - 49% spent by 49% 43% 7% Cyprus: Cyprus: $26,643/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Cyprus: 1 per 2,5 2, $1,926 $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, $953 $831 5 $474 6% 2% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((46%)) allocated to health is low ((7%)) as a % of is low ((3%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 117

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Czech Republic, 212 Czech Republic spent 15 billion US$ 1 - $1,432 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 85% 1% Czech Republic: Czech Republic: $18,688/capita 77 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Czech Republic: 8 per 2,5 2, $2,39 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1,5 1, 5 $1,459 $1,238 $474 $27 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((4)) allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 118 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Denmark, 212 Denmark spent 35 billion US$ 1 - $6,34 per capita Spending by - 13% spent by 13% 86% 2% Denmark: Denmark: $56,311/capita 79 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 7, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health $6,321 6, 5, $5,47 Denmark: 5 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3, 2, 1, $797 $3,52 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((6)) allocated to health is high (()) as a % of is high ((1)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 119

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Estonia, 212 Estonia spent 1.3 billion US$ 1 - $1,1 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 8 2% Estonia: Estonia: $16,998/capita 75 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Estonia: 12 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $952 $76 $474 $175 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((41%)) allocated to health is low ((12%)) as a % of is low ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 12 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Finland, 212 Finland spent 23 billion US$ 1 - $4,232 per capita Spending by - 19% spent by 19% 75% 6% Finland: Finland: $46,261/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 4,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita $4,117 4, health Finland: 8 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $3,15 $766 $3,52 $2,39 $474 11% 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((56%)) allocated to health is low ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((7%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 121

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: France, 212 France spent 36 billion US$ 1 - $4,69 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 77% France: France: $39,923/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $4,693 $31,8/capita 4,5 health France: 8 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, $3,611 $3,52 $2,39 5 $347 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((57%)) allocated to health is high (()) as a % of is high ((9%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 122 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Georgia, 212 Georgia spent 1.5 billion US$ 97% 3% - $333 per capita Spending by - 65% spent by 65% 1 17% Georgia: Georgia: $3,632/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 3 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years $278 health 25 $216 2 $18 Georgia: 48 per 15 EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 1 5 $5 $111 $96 6% 2% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((32%)) Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Ukraine Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is low ((5%)) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 123

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Germany, 212 Germany spent 383 billion US$ 1 - $4,683 per capita Spending by - 12% spent by 12% 76% 12% Germany: Germany: $41,56/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $4,728 $31,8/capita 4,5 health Germany: 7 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $3,67 $57 $3,52 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((45%)) allocated to health is high ((19%)) as a % of is high ((9%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 124 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Greece, 212 Greece spent 23 billion US$ 1 - $2,44 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 6 3% Greece: Greece: $22,5/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Greece: 2 per 2,5 2, $2,12 $2,39 1,5 $1,419 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $624 $474 11% 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((55%)) allocated to health is low ((11%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 125

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Hungary, 212 Hungary spent 9.8 billion US$ 1 - $987 per capita Spending by - 27% spent by 27% 6 9% Hungary: Hungary: $12,615/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 1,2 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years health 1, $1,4 8 Hungary: 13 per EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $639 $272 $562 $383 $142 11% 5% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia high as a % of ((49%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 126 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iceland, 212 Iceland spent 1.2 billion US$ 1 - $3,872 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 81% 1% Iceland: Iceland: $42,733/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 4,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 4, health $3,724 3,5 3, $3,4 2,5 Iceland: 5 per 2, 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $667 $3,52 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((46%)) allocated to health is high (()) as a % of is high ((7%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 127

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ireland, 212 Ireland spent 17 billion US$ 1 - $3,78 per capita Spending by - 15% spent by 15% 6 21% Ireland: Ireland: $45,867/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 4,5 health Ireland: 3 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $3,743 $2,412 $562 $3,52 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((42%)) allocated to health is low ((12%)) as a % of is low ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 128 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Israel, 212 Israel spent 18 billion US$ 1 - $2,289 per capita Spending by - 25% spent by 25% 62% 13% Israel: Israel: $3,494/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Israel: 7 per 2,5 2, $2,223 $2,39 1,5 $1,372 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $556 $474 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((45%)) allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is low ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 129

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Italy, 212 Italy spent 184 billion US$ 1 - $3,32 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 7 2% Italy: Italy: $33,81/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,34 $3,52 Italy: 5 per 2,5 2, $2,372 $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $614 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((51%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) as a % of is high ((7%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 13 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kazakhstan, 212 Kazakhstan spent 8.5 billion US$ 1 - $521 per capita Spending by - 42% spent by 42% 5 1% Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan: $12,455/capita 64 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 $435 4 $383 Kazakhstan: 45 per EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $251 $181 $142 12% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is low Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as a % of ((22%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 131

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kyrgyzstan, 212 Kyrgyzstan spent 462 million US$ 8 12% - $84 per capita Spending by - 35% spent by 35% 6 5% Kyrgyzstan: Kyrgyzstan: $1,183/capita 66 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years health $216 2 15 Kyrgyzstan: 81 per 1 $111 $96 EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 5 $66 $39 $23 12% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is high ((12%)) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 132 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Latvia, 212 Latvia spent 1.6 billion US$ 1 - $792 per capita Spending by - 37% spent by 37% 57% 6% Latvia: Latvia: $13,239/capita 72 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Latvia: 2 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $759 $431 $284 $474 11% 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((3)) allocated to health is low ((9%)) as a % of is low ((3%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 133

