Saint Pierre et Miquelon Coastline monitoring



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Transcription:

Saint Pierre et Miquelon Coastline monitoring Didier TREINSOUTROT Laure Chandelier Christelle Bosc Renaud Lagnous Muriel Raviola Pôle Applications Satellitaires et Télécommunications Space 4 You 27 & 28. 02. 2014 - Bari

Space for coastal management 2 kind of satellite altimetry Source : http://smsc.cnes.fr/swot/fr/ For different use Different kind of sensor Radar altimetry : Jason 2 & 3, AltiKa, Sea Surface Heigh Roughness Sentinel 3, SWOT... Radar : Cosmo-skymed, RadarSat2, Sea Surface current TerraSAR-X, Sentinel 1A/B / SMOS, Soil Moisture and Sea Surface Salinity SMAP, SMOS Next Surface Wind Images Pléiades - Lorient Source : http://smsc.cnes.fr/pleiades/fr Optic satellite : Landsat, Spot, Pléiades, Sentinel 2 Radiometer IR : MODIS Satellite IRT : Thirsty Satellite meteo, gravimetry Shoreline features, coastline Water quality Bathymetry Sea Surface Temperature En bleu : satellites futurs

Space benefits and limits Benefits Revisit capability ( 1-15 days) Spectral Resolution (large information) Spatial Resolution : different scales (50cm for Pleiades) Geographical coverage : capability to observe large area in a homogeneous way Time saving to get image and information Automatic treatment to get information from image (classifications, ) LIMITS Meteorological constraints (optic) High temporal repititivity VS high spatial resolution Not easily accessible for end-users (high level competencies) Cost, but pooling and projects to reduce costs Pléiades : 1 jour

Contexte de l'étude CEREMA's Study : Context Satellite application Plan MEDDE Action «Coastal Sustainable developement» coastline monitoring Large study for CETMEF Benefits of using satellite data for coastal managment State of the art Use for coastline monitoring Use for bathymetry measurements Methodological prototype Miquelon island ( 2013) 3 areas on St Pierre island (2013-2014)

CEREMA's Study : State of the art Photo-interprétation : same method as aerial photography With GIS software : on screen detection of coastline indicator 3D possible (stereo) Very accurate and robust But Necessity of experts Time consuming and potentially cost consuming Difficult to update for frequent monitoring Numérisation des ouvrages portuaires d'après image Spot 5,à Gauche, Orthophographie littorale de la zone considérée à droite. Superposition du trait de côte photointerprété sur SPOT5 (ligne jaune) Source : Norois, revues.org, Le Berre et al., 2005

CEREMA's Study : State of the art Semi-automatic coastline extraction Limit of underwater area with optic data (threshold, index, or classification) or radar (roughness) Evolution du trait de côte (contact terremer) en Guyane extrait à partir d'images Radar entre 2 dates (en bleu, juin 2000 sur image ERS, en rouge, mai 2001 sur Radarsat-HH) superposé à l'image Radarsat-HH de février 1997 (Baghdadi et al., 2004) Extraction du trait de côte par classification SVM, regroupement en 2 classes, images Pléiades Miquelon (Lagnous, CETE SO - 2013)

CEREMA's Study : State of the art Semi automatic treatments Mappy shoreline type of land cover (different class : water, sand, vegetation,...) Résultat de la classification et données terrain de la côte sableuse de la côte Aquitaine, images Formosat ( Lafon et al., 2010) www.geotransfert.epoc.u-bordeaux1.fr

CEREMA's Study : Application Area: Miquelon isthmus Type of coast : Loose material (sand, pebble ), with erosion ( 3 m / y) Zone de travail Exemples de trait de côte. Photos : DTAM 975 Types de côte à Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Space 4 You Bari 27 & 28.02.2014 Images : satellite Pléiades.

CEREMA's Study : Application DATA Orthoimages Pléiades : R,V,B, PIR Resolution 50cm Geometric accuracy : 1m Date : 1er may 2012 Source : Geosud (free for end-user) In situ coastline data From DTAM 975 Précision : some cm In situ Interprétation Date : mai / juin 2012 (?)

