Name: Class: Date: Ch.1 Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. technology e. democracy b. diffusion f. extended family c. exports g. interdependence d. climate 1. goods sent to markets outside a country 2. a country s need for goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world 3. the average weather of a place over a period of 20 to 30 years 4. a form of government in which the people have supreme power 5. the skills and tools a people use 6. the movement of customs or ideas from one place to another 7. several generations living in one household Match each item with the correct statement below. a. monotheism e. republic b. imports f. plains c. racism g. subculture d. location 8. the position of a place on the Earth s surface 9. the worship of one god 10. a group with a society that shares beliefs, values, and customs 11. belief that one racial group is naturally superior to another 12. form of democracy in which the people choose the leaders who represent them 13. areas of fairly level or gently rolling land 14. goods brought into a country Match each item with the correct statement below. a. nomads e. westernization b. archaeologist f. cash crop c. capital g. tariff d. urbanization h. literacy 15. a scientist who studies the objects left by people who lived long ago 16. the movement to adopt western culture 17. the ability to read and write 18. people who travel from place to place in search of food 19. a tax on goods imported into a country 20. the growth of cities 21. money that is invested in business ventures 22. a crop that is raised to be sold on the world market 1
Name: Match each item with the correct statement below. a. population density e. imperialism b. entrepreneurs f. modernization c. civilization g. artisans d. privatization h. nationalism 23. a highly organized group of people with its own language and way of life 24. the average number of people living in an area of specific size 25. skilled craftworkers 26. people who risk their money to set up a business hoping to make a profit 27. pride in and loyalty to one s country 28. the control of a country s political, economic, or cultural life by another country 29. making a country s government and economy more current 30. selling state-owned industries to private investors Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 31. Which of the following characteristics are used by geographers to define a region? a. physical characteristics such as landforms or climate b. cultural characteristics such as religion or language c. political characteristics such as nations d. all of the above 32. Which of the following is a true statement about maps and globes? a. Globes are more accurate than maps at giving a true picture of the size of landmasses and distances across oceans. b. Globes are more convenient than maps to carry around. c. Maps are more accurate than globes at giving a true picture of the size of landmasses and distances across oceans. d. Globes distort the size of landmasses. 33. The area called the breadbasket of North America is located in the a. mountains. c. plateau. b. plains. d. hills. 34. In most cultures, rules about stealing and murder are enforced by a. social pressure. c. family leaders. b. law. d. custom. 35. An economic system in which individuals make some economic decisions and government makes other economic decisions is called a a. traditional economy. c. command economy. b. market economy. d. mixed economy. 36. The worldwide popularity of rock music is an example of a. technology. c. diffusion. b. environment change. d. ethnocentrism. 37. Judging other cultures by the standards of your own culture is an example of a. racism. c. diffusion. b. ethnocentrism. d. environmental change. 2
Name: 38. Which generalization best describes the interaction that occurs between people and the environment? a. Until recently, people have been unable to control their environment. b. In the past, people moved to avoid living in the same environment. c. People have both adapted to and changed the environment in which they live. d. People have little need to change the world in which they live. 39. An example of a physical region is a. the Muslim world. c. the Third World. b. South Asia. d. all of the above. 40. One reason Mexico City is densely populated is that it is located a. in a river valley. c. in the tropics. b. on a plateau. d. in the plains. 41. Why is the family a key feature of a culture s social organization? a. The family teaches each new generation a culture s beliefs and ideas. b. In today s world, nuclear families are replacing extended families. c. Extended families are better than nuclear families. d. In most cultures, the family chooses government leaders. 42. An economic system in which individuals make the basic economic decisions about buying and selling goods and services is called a a. traditional economy. c. command economy. b. market economy. d. mixed economy. 43. The Prime Meridian crosses which continents? a. South America and Africa c. Africa and Europe b. South and North America d. Africa and South America 3