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lithuania, 212 Lithuania spent 2.7 billion US$ 97% 3% - $859 per capita Spending by - 29% spent by 29% 71% 1% Lithuania: Lithuania: $12,915/capita 73 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Lithuania: 13 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $823 $583 $235 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((37%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is low ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 134 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Luxembourg, 212 Luxembourg spent 3.9 billion US$ 1 - $7,452 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 8 Luxembourg: Luxembourg: $18,756/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 8, health Luxembourg: 17 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $7,38 $5,945 $3,52 $2,39 1, $791 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((43%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 135

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malta, 212 Malta spent 772 million US$ 1 - $1,835 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 66% 2% Malta: Malta: $2,184/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Malta: 8 per 2,5 2, $1,819 $2,39 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1,5 1, 5 $1,193 $587 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((45%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 136 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Monaco, 212 Monaco spent 252 million US$ 1 - $6,78 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 89% Monaco: Monaco: $152,481/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 7, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $6,722 $31,8/capita health 6, $5,953 5, Monaco: per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3, 2, 1, $3,52 $2,39 $47 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((21%)) allocated to health is high ((19%)) as a % of is low (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 137

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Montenegro, 212 Montenegro spent 36 million US$ 99% 1% - $493 per capita Spending by - 37% spent by 37% 6 Montenegro: Montenegro: $6,514/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 $493 4 $383 Montenegro: 15 per 3 $294 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $181 $142 2 12% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan 1 2 3 4 5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia high as a % of ((45%)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 5% 1 15% 2 Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 2% 6% allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is in the medain range ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 138 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Netherlands, 212 Netherlands spent 96 billion US$ 1 - $5,737 per capita Spending by - 6% spent by 6% 8 15% Netherlands: Netherlands: $46,128/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 6, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $5,8 $31,8/capita health 5, $4,629 4, Netherlands: 9 per 3, $3,52 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 2, 1, $2,39 $324 $474 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((5)) allocated to health is high ((2)) as a % of is high ((1)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 139

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Norway, 212 Norway spent 45 billion US$ 1 - $9,55 per capita Spending by - 13% spent by 13% 85% 1% Norway: Norway: $1,511/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 8, health $7,947 Norway: 7 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $6,761 $3,52 $2,39 1, $1,68 $474 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((43%)) allocated to health is high ((1)) as a % of is high (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 14 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Poland, 212 Poland spent 33 billion US$ 1 - $854 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 7 7% Poland: Poland: $12,711/capita 76 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Poland: 6 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $872 $611 $474 $199 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((42%)) allocated to health is low ((11%)) as a % of is low ((5%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 141

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Portugal, 212 Portugal spent 2 billion US$ 1 - $1,95 per capita Spending by - 32% spent by 32% 63% 6% Portugal: Portugal: $2,16/capita 79 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Portugal: 7 per 2,5 2, $1,956 $2,39 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1,5 1, 5 $1,225 $619 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((47%)) allocated to health is low ((12%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 142 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Moldova, 212 Republic of Moldova spent 85 million US$ 93% 7% - $239 per capita Spending by - 45% spent by 45% 46% 9% Republic of Moldova: Republic of Moldova: $2,38/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years $242 health $216 2 15 Republic of Moldova: 32 per 1 $11 $111 $96 EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 5 2 12% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Ukraine Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is high ((13%)) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 143

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Romania, 212 Romania spent 8.9 billion US$ 1 - $42 per capita Spending by - 22% spent by 22% 7 Romania: Romania: $8,212/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 $42 4 $383 $326 Romania: 27 per 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $91 $142 11% 5% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan 1 2 3 4 5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is in Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia the median range as a % of ((35%)) Bulgaria Montenegro Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 5% 1 15% 2 Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan 2% 6% allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) as a % of is in the medain range (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 144 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Russian Federation, 212 Russian Federation spent 127 billion US$ 1 - $887 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 61% 5% Russian Federation: Russian Federation: $14,178/capita 68 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Russian Federation: 39 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $719 $438 $247 $474 11% 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((37%)) allocated to health is low ((1)) as a % of is low (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 145

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: San Marino, 212 San Marino spent 121 million US$ 1 - $3,792 per capita Spending by - 12% spent by 12% 87% 1% San Marino: San Marino: $58,7/capita 83 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 4,5 health San Marino: per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, $3,744 $3,264 $3,52 $2,39 5 $46 $474 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((43%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 146 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Serbia, 212 Serbia spent 4. billion US$ 1 - $561 per capita Spending by - 37% spent by 37% 61% 2% Serbia: Serbia: $5,36/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $555 $562 health 5 4 $383 $34 Serbia: 8 per 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $26 $142 12% expenditure () % Hungary Serbia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey Bulgaria Romania The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Azerbaijan Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Serbia Hungary Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia high as a % of ((4)) Bulgaria Romania Hungary Montenegro Albania Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Montenegro Bulgaria Romania Belarus Albania Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan allocated to health is high ((13%)) as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 147