CEREMA's Study : Application Method Coastline = limit between 2 kind of land use Steps 1 : cartography of different kind of land use 2 : extract coastline as limit between 2 kind of land use 3 : évaluation Use of open software Orfeo Toolbox QGIS GRASS PCI AST algorithm

CEREMA's Study : Application Method Shorten area of work Zone de travail réduite Addition of index Exemple d'indice : le NDVI Classification et postreatment Résultat de la classification effectuée par la chaîne à 8 classes. Trait de côte obtenu. Évaluation Évaluation visuelle du trait de côte. Évaluation de la distance entre le trait de côte et les données de terrain.

CEREMA's Study : Application Method Several algorithms unsupervised classification K-Means supervised classification SVM combinaison of both (internal algorithm) Several nomenclatures Based on in situ data & observation orthoimage => 25 themes Based on morphological analysis & simplification => 8 themes/class

CEREMA's Study : Application RESULTS «CEREMA's algorithm 8 classes» F-score 20 Eau 15 Galets + 14 Galets - 13 Haut de plage 12 Plage 11 Bas de plage 3 Végétation N classe 1 Anthropisé Numerical quality indicator 0 1,000 0,855 0,586 0,911 0,773 0,672 1,000 1 Antropisé 3 Végétation 11 Bas de plage 12 Plage 13 Haut de plage 14 Galets 15 Galets + 20 Eau 20 Eau 15 Galets + 14 Galets - 13 Haut de plage 12 Plage 11 Bas de plage 3 Végétation 1 Bâti Classification SVM «chaîne 8 classes» F-Score Légende nomenclature chaîne 8 classes 22,15 77,85 10 84,45 0,40 7,59 4,50 2,78 0,28 0,01 87,98 11,90 0,04 0,07 3,72 9,14 87,14 0,22 2,28 0,46 78,27 18,77 3,50 0,54 0,09 29,15 66,73 10 Classification SVM «chaîne 8 classes» Matrice de confusion Illustration des classes retenues sur une zone de plage

CEREMA's Study : Results 8 classes dmoy=5,3m Removing gabions & berm dmoy=2,2m Mauvais Moyen Bon Évaluation visuelle de la classification à proximité du tdc Type d'indicateurs utilisés pour le levé du tdc Distance tdc extrait / levé terrain

CEREMA's Study : Results 8 classes Zone indicateur végétation Vegetation Classification obtenue Image Pléiades Données terrain(en rouge) et trait de côte (en bleu) correspondants.

CEREMA's Study : Results 8 classes Zone indicateur sable / galet Sand / Pebble Classification obtenue Image Pléiades Données terrain(en rouge) et trait de côte (en bleu) correspondants.

CEREMA's Study : Results 8 classes Zone indicateur galet Pebble Classification obtenue Image Pléiades Données terrain(en rouge) et trait de côte (en bleu) correspondants.

CEREMA's Study : criticism Method Rapid to use Take benefit of open software Interest for end user to have more than the coastline but the coastal king of land cover mapping Classification : Generally good results With gap for some kind of land cover Coastline Good precision (2,2m) Method to extract coastline to be improved Evaluation : Quality estimation based on in situ data not always relevant (different date? Not visible)

CEREMA's Study : To go further Reinforce the method : produce a tool for end-user Other tests of classification on other kind of coast (rock, 2014) Between 2 dates (evolution, 2014) Integrate DTM Broaden the analysis at the evolution of land cover and not only coastline Work on coasline indicator suggested by satellite data and not only thematic indicator (will of end-user to have homogeneous national definition)

CEREMA's Study : Perspectives Interets: 2 dates Orthoimage Pléiades 2012 (à gauche) et 2013 (à droite)

Perspectives : St Pierre Intérêt : 2 dates

Perspectives : St Pierre Intérêt : 2 dates

END