Protection of groundwter qulity nd quntity of strtegic groundwter resources of the Mjor Groundwter Bsins Stnis³w Witczk 1, Andrzej Szczepñski 1, ózef Miko³jków 2, Les³w Skrzypczyk 2 S. Witczk A. Szczepñski. Miko³jków L. Skrzypczyk Astrct.Thepolicy for delinetion of the Mjor Groundwter Bsins (MGWBs) ws developed in Polnd s erly s the 1980 s. MGWBs re the most importnt wter-ering structures tht yield the highest wter productivities nd qulities nd represent mjor regionl sources of drinking wter. To dte, 163 MGWBs hve een estlished nd 60 of them hve een documented, stting, with different degrees of precision, their protection strtegies. These ctions hve preceded the EU recommendtions of the Wter Frmework Directive (2000) nd the Groundwter Directive (2006). In 2008, following the ntionl strtegy for protection of wter resources prepred y the Ministry of the Environment nd the Ntionl Wter Mngement Authority, efforts egn for the uniform documenttion of the remining 101 MGWBs, including delinetion of their protection zones nd the development of rules for groundwter protection. These works were plnned for the period of 2009 2015. The tsk hs een undertken y the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey in coopertion with wide rnge of cdemic nd reserch centres nd privte hydrogeologicl enterprises. The estlishment of criticl protection res is sed primrily on hydrogeologicl fctors. However, recent nd future locl development nd wter mngement plnning documents, especilly with respect to the sustinility of strtegic groundwter resources nd development of new wter intkes is lso tken into considertion. Hydrogeologicl documenttion of MGWBs will serve Regionl Wter Mngement Authorities s the sis for implementtion of protection res in the locl development plns nd for setting rules for wter mngement in those res. Keywords: Mjor Groundwter Bsins (MGWBs), groundwter protection, groundwter resources Min resons for estlishing Mjor Groundwter Bsins (MGWBs) Over the pst 30 yers, in Polnd, continuous increse in wter demnd ntionwide together with incresing deteriortion of surfce wter qulity hve resulted in growing interest in groundwter resources. This is lso relted to n incresing pulic wreness regrding wter qulity. At the sme time, on locl nd even regionl scles, contmintion of groundwter with hevy metls, SPCAs nd nitrogen compounds hs een oserved. In few dozen groundwter intkes, concentrtions of pollutnts were oserved to increse suddenly nd mny wells hd to e closed down or defined s thretened. In the 1970 s primry reserch ws undertken nd rules for the protection of groundwter resources were estlished. Issues of risk ssessment with respect to groundwter qulity nd progressing degrdtion of ntionl groundwter resources were discussed y Byczyñski et l. (1979) nd others. It ws estimted tht some 20% of groundwter resources in Polnd (2.8 km 3 /) were polluted t degree mking them unsuitle for urn use. This ws n importnt stimulus for initilistion of ctions iming t stopping nd reversing tht process. Coopertion with foreign hydrogeologists working on similr projects in countries djcent to Polnd resulted in the puliction in 1984 of textook titled Groundwter protection, edited y Kleczkowski. Comprehensive tretment of groundwter protection ginst declining groundwter quntity nd qulity comined with conclusions of numerous discussions crried on during scientific meetings nd conferences (Current Chllenges in Hydrogeology) nd technicl summits (Chllenges in urn wter mngement PZITS Czêstochow) were the sis for developing reserch project The strtegy for the protection of Mjor Groundwter Bsins in Polnd, which ws undertken within lrge scientific progrmme clled Ntionl Frmework Progrmme CPBP 04.1. The progrmme ws crried out during 1985 1990 nd ws led y Prof. Romn Andrzejewski. The hed of the tem working on groundwter protection ws Prof. Antoni S. Kleczkowski. One of the mjor chievements of the tem ws