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovakia, 212 Slovakia spent 7.2 billion US$ 1 - $1,326 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 71% 7% Slovakia: Slovakia: $16,99/capita 75 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Slovakia: 6 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 $1,327 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, $935 5 $33 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((37%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) as a % of is low ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 148 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovenia, 212 Slovenia spent 4. billion US$ 1 - $1,942 per capita Spending by - 12% spent by 12% 73% 15% Slovenia: Slovenia: $22,169/capita 79 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $3,52 Slovenia: 18 per 2,5 2, $1,974 $2,39 1,5 $1,447 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $236 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((49%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 149

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Spain, 212 Spain spent 13 billion US$ 1 - $2,88 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 7 6% Spain: Spain: $29,191/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 3,5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita health 3, $2,863 2,5 Spain: 6 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 2, 1,5 1, 5 $2,16 $58 $3,52 $2,39 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((47%)) allocated to health is in the median range ((15%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((7%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 15 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sweden, 212 Sweden spent 5 billion US$ 1 - $5,319 per capita Spending by - spent by 82% 2% Sweden: Sweden: $55,339/capita 81 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 5, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $4,98 $31,8/capita 4,5 health Sweden: 5 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $4,9 $791 $3,52 $2,39 $474 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((52%)) allocated to health is high ((15%)) as a % of is high (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 151

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Switzerland, 212 Switzerland spent 71 billion US$ 1 - $8,98 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 62% 1 Switzerland: Switzerland: $79,51/capita 82 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 9, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 8, health $8,51 Switzerland: 1 per EUR hi income countries: 1 per 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, $4,966 $2,266 $3,52 $2,39 1, $474 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((3)) allocated to health is high ((21%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((7%)) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 152 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tajikistan, 212 Tajikistan spent 44 million US$ 91% 9% - $55 per capita Spending by - 6 spent by 6 3 1 Tajikistan: Tajikistan: $953/capita 68 years 212 average of low EUR income EUR low income EUR low income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $953/capita countries: 68 years health 5 $47 4 Tajikistan: 64 per EUR low income countries: 64 per 3 2 1 $28 $14 $55 $33 $16 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Among low EUR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((25%)) Tajikistan Tajikistan Tajikistan allocated to health is in the median range ((7%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 2% 6% 112%112 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 153

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkey, 212 Turkey spent 5 billion US$ 1 - $665 per capita Spending by - 17% spent by 17% 7 9% Turkey: Turkey: $1,557/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years 7 health $689 6 5 $59 $562 Turkey: 23 per 4 $383 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $116 $142 11% 5% expenditure () % Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Montenegro Serbia Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is in Turkey Turkey The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia the median range as a % of ((36%)) Bulgaria Bulgaria Montenegro Romania Romania Bulgaria The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Romania allocated to health is in the median Azerbaijan Belarus Hungary Montenegro Belarus Albania range ((13%)) Albania Albania Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan as a % of is high ((5%)) Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 154 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkmenistan, 212 Turkmenistan spent 666 million US$ 99% 1% - $129 per capita Spending by - 37% spent by 37% 63% Turkmenistan: Turkmenistan: $6,511/capita 63 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years $562 health 5 4 $383 Turkmenistan: 77 per 3 EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 2 1 $11 $7 $4 $142 12% expenditure () % Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaSerbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Montenegro Serbia Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is low Turkey Bulgaria Turkey Bulgaria The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as a % of ((1)) Montenegro Romania Romania Bulgaria The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaKazakhstan Romania allocated to health is low ((9%)) Azerbaijan Hungary Belarus Belarus Montenegro Albania Albania Albania Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan as a % of is low ((1%)) Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 155

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ukraine, 212 Ukraine spent 13 billion US$ 99% 1% - $293 per capita Spending by - 42% spent by 42% 55% 3% Ukraine: Ukraine: $3,872/capita 68 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years $239 health $216 2 15 Ukraine: 26 per 1 $131 $11 $111 $96 EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 5 12% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((36%)) Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Ukraine Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is in the median range ((12%)) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 156 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Kingdom, 212 United Kingdom spent 23 billion US$ 1 - $3,647 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 83% United Kingdom: United Kingdom: $38,657/capita 8 years 212 average of hi EUR income EUR hi income EUR hi income 4, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 79 years $31,8/capita 3,5 health $3,437 3, $2,835 $3,52 United Kingdom: 12 per 2,5 2, $2,39 1,5 EUR hi income countries: 1 per 1, 5 $342 $474 2 12% expenditure () % Denmark France Finland Belgium Greece Sweden Austria Italy Netherlands Slovenia United Kingdom Portugal Spain Iceland Cyprus Germany Malta Israel Czech Republic San Marino Norway Luxembourg Poland Ireland Estonia Latvia Slovakia Croatia Russian Federation Lithuania Switzerland Monaco Andorra 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Switzerland Netherlands Germany Monaco Norway Austria Denmark United Kingdom France Iceland Sweden Croatia Spain Belgium Slovakia Czech Republic Italy Luxembourg Malta San Marino Slovenia Lithuania Portugal Ireland Finland Estonia Greece Poland Israel Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus Andorra 5% 1 15% 2 25% Netherlands Denmark France Austria Germany Belgium Sweden United Kingdom Norway Iceland Italy Spain Switzerland Finland Czech Republic Slovenia Andorra Greece Malta Portugal Luxembourg San Marino Croatia Slovakia Ireland Estonia Lithuania Poland Israel Monaco Russian Federation Latvia Cyprus 2% 6% 1 12% Among hi EUR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((49%)) allocated to health is high (()) as a % of is high (()) Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 157