Name: 44. The Prime Meridian and the Equator intersect near the coast of a. Europe. c. South America. b. North America. d. Africa. 45. If you sailed east from the eastern shore of South America, you would almost likely reach land on the a. western coast of Africa. c. northern coast of Europe. b. eastern coast of Africa. d. western coast of the U.S. 46. East Asia is located in which hemispheres? a. Northern and Southern c. Eastern and Northern b. Southern and Eastern d. Western and Northern 47. Farming first developed in a. France. c. the Tigris-Euphrates Valley. b. England. d. the Mississippi Valley. 48. To survive, Stone Age nomads learned to a. adapt to different climates and landforms. b. read and write. c. weave cloth. d. irrigate farmland. 49. A major result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was a. the invention of gunpowder. b. the voyages of Vasco de Gama and Christopher Columbus. c. increased urbanization. d. the start of the spice trade between India and Europe. 50. The Cold War was a struggle between the United States and a. the Soviet Union. c. Germany. b. Japan. d. India. 51. Which of the following illustrates the economic dependence of many developing nations? a. They export cash crops and import manufactured goods. b. They export more than they import. c. They loan money to industrialized countries. d. Developing nations have declining populations. 52. The main goal of the Grameen Bank is to a. help improve the environment. b. provide poor people with working capital. c. fight terrorism. d. regulate world trade. 53. An important part of the agricultural revolution was a. farming. c. weaving. b. hunting small animals. d. writing. 54. A result of the Renaissance was a. the first agricultural revolution. b. the rediscovery of the learning of ancient civilizations. c. the first factories. d. urbanization. 55. The idea that led people to fight to win their independence is called a. urbanization. c. imperialism. b. nationalism. d. westernization. 4
Name: 56. A major goal of developing nations is to a. develop single crop economies. c. promote economic diversity. b. spread westernization. d. end privatization. 57. Which of the following is a true statement about the world s rain forests? a. Cutting the rain forest helps reduce pollution. b. Cutting the rain forest removes hideouts for drug smugglers. c. The rain forest is a main source of the world s oxygen supply. d. Very few animal and plant species live in the rain forest. 58. Which of the following is an issue likely to be addressed by the United Nations? a. disputes about the judging at Olympic events b. world health issues c. neighborhood disputes in Chicago d. trade issues between the United States and Canada 59. Between 1960 and 2010, which of the following regions will have experienced an increase in its percentage of the world s population? a. Northern America c. South Asia b. Western Europe d. Russia and Eastern Europe 60. Between 1960 and 2010, which region will have experienced the largest decrease in its percentage of the world s population? a. East Asia c. Northern America b. Western Europe d. Russia and Eastern Europe 61. In 1960, the region with the largest percentage of world population was a. Latin America. c. Southeast Asia. b. South Asia. d. East Asia. 62. Between 1960 and 2010, the region whose percentage of the world s population will increase the least will be a. Latin America. c. Africa. b. Southeast Asia. d. Middle East. 5
Name: Essay 63. Comparing Compare the four map projections you learned about in Chapter 1. How are they similar? How are they different? 64. Identifying Causes and Effects Give one example of how climate and one example of how landforms can affect a people s way of life. 65. Contrasting Describe the differences between nuclear and extended families. 66. Drawing Conclusions All forms of art and entertainment help give us a sense of who we are and link us to our culture. Choose a favorite song, story, TV show, or movie and write about why you like it and how it gives you a sense of identity. 67. Making Generalizations Developing nations have to overcome many obstacles in their efforts to modernize. Describe two goals of nations that are seeking to modernize and then explain two obstacles they face in achieving their goals. 68. Identifying Cause and Effect Explain how the Industrial Revolution and nationalism in Europe resulted in imperialism. 69. Comparing How was the second agricultural revolution and the development of cash crop agriculture similar to the Industrial Revolution and the development of factory production? 70. Identifying Cause and Effect What was the effect of imperialism on the continents of Asia and Africa? 6
Ch.1 Answer Section MATCHING 1. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 7 KEY: Economics, Exports 2. ANS: G DIF: Easy REF: 7 KEY: Economics, Interdependence 3. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 12 KEY: Geography, Climate 4. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 18 KEY: Political Systems, Democracy 5. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 20 KEY: Technology, Definition 6. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 20 KEY: Continuity and Change, Diffusion 7. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 14 KEY: Social Systems, Family 8. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 4 KEY: Geography, Location 9. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 17 KEY: Religion, Monotheism 10. ANS: G DIF: Easy REF: 22 KEY: Social Systems, Subculture 11. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 22 KEY: Social Systems, Racism 12. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 18 KEY: Political Systems, Republic 13. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 11 KEY: Geography, Plains 14. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 7 KEY: Economics, Imports 15. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 28-29 KEY: Social Systems, Archaeology 16. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 36 KEY: Social Systems, Westernization 17. ANS: H DIF: Easy REF: 39 KEY: Social Systems, Literacy 18. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 28 KEY: Continuity and Change, Nomad 19. ANS: G DIF: Easy REF: 39 KEY: Economics, Tariff 20. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 34 KEY: Geography, Urbanization 21. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 33 KEY: Economics, Capital 22. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 38 KEY: Economics, Cash Crops 23. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 28 KEY: Social Systems, Civilization 24. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 41 KEY: Geography, Population Density 25. ANS: G DIF: Easy REF: 29 KEY: Art and Literature, Artisans 26. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 34 KEY: Economics, Entrepreneurs 27. ANS: H DIF: Easy REF: 36 KEY: Social Systems, Nationalism 28. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 35 KEY: Political Systems, Imperialism 29. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 39 KEY: Continuity and Change, Modernization 30. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 39 KEY: Economics, Privatization MULTIPLE CHOICE 31. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 7 KEY: Geography, Region 32. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 8 KEY: Geography, Globes 1
33. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 11 KEY: Economics, Resources 34. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 18 KEY: Social Systems, Law 35. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 18 KEY: Economics, Mixed Economy 36. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 20 KEY: Continuity and Change, Diffusion 37. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 22 KEY: Social Systems, Ethnocentrism 38. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 5 KEY: Geography, Human-Environment Interaction 39. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 7 KEY: Geography, Physical Region 40. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 12 KEY: Geography, Location 41. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 13-14 KEY: Social Systems, Family 42. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 18 KEY: Economics, Market Economy 43. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 4 KEY: Geography, Prime Meridian 44. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 4 KEY: Geography, Map Skills 45. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 4 KEY: Geography, Map Skills 46. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 4 KEY: Geography, Hemisphere 47. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 28 KEY: Continuity and Change, Early Farming 48. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 28 KEY: Continuity and Change, Stone Age Survival 49. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 34-35 KEY: Continuity and Change, Industrial Revolution 50. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 37 KEY: Continuity and Change, Cold War 51. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 38-39 KEY: Economics, Import/Export 52. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 43-44 KEY: Economics, Grameen Bank 53. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 28 KEY: Continuity and Change, Agricultural Revolution 54. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 33 KEY: Continuity and Change, Renaissance 55. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 36-37 KEY: Social Systems, Nationalism 56. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 39 KEY: Economics, Economic Diversity 57. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 44 KEY: Geography, Rain Forest 58. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 42-43 KEY: Political Systems, United Nations 59. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: 40 KEY: Geography, World Population 60. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 40 KEY: Geography, World Population 61. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 40 KEY: Geography, World Population 62. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 40 KEY: Geography, World Population 2
ESSAY 63. ANS: Mercator projections give an accurate view of land areas near the equator but distort areas near the poles. Interrupted projections show the correct size of landmasses, but the cutouts make it impossible to measure distance across the oceans. The Peters projection shows correct areas and distances but distorts the shapes of South America and Africa. The Robinson projection gives accurate sizes and shapes of landmasses and fairly accurate distances of oceans but distorts regions along the edges. DIF: Hard REF: 8 KEY: Geography, Map Projections 64. ANS: Possible response: People in a hot climate may choose to wear light, loose-fitting clothing. People living in mountainous areas have to carve farmland on mountainsides. DIF: Hard REF: 10-12 KEY: Geography, Human-Environment Interaction 65. ANS: Nuclear families include a husband, a wife, and their children. Extended families include several generations of a family living in one household. An extended family may include grandparents, parents, children, aunts, uncles, and cousins. DIF: Medium REF: 14 KEY: Social Systems, Family 66. ANS: Answers will vary. Students should explain their choice, telling how it helps give them a sense of themselves and links them to others with similar tastes. DIF: Hard REF: 19-23 KEY: Art and Literature, Identity 67. ANS: Possible responses: achieve political stability, diversify their economies, end economic dependence, improve medical care; debt crisis, population explosion, illiteracy, rapid urbanization, lack of technology. DIF: Hard REF: 39-42 KEY: Continuity and Change, Developing Nations 68. ANS: The Industrial Revolution created a need for cheap resources and a market for surplus manufactured goods, both of which could be found in the developing world. Nationalism caused the industrialized countries to compete for places to rule and markets. DIF: Hard REF: 34-37 KEY: Continuity and Change, Industrial Revolution 69. ANS: Both revolutions rationalized production. The agricultural revolutions produced a crop that could be sold for cash. Factory production using machine tools made the production of cheaper, mass-produced goods available for trade possible. DIF: Hard REF: 34-35 KEY: Continuity and Change, Industrial and Agricultural Revolution 3
70. ANS: Imperialism hurt these continents. Arbitrarily drawn borders brought people of different cultures into the same countries to compete for power. These countries did not modernize, and they were dependent on industrialized countries for manufactured goods. DIF: Hard REF: 37-42 KEY: Political Systems, Imperialism 4