developing concept of protecting the most vlule groundwter resources, which with minor modifictions hs een crried out until the present dy. The concept ws sed on defining Mjor Groundwter Bsins geologicl structures of regionl nd greter extent which re undnt in good qulity groundwter. Over two hundred hydrogeologists worked on the implementtion of the concept. The development of the concept of delinetion nd protection of Mjor Groundwter Bsins ws inspired y the 1 AGH University of Science nd Technology, Fculty of Geology, Geophysics nd Environmentl Protection, l. Mickiewicz 30, 30-059 Krków, Polnd; witczk@ gh.edu.pl,szczep@gh.edu.pl 2 Polish Geologicl Institute Ntionl Reserch Institute, Rkowieck 4, 00-975 Wrszw, Polnd; jozef.mikoljkow@ pgi.gov.pl, leslw.skrzypczyk@pgi.gov.pl 754
US progrmme for the protection of groundwter quifers (U.S. EPA, 1987), which ws under development t tht time. The progrmme focused on quifers tht constituted the primry wter source for humn consumption (SSA Sole Source Aquifers) nd included the estlishment of protection zones tht were criticl for their security (CAPA iticl Aquifer Protection Ares). The U.S. EPA (United Sttes Environmentl Protection Agency) progrmmes re still in opertion tody, leit with less success thn the protection strtegy of MGWBs in Polnd, which is dpted to Polish conditions nd remins vlid. This success ws possile thnks to the lrge involvement of the mjority of Polish hydrogeologists t the erly development stge of the concept nd, currently, thnks to the ctivity of the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey. Hydrogeologists working on developing the concept of MGWBs were divided into 17 working groups, which worked on the preprtion of regionl reports nd/or took prt in the work of 5 methodologicl tems, whose work focused on developing clssifiction procedures for the delinetion of MGWBs. The clssifiction criteri for defining MGWBs included ssessments of hydrochemicl ckground levels, pollutnt migrtion prmeters nd potentil threts from point pollution sources, s well s economic nd socil spects nd context of locl plnning nd the existing infrstructure. Detiled methodologicl guidnce for crtogrphic presenttions, legends nd tle configurtions ws developed in order to mintin uniform structure of ll documenttion. The principles of the reserch project were presented in the following two summry documents: The mp of the criticl protection res (CPA) of the mjor groundwter sin (MGWB) in Polnd in scle 1 : 500 000 (Kleczkowski, 1990), Current stte nd reserch trends in groundwter protection in Polnd (Kleczkowski, 1991). Achieved results The collortion work integrted scientists with prctitioners. Workshops, conferences nd symposi plyed n importnt role in developing common nomenclture pplied y oth groups, nd generted more or less forml working tems tht continue until the present dy. During discussions, new reserch ims rose including proposls for mending dministrtive nd legisltive structures necessry for the implementtion of regionl wter mngement nd the need for protecting groundwter qulity nd quntity. These ides continue, for exmple, through the implementtion of the Wter Frmework Directive (2000/60/EC), the Groundwter Directive (2006/118/EC), nd other environmentl directives of the Europen Union. Among vrious forms of protection offered to usle wter resources, e.g. source protection res, the Polish strtegy for the protection of MGWBs is pplicle not only t present ut lso in future, while implementing further resolutions of the Wter Frmework Directive. Mjor gols of the long term progrmme were the two forementioned summry documents. They were chieved in 1990 y completion of the MGWBs mp (Kleczkowski, 1990) including delinetion of the criticl protection res (CPAs) requiring the mximum protection (MCPA) nd requiring high protection (HCPA), nd y pulishing in 1991 synthesis report titled Current stte nd reserch trends in groundwter