Countries in WHO European Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uzbekistan, 212 Uzbekistan spent 3. billion US$ 99% 1% - $15 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 53% 3% Uzbekistan: Uzbekistan: $1,789/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid EUR income EUR low-mid income EUR low-mid income 25 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,951/capita countries: 69 years health $216 2 15 Uzbekistan: 3 per 1 $94 $111 $96 EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 1, live births 5 $5 $42 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova Among low-mid EUR countries: Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((32%)) Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Georgia Armenia Armenia Armenia Georgia Georgia as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 158 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 212 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia spent 689 million US$ 99% 1% - $327 per capita Spending by - 36% spent by 36% 6 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: $4,59/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid EUR income 6 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries EUR up-mid income EUR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $9,333/capita countries: 72 years 55 $562 5 health The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: 9 per EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 1, live births 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 $326 $29 $117 $383 $142 5 2 12% expenditure () % the region Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Serbia Among up-mid EUR countries: Montenegro Serbia Hungary Bosnia and Herzegovina Belarus Turkey Total government expenditure is in the Turkey Bulgaria Turkey Bulgaria The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia median range as a % of ((3)) Montenegro Romania Romania Bulgaria The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Kazakhstan Romania allocated to health is high ((1)) Azerbaijan Hungary Belarus Belarus Montenegro Albania Albania Albania Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan as a % of is in the medain range ((5%)) Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 159

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Afghanistan Bahrain Djibouti Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Pakistan Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen Morocco 16 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Afghanistan, 212 Afghanistan spent 1.7 billion US$ 7 22% - $51 per capita Spending by - 7 spent by 7 21% 5% Afghanistan: Afghanistan: $595/capita 48 years 212 average of low EMR income EMR low income EMR low income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $595/capita countries: 5 years health 5 $46 4 $34 Afghanistan: 1,4 per 3 $51 $38 EMR low income countries: 1,3 per 2 1 $1 $11 6% 2% expenditure () % Among low EMR countries: Afghanistan Afghanistan Afghanistan Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((25%)) allocated to health is high ((7%)) Somalia Somalia Somalia as a % of is high ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 161

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahrain, 212 Bahrain spent 1.2 billion US$ 1 - $895 per capita Spending by - spent by 72% 12% Bahrain: Bahrain: $23,39/capita 74 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 1,1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita 1, health 9 8 $8 Bahrain: 19 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $575 $132 $986 $694 $173 11% 5% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((29%)) Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is high ((1)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is high ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 162 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Djibouti, 212 Djibouti spent 119 million US$ 87% 13% - $129 per capita Spending by - 4 spent by 4 6 Djibouti: Djibouti: $1,467/capita 6 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 12 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years $117 health 1 $88 8 $7 Djibouti: 3 per 6 $53 $47 4 EMR low-mid income $31 countries: 251 per 1, live births 2 6 5 4 3 2 1 expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((37%)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is high ((1)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is high ((5%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 163

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 212 Egypt spent 13 billion US$ 1 - $152 per capita Spending by - 6 spent by 6 39% 1% Egypt: Egypt: $3,33/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years $133 health 12 1 $88 Egypt: 82 per 8 $79 EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 6 4 $52 $53 $31 2 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((33%)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 164 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 212 Egypt spent 13 billion US$ 1 - $152 per capita Spending by - 6 spent by 6 39% 1% Egypt: Egypt: $3,33/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years $133 health 12 1 $88 Egypt: 82 per 8 $79 EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 6 4 $52 $53 $31 2 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((33%)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 165

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iraq, 212 Iraq spent 7.7 billion US$ 1 - $226 per capita Spending by - 46% spent by 46% 5 Iraq: Iraq: $6,39/capita 66 years 212 average of up-mid EMR income EMR up-mid income EMR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $7,57/capita countries: 72 years $414 4 health Iraq: 75 per EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $172 $92 $8 $194 $191 6% 5% 3% 2% 1% expenditure () % Libya Jordan Jordan Among up-mid EMR countries: Iraq Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((43%)) Jordan Tunisia Libya Lebanon Libya Iran (Islamic Republic of) allocated to health is low (()) Tunisia Lebanon Lebanon Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Iraq as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 166 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jordan, 212 Jordan spent 2.7 billion US$ 96% - $388 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 63% Jordan: Jordan: $3,946/capita 71 years 212 average of up-mid EMR income EMR up-mid income EMR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $7,57/capita countries: 72 years $414 4 health Jordan: 59 per EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $347 $219 $99 $194 $191 2 12% expenditure () % Libya Jordan Jordan Among up-mid EMR countries: Iraq Jordan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Tunisia Libya Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Lebanon Libya Iran (Islamic Republic of) allocated to health is high ((1)) Tunisia Lebanon Lebanon Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Iraq as a % of is high ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 167

