Solar energy use and regulations in Norway

Solar energy use and regulations in Norway Solar Energy in Urban Planning Trondheim March 20th 2015 Åse Lekang Sørensen Norsk solenergiforening www.solenergi.no

Solar energy use and regulations in Norway Presentation: About the Norwegian Solar Energy Society Solar energy use in Norway Regulations and incentives

Norwegian Solar Energy Society A non-commercial organisation, founded in 1981 Promotes increased knowledge and use of solar energy Solar electricity / PV and solar heating About 400 members, incl. 50 company/institution members Multidisciplinary networking activities / events Energy, business and R&D policy Information dissemination Norwegian section of the International Solar Energy Society ISES Member or newsletter? www.solenergi.no

Solenergidagen 2015 Oslo May 8th Welcome to the major Norwegian meeting place 170 participants in 2014 Presentations: Solar heating and solar electricity www.solenergi.no/solenergidagen2015

Finnsolenergi.no An industry directory from the Norwegian Solar Energy Society Information about Who-delivers-What within solar energy

Solar energy use in Norway

About the energy use in Norway Buildings: 40 % of energy consumption Electricity (hydropower) is the main energy carrier Average: 20 000 kwh/household/year No overall energy strategy in Norway yet

Solar energy technologies Electricity Solar cells (PV) Heat Solar collectors Solar towers Passive solar energy

Solar energy world-wide 350000 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Solvarme Solar heating (MWth (MWth installert) installed) Solceller Solar cells (MWp installert) installed) Sources: Solar Heat Worldwide Markets and contribution to the Energy Supply, reports from 2005-2013, IEA SHC Snapshot of Global PV 1992-2013 fra IEA PVPS (2014)

Solar energy in Norway: Solar cells

Solar energy in Norway: Solar collectors 45 000 Akkumulert solfangerareal (kvadratmeter solfangerareal i Norge) 40 000 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 2 007 2 008 2 009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 Plane solfangere uten dekkglass Plane solfangere med dekkglass Plane solfangere i Akershus energipark Vakuumrørsolfangere

Solar energy in the low-emission society Goal in Norway: Less energy use and CO 2 -polution in the building section Passive House level in 2015 Nearly zero energy level in 2020 Building sector: «Solar energy is needed!»

Solar energy in Norway Solar heaters (in 2012, IEA SHC) Solar cells (in 2013, EPIA) Total solar energy Population (in 2012, IEA SHC) W per inhabit ant Sweden 315 MW th 40 MW 355 MW 9 573 256 37,1 Denmark 479 MW th 548 MW 1 027 MW 5 543 453 185,3 Germany 11 809 MW th 35 715 MW 47 524 MW 81 305 860 584,5 Norway 27,4 MW th ~0 MW 27 MW 5 021 106 5,4

The situation in Norway today In general, limited knowledge about solar Limited volume/market results in higher prices than in the neighbouring countries There is an increasing interest for solar energy! Driven by the building sector Motivation: Building certificates and better buildings Økern sykehjem (Omsorgsbygg) OBOS Stenbråtlia Powerhouse Kjørbo Campus Evenstad (Statsbygg)

Building integrated PV in Oseana kulturhus in Os kommune

September 2014: Asko Vestby The largest PV system in Norway Motivation: To become energy neutral 370 kwp, producing about 300 000 kwh/year

Stenbråtlia passivhus with solar collectors, OBOS, Oslo

Akershus Energipark

Regulations and incentives

Regulations and incentives in Norway Selling surplus energy Planning and building regulations Energy regulations for new/rehab buildings Incentives

Plus energy customers (Plusskundeordningen) Makes it possible for customers to deliver surplus electricity from solar PV or other energy sources Has been voluntary, will be obligatory for gridcompanies from June 2015 Payment is typically ~30 øre/kwh (3-4 eurocent) New regulations from June 2015 Limited to 100 kw delivered power? Building complexes are excluded? Not allowed to sell electricity to neighbours

New electricity meters Within 2019: Customers will have «smart energy meters» (AMS) Measure electricity purchase and sale on an hourly basis Solar energy production before 2019: Grid company install AMS-meter Different practice on who cover the cost (grid company or customer). Often the grid company

Sale of heat from solar collectors Possible to sell heat to neighbouring buildings Not yet any examples of distributed solar heating systems selling heat to district heating companies

Planning and building regulations When installing solar energy in new buildings, the solar energy system is part of the PBL-application to local authorities For existing buildings; No need for application related to «Technical installations» Different practice related to «Changes of facade» Challenge in some municipalities

Energy regulations for new/rehab buildings (TEK) There will be new energy regulations: Passive House level in 2015 Nearly zero energy level in 2020 Public hearing on new regulations Deadline May 18. In hearing document: Less strict energy efficiency requirement for buildings <150 m 2 if producing renewable electricity (>3000 kwh)

National investment support: Enova To private households: Solar heating: 10.000kr + 200kr/m 2 collector area Solar electricity: 10.000kr + 1.250 kr/kw p To commercial buildings: Solar heating: 200kr/m 2 collector area Solar electricity: No investment support If solutions for «new technology» Up to 50 % support

Support in municipalities, such as Oslo Some municipalities have their own support schemes Oslo: Solar cell campaign for buildings (1-4 homes): 40 % investment support Larger buildings can become pilots

Oslo municipality describes the energy system First Norwegian city/municipality developing solar goals?

Green certificates in Norway & Sweden In Norway, Elsertifikater is currently only relevant for the larger solar PV systems (due to fee structure) Extra income: 15-20 øre/kwh Not yet possible to register, but authorities are working on solving practical issues

What is needed for Solar Energy in Urban Planning? Solar energy is growing in Norway Improved regulations and subsidies is needed for solar heating and electricity To succeed we need Increased focus on solar. Increased knowledge To implement solar methods and tools Such as solar maps and PBL framework Experiences from other countries

Thank you! www.solenergi.no www.finnsolenergi.no Åse Lekang Sørensen als@solenergi.no