protection in Polnd (Kleczkowski, 1991). On the MGWB mp (Kleczkowski, 1990), loctions of the 180 primrily estlished MGWBs long with their protection res were delineted ccording to primry criteri (for 140 MGWBs) nd individul criteri (for 40 MGWBs). These works were referred to the hydrogeologicl regions of Polnd s defined y Kleczkowski (1988) nd modified y the working groups of the reserch progrmme (Fig. 1 nd Tle 1). Prticulr regions were given hydrogeologicl nmes tht referred to geomorphologic nd hydrogrphicl criteri within lowlnd province (Pn, Pp, Pr, Ppk nd Pps) s well s mountin-uplnd province (M mssif, MoK-S monocline, N sin). Within lrge, strongly strtigrphiclly nd lithologiclly diversified structures, sutroughs nd susins were lso defined. The prefix su indictes either deeper loction elow younger sediments, or lower groundwter resources of prticulr MGWB due to impeded rechrge (Tle 1). A grphicl supplement of the mp consists of ten cross sections tht chrcterize MGWBs with respect to their structure, lithology, prmeters nd their hydrodynmics (groundwter flow directions, rechrge nd dringe conditions, etc.). These constitute conceptul models of MGWBs (Fig. 2). Aprt from grphicl explntions included in the MGWB mp in 1: 500 000 scle (Kleczkowski, 1990), the puliction ws dditionlly enriched y 38-pge long ooklet titled Explntions to the mp... (Kleczkowski, 1990) counting 19 tles, which included description of the methodologicl spects for delineting the MGWBs nd their protection res. This puliction ws prepred in Polish nd English versions. In the lter period, Prof. Antoni Kleczkowski proposed conceptul model of the hydrogeologicl conditions of Polnd (Fig. 3), which included mjor chrcteristics of ll hydrogeologicl structures within which the MGWBs hd een locted. MGWBs were selected ccording to the following qulittive nd quntittive criteri: trnsmissivity of quifer rocks of more thn 10 m 2 /h, potentil well productivity of 70 m 3 /h nd potentil for uilding groundwter supplies exceeding 10 000 m 3 /d, groundwter qulity within the first qulity clss ccording to the clssifiction developed y Mcioszczyk (1987). These criteri imed t selecting groundwter supplies ville for supplying people with groundwter with no need for purifiction or requiring little tretment using economicl technologies. The min impulse for creting the concept of MGWBs ws legl ct from 1983 regrding environmentl protection, which imed t stopping the progressing degrdtion of groundwter resources nd retining good qulity wters to e used y future genertions. Ares of the mximum (MCPA) nd high (HCPA) protection, y definition, shll not exceed 10 30% of the country s surfce re nd shll include rechrge res tht re thretened y degrdtion. The min criterion for delinetion of the MCPAs nd HCPAs res res ws the time needed for wter infiltrtion from the ground surfce into sturted zone. In tht wy potentil hzrds to n quifer were evluted sed on infiltrtion time needed y the fstest migrting conservtive pollutnts. The following ws defined: less thn 2 yers ctegory A1 very high risk, 2 5 yers ctegory A2 high risk, 755
Gdñsk SNG SZW Pn Pp Pn, SZP Pp Pr Pps Pe, NZ MS SNP Poznñ SNWr Wroc³w Konin NB-K MoK-S SNW Wrszw MKu ódÿ N Be³chtów (M) MSt T D (P) Rdom NR Lulin SZPo NL Pr Mssifs: oughs: Monocline: NW Pe, SNG-SNK NO 0 100 200km fissured quifers in crystlline nd metmorphic rocks fissured porous quifers in the Crpthin flysch (, ) nd urssic sndstones krstic-fissured quifers in Devonin cronted rocks krstic-fissured quifers in urssic nd issic cronted rocks fissured-porous quifers in etceous mrls krstic-fissured quifers in urssic nd issic cronted rocks Lowlnd Hydrogeologicl Province uternry porous quifers s min source of groundwter resources orders: min units, suunits T Krków T, NM (W) Miechów c SZB (Z) T, MK SZS, orders of su-troughs nd su-sins (elow uternry): porous groundwter, fissured-krstic groundwter, c fissured-porous groundwter