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kuwait, 212 Kuwait spent 4.6 billion US$ 1 - $1,428 per capita Spending by - spent by 83% 2% Kuwait: Kuwait: $56,367/capita 78 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 2, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita 1,8 health Kuwait: 9 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 $1,44 $862 $986 $694 2 $165 $173 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((37%)) Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 168 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lebanon, 212 Lebanon spent 3. billion US$ 99% 1% - $65 per capita Spending by - 39% spent by 39% 29% 32% Lebanon: Lebanon: $8,897/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid EMR income EMR up-mid income EMR up-mid income 1,1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $7,57/capita countries: 72 years 1, health Lebanon: 26 per EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 1, live births 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $587 $227 $172 $414 $194 $191 12% expenditure () % Libya Jordan Jordan Among up-mid EMR countries: Iraq Jordan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Tunisia Libya Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((32%)) Lebanon Libya Iran (Islamic Republic of) allocated to health is low ((7%)) Tunisia Lebanon Lebanon Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Iraq as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 169

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Libya, 212 Libya spent 3.7 billion US$ 1 - $578 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 77% Libya: Libya: $14,88/capita 72 years 212 average of up-mid EMR income EMR up-mid income EMR up-mid income 5 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $7,57/capita countries: 72 years 45 health $445 $414 4 35 $344 3 Libya: 64 per 25 EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 1, live births 2 15 1 5 $11 $194 $191 6% 2% expenditure () % Libya Jordan Jordan Among up-mid EMR countries: Iraq Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((4)) Jordan Tunisia Libya Lebanon Libya Iran (Islamic Republic of) allocated to health is in the median range ((7%)) Tunisia Lebanon Lebanon Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Iraq as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 17 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Morocco, 212 Morocco spent 6.2 billion US$ 1 - $19 per capita Spending by - 59% spent by 59% 33% Morocco: Morocco: $2,974/capita 73 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 2 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years $194 18 health Morocco: 11 per EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 $114 $65 $88 $53 $31 6% 2% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is high ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 171

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Oman, 212 Oman spent 2. billion US$ 1 - $69 per capita Spending by - 12% spent by 12% 8 Oman: Oman: $26,33/capita 74 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 1,1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita 1, health 9 8 Oman: 2 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $547 $44 $66 $986 $694 $173 6% 2% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((3)) Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is low ((6%)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 172 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Pakistan, 212 Pakistan spent 6. billion US$ 95% 5% - $34 per capita Spending by - 55% spent by 55% 37% Pakistan: Pakistan: $1,252/capita 63 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 9 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years $88 8 health Pakistan: 26 per EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $28 $15 $1 $53 $31 5% 3% 2% 1% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((21%)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is low ((5%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is low ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 173

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Qatar, 212 Qatar spent 4.2 billion US$ 1 - $2,29 per capita Spending by - 9% spent by 9% 8 Qatar: Qatar: $93,832/capita 78 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 3, Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita health 2,5 2, Qatar: 8 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 1,5 1, 5 $1,583 $1,324 $986 $694 $135 $173 11% 5% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is low ((5%)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 174 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saudi Arabia, 212 Saudi Arabia spent 23 billion US$ 1 - $795 per capita Spending by - 19% spent by 19% 66% Saudi Arabia: Saudi Arabia: $24,771/capita 72 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 1,1 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita 1, health 9 8 Saudi Arabia: 24 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $672 $442 $126 $986 $694 $173 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((37%)) Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is high ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 175

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Somalia, 212 Somalia spent billion US$ - $ per capita Spending by - spent by Somalia: Somalia: $/capita 51 years 212 average of low EMR income EMR low income EMR low income 6 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $595/capita countries: 5 years health 5 4 Somalia: 1,2 per 3 $51 $38 EMR low income countries: 1,3 per 2 1 $11 5% 3% 2% 1% expenditure () % Among low EMR countries: Afghanistan Afghanistan Afghanistan Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) allocated to health is low (()) Somalia Somalia Somalia as a % of is low (()) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 176 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sudan, 212 Sudan spent 4.3 billion US$ 9 2% - $115 per capita Spending by - 7 spent by 7 23% 3% Sudan: Sudan: $1,58/capita 59 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years health 12 Sudan: 75 per EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 1 8 6 4 2 $11 $81 $26 $88 $53 $31 11% 5% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is low as a % of (()) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is high ((11%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 177

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Syrian Arab Republic, 212 Syrian Arab Republic spent 2.2 billion US$ 99% 1% - $15 per capita Spending by - 5 spent by 5 46% Syrian Arab Republic: Syrian Arab Republic: $3,77/capita 74 years 212 average of low-mid EMR income EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 14 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $1,927/capita countries: 66 years health 12 1 $92 $88 Syrian Arab Republic: 46 8 per EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $5 $42 $53 $31 6% 2% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco Djibouti Sudan Morocco Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is in the median range ((6%)) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is in the medain range ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 178 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tunisia, 212 Tunisia spent 3.2 billion US$ 1 - $297 per capita Spending by - 36% spent by 36% 59% 5% Tunisia: Tunisia: $4,216/capita 75 years 212 average of up-mid EMR income EMR up-mid income EMR up-mid income 45 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $7,57/capita countries: 72 years $414 4 health Tunisia: 6 per EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 1, live births 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 $297 $175 $15 $194 $191 11% 5% expenditure () % Libya Jordan Jordan Among up-mid EMR countries: Iraq Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((31%)) Jordan Tunisia Libya Lebanon Libya Iran (Islamic Republic of) allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) Tunisia Lebanon Lebanon Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Iraq as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 179

