Development and demonstration of Solar-Biomass hybridization technologies

Development and demonstration of Solar-Biomass hybridization technologies Manuel Silva Pérez Department of Energy Engineering University of Seville Scientific Advisor of CTAER

INTRODUCTION The CTAER is a technology center whose primary objective is to contribute to the development of technologies for harnessing renewable energy. CTAER projects are aimed mainly at improving performance and cost efficiency of technologies related to basic renewable resources such as solar, wind or biomass, which are especially abundant in Andalusia. Strategically, the Solar area is located in the desert of Almeria, the Wind energy sector, on the Atlantic coast of Andalusia, and the Biomass area in the Upper Guadalquivir in Jaen. The main lines of research which are going to be developed in the Solar area located in Tabernas (Almería) are: Solar Thermal Energy Solar Photovoltaic Energy Hydrogen Technologies Smart systemtechnologies

Outline of the presentation Solar Thermal Electricity Technologies Benefits of STE-Biomass Hybridization Hybridization Options State of the Art Advanced Concepts

Solar Thermal Electricity Plants It s a thermal power plant! Receiver Power Block

Solar Thermal Electricity Plants Alternate Energy Source Receiver Power Block Thermal Energy Storage

Line Focus Concentrating Systems Parabolic Trough (C 80, T 400 ºC) Linear Fresnel Reflector (C 50, T 300 500 ºC)

Point Focus Concentrating Systems Parabolic Dish (C 2500, T 800 ºC) Power Tower (C 600, T 10 2 10 3 K)

Solar-Biomass Hybridization: Pros and Cons 100% Renewable Energy Plants Full Dispatchability Fuel Saving (wrt a Biomass Plant) Increased Capacity Factor (wrt a Solar-Only Plant) Increased O&M Costs Biomass Availability Effect of Biomass on Solar Plant (dust, smoke )

Hybridization Options Biomass Boiler in Parallel with Solar Field Biomass Boiler in Series with Solar Field Biomass Boiler in Parallel with Solar Steam Generator, Power Block Biomass Boiler in Series with Solar Steam Generator, Power Block Combination of the 2 above Hybridization at Solar Receiver Combined Cycle

C1. Biomass Boiler in parallel to Solar Field CS$ CG$ INT$ CP$ Aporte$Gas$ Biomass Supply *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C2. Biomass Boiler in series to Solar Field CG$ CS$ Aporte$Gas$ Biomass Supply INT$ CP$ *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C3. Biomass Boiler in Parallel with Solar Steam Generator CS# INT# CG# CP# Biomass Supply Aporte#Gas# *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C4. Biomass Boiler in series to Solar Steam Generator CG# CS# INT# Aporte#Gas# Biomass Supply # CP# *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C5. Biomass Boilers in parallel + series to Solar Steam Generator Biomass Aporte$Gas$ Supply CG1$ CS$ INT$ CG2$ CP$ Biomass Supply Aporte$Gas$ *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C6. Hybrid Receiver RS# Biomass Supply (Gas) Aporte#Gas# # INT# CP# *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CP=Power!Block!!

C7. Combined Cycle (a) CS$ GDV$ 1$ GDV 2$ CR$ TG$ Aporte$Gas$ Biomass $ Supply (Gas) *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CR=Rankine!Cycle;!TG=Gas!Turbine!!

C8. Combined Cycle (b) Biomass Aporte#Gas# Supply (Gas) # TG# SC# CS# GDV# CR#! *!CS=Solar!Field;!CG=Biomass!Boiler;!INT=Heat!Exchanger!(Steam!Generator);! CR=Rankine!Cycle;!TG=Gas!Turbine!

Comparison of Configurations FEATURES( C1( C2( C3( C4( C5( C6( C7( C8( Off4Sun(Generation( X" #" X" #" X" X" X" X" Increase(Power(Block(Efficiency( #" X" #" X" X" #/X" #" X" Decouple(Solar(and(Biomass(Resources( X" #" X" #" #" X/#" X" #" Easy(Integration(in(Current(STE(Plants( X" #" X" #" #" X/#" #" #" Increase(Biomass(to(Electric(Efficiency( #" #" X" X" X" X/#" X" X" Low(Technology(Risk( X" X" X" X" X" #" #" #" Stable(Solar(receiver(operation(( #" #" #" #" #" X/#" #" #" "

State of the Art. Commercial and Pilot Projects Name Site Solar Fuel Power Type of Borges Blanques San Joaquin 1 San Joaquin 2 Solmass Alba Nova Biomasol Lleida (Spain) California California Tavira (Portugal) Córcega (France) - Technology (MWe) Project Parabolic Trough Biomass 22.5 Commercial Parabolic Trough Biomass 53.4 Commercial Parabolic Trough Biomass 53.4 Commercial Power Tower Biomass 4 Pilot Linear Fresnel Biomass 12 Pilot Parabolic Trough Biomass 2 Pilot

Plant Lay-Out Borges Blanques (Abantia)

Borges Blanques (Abantia) Hybridized Operation (Radiation + biomass) Performance Scheme HTF Turbine Cooling Tower HT water Superheater Condenser Vaporizer Biomass Preheater ABANTIA CSP April 2012 7

CSP Borges vs PV in the same location Borges Blanques (Abantia) is an EPC supplier of both, PV and CSP plants Comparison criteria: same electrical production ABANTIA CSP April 2012 8

Advanced concepts Replacement of Natural Gas with Biogas or Biomethane in Current STE Plants Hybrid Power Towers Hybrid Receivers

Replacement of Natural Gas with Biogas or Biomethane in Current STE Plants Environmental and economical benefits Adaptation of equipment tofuel characteristics Logistic aspects Barea JM, Ordonez I, Silva M. Energy analysis of parabolic trough solar power station with and without biomass hybridization. SolarPaces Conference Granada; 2011. San Miguel, G., Corona, B. Hybridizing concentrated solar power (CSP) with biogas and biomethane as an alternative to natural gas: Analysis of environmental performance using LCA. Renewable Energy June 2014 66:580-587 Colmenar-Santos, A. et al. Hybridization of concentrated solar power plants with biogas production systems as an alternative to premiums: The case of Spain Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews July 2015 47:186-197

Hybrid Power Towers Bruno Coelho, Armando Oliveira, Peter Schwarzbözl, Adélio Mendes Biomass and central receiver system (CRS) hybridization: Integration of syngas/biogas on the atmospheric air volumetric CRS heat recovery steam generator duct burner Renewable Energy, Volume 75, 2015, 665-674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.054

Parabolic Dish Technology offers the highest solar to electricity efficiencies, but lacks dispatchability. Integration of gas burner with solar receiver is complex High temperatures Limited room Hybrid Receivers Parabolic Dish

Hybrid Receivers The Biostirling 4 SKA Project The B4SKA project pursues the development of a hybrid biogas-solar engine that meets the application requirements in terms of reliability and costs Hybrid receiver is being developed by Cleanery (Sweden) with the colaboration of CTAER and University of Seville The project includes the installation of a pilot facility that will supply power to a prototype antenna for radioastronomy. Based on sodium termosyphons

Hybrid Receivers Power Towers The main expected benefit of the integration is the extension of the receiver lifetime through the reduction of thermal stress First pilot-scale prototype is being developed by CTAER (project funded by Andalusian Government)

Concept description

Concept description Night operation Operation Mode: Day operation Gas-gas Solar-gas

Conclusions Solar-biomass hybridization is both a reality and a promising concept Different alternatives, both with solid and gassified biomass Integration in current parabolic trough technology is straighforward Challenges for advanced, more efficient concepts remain huge

Thanks for your attention!