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Arab Emirates, 212 United Arab Emirates spent 11 billion US$ 1 - $1,343 per capita Spending by - 2 spent by 2 6 12% United Arab Emirates: United Arab Emirates: $47,348/capita 78 years 212 average of hi EMR income EMR hi income EMR hi income 1,8 Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 76 years $34,42/capita 1,6 health United Arab Emirates: 1 per EMR hi income countries: 15 per 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 $1,9 $739 $986 $694 2 $222 $173 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Oman Bahrain Bahrain Among hi EMR countries: Kuwait United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((21%)) Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Oman Qatar Kuwait Kuwait allocated to health is high ((9%)) Bahrain Oman United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Qatar Qatar as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 2% Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 18 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Yemen, 212 Yemen spent 1.8 billion US$ 96% - $71 per capita Spending by - 72% spent by 72% 27% 1% Expenditure by government Yemen: Yemen: $1,284/capita years 212 average of low-mid EMR income Total expenditure on health countries EMR low-mid income EMR low-mid income 7 countries: $1,927/capita countries: years 6 health Yemen: per EMR low-mid income countries: per 1, live births 5 4 3 2 1 $44 $32 $12 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Yemen Djibouti Morocco expenditure on health % Djibouti Sudan Morocco expenditure on health % Djibouti Morocco Egypt Among low-mid EMR countries: Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((3)) Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Syrian Arab Republic allocated to health is low (()) Pakistan Sudan Pakistan Yemen Yemen Pakistan as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5% 1 15% 2 2% 6% Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization (nhaweb@who.int) Footnote: All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 1 within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE. Eg. Sum of (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted. We recommend further reading on this, in the Glossary of terms in the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/ WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 1 because of rounding. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. 181

WHO Western Pacific Region Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Lao People s Democratic Republic Malaysia Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Viet Nam Nauru 182 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Australia, 212 Australia spent 141 billion US$ 1 - $6,14 per capita Spending by - 19% spent by 19% 67% 15% Australia: Australia: $67,241/capita 82 years 212 average of hi WPR income 6, Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years $5,274 $43,291/capita 5, health 4, $4,78 Australia: 8 per 3, $3,529 $3,118 2, WPR hi income countries: 13 per 1, $976 $719 2 12% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 183

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brunei Darussalam, 212 Brunei Darussalam spent 387 million US$ 1 - $939 per capita Spending by - spent by 92% Brunei Darussalam: Brunei Darussalam: $41,126/capita 77 years 212 average of hi WPR income 4,5 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years 4, $43,291/capita health 3,5 3, $4,78 $3,118 Brunei Darussalam: 21 per 2,5 2, 1,5 WPR hi income countries: 13 per 1, 5 $657 $716 $719 $58 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is low ((6%)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 184 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cambodia, 212 Cambodia spent 763 million US$ 85% 15% - $51 per capita Spending by - 62% spent by 62% 25% 1 Cambodia: Cambodia: $946/capita 61 years 212 average of low WPR income 55 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR low income WPR low income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $946/capita countries: 61 years 5 $47 45 health $51 Cambodia: 29 per 4 35 3 25 $29 $32 WPR low income countries: 29 per 1, live births 2 15 1 5 $12 $13 2 12% expenditure () % the region Among low WPR countries: Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((2)) Cambodia Cambodia Cambodia allocated to health is in the median range ((7%)) as a % of is in the medain range ((1%)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5% 1 15% 2 25% 3 35% 4 2% 6% 112%112 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 185

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: China, 212 China spent 445 billion US$ 1 - $322 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 56% 1 China: China: $5,941/capita 74 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 35 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $324 countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 3 health $27 25 China: 38 per 2 15 $151 $181 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 1 5 $93 $111 12% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is low ((3%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 186 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cook Islands, 212 Cook Islands spent 1 million US$ 96% - $511 per capita Spending by - 9% spent by 9% 91% Cook Islands: Cook Islands: $14,913/capita 76 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 7 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 6 health 5 4 $445 $46 Cook Islands: per 3 $324 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 2 1 $4 $181 $111 11% 5% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((33%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 187

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Fiji, 212 Fiji spent 155 million US$ 93% 7% - $177 per capita Spending by - 23% spent by 23% 65% 13% Fiji: Fiji: $4,438/capita 69 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 35 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $324 countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 3 health 25 Fiji: 26 per 2 15 $151 $181 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 1 5 $98 $34 $111 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((29%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is low ((9%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is low ((3%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 188 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Japan, 212 Japan spent 61 billion US$ 1 - $4,752 per capita Spending by - 1 spent by 1 82% 3% Japan: Japan: $47,17/capita 83 years 212 average of hi WPR income 5, Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years 4,5 $4,437 $43,291/capita health 4, Japan: 6 per WPR hi income countries: 13 per 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 $3,66 $626 $4,78 $3,118 $719 2 12% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((43%)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is high ((19%)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is high (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 189

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kiribati, 212 Kiribati spent 19 million US$ 9 6% - $187 per capita Spending by - spent by 83% 17% Kiribati: Kiribati: $1,743/capita 68 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 25 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years health 2 $17 15 $14 Kiribati: per 1 $111 WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 5 $53 $47 $ 11% 5% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((86%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is high ((9%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 19 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lao People's Democratic Republic, 212 Lao People's Democratic Republic spent 267 million US$ 7 22% - $4 per capita Spending by - 3 spent by 3 51% 11% Lao People's Democratic Republic: Lao People's Democratic Republic: $1,395/capita 63 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 1 health $111 8 Lao People's Democratic Republic: 58 per WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $36 $19 $14 $53 $47 2 12% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((2)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is low ((6%)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is low ((1%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 191

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malaysia, 212 Malaysia spent 12 billion US$ 1 - $419 per capita Spending by - 35% spent by 35% 55% 1 Malaysia: Malaysia: $1,381/capita 73 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 4 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $378 countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 35 health $324 3 25 Malaysia: 31 per WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 2 15 1 $28 $132 $181 $111 5 6% 2% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((39%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is low ((6%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is low ((2%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 192 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Marshall Islands, 212 Marshall Islands spent 31 million US$ 6 36% - $59 per capita Spending by - 13% spent by 13% 83% Marshall Islands: Marshall Islands: $3,773/capita 59 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 7 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 6 health $55 5 $454 4 Marshall Islands: per WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 3 2 1 $72 $324 $181 $111 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((53%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is high ((2)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is high ((13%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 193

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Micronesia (Federated States of), 212 Micronesia (Federated States of) spent 42 million US$ 3 7 - $45 per capita Spending by - 9% spent by 9% 9 Micronesia (Federated States of): Micronesia (Federated States of): $3,164/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 45 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 4 health $376 35 $34 3 25 Micronesia (Federated States of): per 2 15 WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 1 5 $36 $111 $53 $47 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Kiribati Micronesia (Federated States of) Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati the region Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((6)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is high ((1)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is high ((12%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 194 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mongolia, 212 Mongolia spent 649 million US$ 96% - $232 per capita Spending by - 35% spent by 35% 63% 3% Mongolia: Mongolia: $3,673/capita 69 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 2 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $185 countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 18 health 16 14 Mongolia: 65 per WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 12 1 8 6 4 2 $116 $64 $111 $53 $47 11% 5% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((4)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is low ((9%)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is in the medain range (()) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 195

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nauru, 212 Nauru spent 6 million US$ 52% 4 - $564 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 87% 5% Nauru: Nauru: $7,532/capita 6 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 8 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 7 health 6 5 Nauru: per 4 $361 3 $315 $324 WPR up-mid income 2 countries: 32 per 1, $181 live births 1 $111 $27 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((57%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is in the median range ((11%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is in the medain range ((7%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 196 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: New Zealand, 212 New Zealand spent 15 billion US$ 1 - $3,292 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 83% 6% New Zealand: New Zealand: $32,16/capita 81 years 212 average of hi WPR income 4,5 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years 4, $43,291/capita health 3,5 $3,359 3, $2,778 2,5 New Zealand: 14 per 2, $4,78 $3,118 1,5 WPR hi income countries: 13 per 1, 5 $367 $719 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((42%)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is high ((2)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is high ((9%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 197

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niue, 212 Niue spent 2 million US$ 3 62% - $1,27 per capita Spending by - 2% spent by 2% 9 Niue: Niue: $18,992/capita 72 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 6, Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 5, health Niue: per 4, 3, 2, WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 1, $ $324 $111 $181 5 4 3 2 1 expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((133%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is low ((5%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is in the medain range ((7%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 198 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Palau, 212 Palau spent 2 million US$ 65% 35% - $972 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 77% 12% Palau: Palau: $1,273/capita 72 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 1,8 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 1,6 health 1,4 1,2 Palau: per 1, 8 6 $937 $722 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 4 2 $99 $324 $181 $111 2 12% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((4)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is high (()) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is high ((7%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 199

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Papua New Guinea, 212 Papua New Guinea spent 814 million US$ 7 22% - $114 per capita Spending by - 9% spent by 9% 83% 7% Papua New Guinea: Papua New Guinea: $2,184/capita 63 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 1 health $111 8 $81 Papua New Guinea: 25 per 6 4 $67 $53 $47 WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 2 $8 12% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((31%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is high ((1)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is in the medain range (()) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 2 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Philippines, 212 Philippines spent 11 billion US$ 9 2% - $119 per capita Spending by - 52% spent by 52% 3 1 Philippines: Philippines: $2,588/capita 7 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 11 $15 1 health $111 Philippines: 94 per WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 $55 $4 $53 $47 1 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((17%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is low ((2%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 21

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Korea, 212 Republic of Korea spent 85 billion US$ 1 - $1,73 per capita Spending by - 36% spent by 36% 5 1 Republic of Korea: Republic of Korea: $22,59/capita 8 years 212 average of hi WPR income 4,5 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years 4, $43,291/capita health 3,5 3, $4,78 $3,118 2,5 Republic of Korea: 18 per 2, 1,5 $1,618 WPR hi income countries: 13 per 1, 5 $881 $583 $719 11% 5% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((3)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is in the medain range (()) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 22 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Samoa, 212 Samoa spent 46 million US$ 8 2 - $245 per capita Spending by - 7% spent by 7% 8 Samoa: Samoa: $3,598/capita 7 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 25 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years $218 health 2 $192 Samoa: per WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 15 1 5 $16 $111 $53 $47 12% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((45%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is in the medain range ((6%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 23

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Singapore, 212 Singapore spent 13 billion US$ 1 - $2,426 per capita Spending by - 59% spent by 59% 3 Singapore: Singapore: $52,141/capita 82 years 212 average of hi WPR income 4,5 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR hi income WPR hi income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: countries: 81 years 4, $43,291/capita health 3,5 3, $4,78 $3,118 2,5 Singapore: 9 per 2, $2,166 WPR hi income countries: 13 per 1,5 1, 5 $1,269 $814 $719 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % the region Japan New Zealand New Zealand Among hi WPR countries: New Zealand Japan Japan Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((15%)) Brunei Darussalam Australia Australia Australia Republic of Korea Republic of Korea allocated to health is low ((11%)) Republic of Korea Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore Brunei Darussalam Singapore as a % of is low ((2%)) 1 2 3 4 5 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 24 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Solomon Islands, 212 Solomon Islands spent 81 million US$ 4 52% - $148 per capita Spending by - 2% spent by 2% 96% 2% Solomon Islands: Solomon Islands: $1,835/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $112 countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years $18 1 health $111 8 Solomon Islands: 1 per 6 4 $53 $47 WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 2 $2 4 3 2 1 expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((39%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is high ((2)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is high (()) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 25

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tonga, 212 Tonga spent 25 million US$ 81% 19% - $238 per capita Spending by - 11% spent by 11% 8 5% Tonga: Tonga: $4,43/capita 71 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 35 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health $324 countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 3 health 25 Tonga: per 2 15 $22 $17 $181 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 1 5 $22 $111 3 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((35%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is in the median range ((13%)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is in the medain range ((5%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 26 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tuvalu, 212 Tuvalu spent 6 million US$ 8 12% - $577 per capita Spending by - spent by 1 Tuvalu: Tuvalu: $3,74/capita 64 years 212 average of up-mid WPR income 7 Total ex pendi ture on heal th countries WPR up-mid income WPR up-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $6,32/capita countries: 69 years 6 health 5 $51 4 Tuvalu: per 3 $324 WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 1, live births 2 1 $181 $111 $1 25% 2 15% 1 5% expenditure () % Niue Marshall Islands Tuvalu the region Tuvalu Tuvalu Marshall Islands Among up-mid WPR countries: Nauru Marshall Islands Palau Tonga Palau Niue Total government expenditure is high as a % of ((86%)) Palau China Nauru Malaysia Tonga Nauru Cook Islands Tonga Cook Islands allocated to health is high ((1)) Cook Islands Fiji China Fiji China Malaysia Niue Fiji Malaysia as a % of is high ((15%)) 1234567891 11 12 13 14 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 112%11 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 27

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Vanuatu, 212 Vanuatu spent 29 million US$ 71% 29% - $116 per capita Spending by - spent by 87% 6% Vanuatu: Vanuatu: $3,183/capita 71 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 16 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 14 health 12 $17 1 $92 Vanuatu: per 8 WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $8 $111 $53 $47 2 12% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is low as a % of ((23%)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is in the median range ((1)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is in the medain range ((3%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED 28 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 212 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Viet Nam, 212 Viet Nam spent 9.3 billion US$ 9 2% - $12 per capita Spending by - 49% spent by 49% 43% 9% Viet Nam: Viet Nam: $1,56/capita 72 years 212 average of low-mid WPR 12 Total ex pendi ture on heal th income countries WPR low-mid income WPR low-mid income Gov ernment expenditure on health countries: $2,95/capita countries: 69 years 1 health $111 8 $86 Viet Nam: 56 per WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 1, live births 6 4 2 $42 $36 $53 $47 12% 1 6% 2% expenditure () % Kiribati Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) the region Micronesia (Federated States of) Micronesia (Federated States of) Kiribati Among low-mid WPR countries: Samoa Mongolia Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Samoa Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of ((3)) Solomon Islands Samoa Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Kiribati Mongolia Vanuatu allocated to health is low ((9%)) Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Viet Nam Vanuatu Philippines Mongolia Lao People's Democratic Republic Philippines Lao People's Democratic Republic as a % of is low ((3%)) 123456789 5% 1 15% 2 25% 2% 6% 1 12% 1 Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than.5% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2 data will cover the fiscal year 1999 2). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 22, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 29

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation World Health Statistics 212 tables present data on government, private, external, social security and out-of-pocket expenditures on health. These data are generated from information that has been collected by WHO since 1999. The most comprehensive and consistent data on health financing are generated from national health accounts (NHAs) that collect expenditure information within an internationally recognized framework. NHAs trace financing as it flows from funding sources to decision-makers (who decide upon the use of the funds) and then to the providers and beneficiaries of health services. Not all countries maintain or update NHAs in such cases, data are obtained through technical contacts in the country or from publicly available documents and reports. Missing values are estimated using various accounting techniques depending upon the data available for each country. 32 WHO sends all such estimates to the respective ministries of health every year for validation. 32. To obtain the latest updates, a full series or more-disaggregated health expenditures including metadata and sources, please see: http://www.who.int/nha/ 21 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 211

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation 212 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 213

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation 214 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 215

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation 216 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 217

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation 218 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 219

World Health Statistics 212 tables Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation 22 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Technical documentation Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 21 World Health Statistics 212 tables Technical documentation WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas 221

Department of Health Systems Financing Health Systems Services Worl Health Organization ISBN 978 92 4 15444 7