strtigrphy of hydrogeologicl units south order of uternry nd Tertiry porous shllow quifers ove the etceous nd urssic Ppk mjor hydrogeologicl structures of uternry formtions (porous wter) with renewle groundwter resources higher thn 3.5 L/(s km 2) nd sfe yield more thn 100000 m 3/d orders of uternry GWB rnges importnt uried uternry structures Fig. 1. Mjor hydrogeologicl units nd structures of Polnd (fter Kleczkowski 2002, modified); strtigrphy of hydrogeologicl units: D Devonin, Pe Permin, T issic, urssic, etceous, Tertiry. All other revitions see Tle 1 5 25 yers ctegory B medium risk, 25 100 yers ctegory C low risk, more thn 100 yers ctegory D very low risk. It ws estimted tht within the 180 estlished MGWBs, the totl disposle reserves were some 7.35 km 3 /, 58% of which constituted MGWBs tht were estlished ccording to individul criteri; 53 quifers hd reserves exceeding 100 000 m 3 /d (t. 78.9% of the totl disposle reserves of MGWBs). Aquifers within uternry sediments nd of porous nture dominted (51.7 %). The totl re of the 180 originlly estlished MGWBs ws 163 441 km 2, which is 52.2% of the totl re of the country, the totl MCPA re ws 30 173 km 2 (9.6%) nd HCPA 59 506 km 2, constituting 19% of the country s surfce re. Groundwter protection requires implementtion of system of orders nd ns within the CPAs, which ws developed in coopertion with specilists from different disciplines including urn plnning, lw, environmentl protection, ecology nd economy. Synthesis of the reserch project pulished in 1991 (Kleczkowski, 1991) ws intended to generte further reserch projects focused on implementtion nd documentry work. It cn e sid tht the comined results of the mp nd the synthesis lid down directions for strtegic ction pln in order to protect ntionl groundwter re- 756
serves. The uthors intended lso to prepre the Polish hydrogeologicl community to continue the reserch nd documenttion ctivities, leding to the etter mngement of groundwter reserves nd their protection. These ctions preceded the Wter Frmework Directive y decde nd they re still continued. The synthesis comprised the following elements: n ssessment of the sttus of the reserch on groundwter protection in Polnd ginst decresing quntity nd qulity; strtegic concept for the protection of mjor groundwter sins; methodology for crtogrphic presenttions of groundwter hzrds nd protection; n ction pln for developing the ove methodology, including requirement of using mthemtic modelling to ssess pollutnt migrtion processes, determining the scle of groundwter hzrds, nd quntifying disposle nd exploited reserves; n evlution of hydrogeochemicl ckground levels nd groundwter qulity; the potentil use of mrkers nd geophysicl methods in reltion to groundwter protection. It ws t tht time tht development plns, sed on results from the monitoring of surfce nd groundwter, s well s the identifiction of pollution sources, were identified s the most vlule tools for protecting groundwter resources. The need for mendments of the lw nd restructuring of the leding dministrtive institutions, in order to implement results of the long-lsting reserch in wter mngement, ws highlighted. The ide of the protection of MGWBs ws employed minly during plnning processes for strtegic liner investments in Polnd i.e. highwys. Aprt from these syntheses, other very vlule elortions re sic crtogrphic documents in scles of 1 : 200 000; 1:100000;1:50000ndsmller. In totl, over 200 items of documenttions nd dt ses were gthered in the project s rchives. Results nd conclusions tht were drwn in these documents ecme sis for further work including legisltive documents. Eventully, in 2006, y the order of the Polish Minister of the Environment, 162 Mjor Groundwter Bsins Tle 1. Regionliztion of fresh groundwter in Polnd (fter Kleczkowski, 2002 see Fig. 1) Region Are [km 2 ] Mountin-Uplnd Hydrogeologicl Province: Mssifs M: MK Crpthin Mssif (W) inner prt (Z) outer prt with overlying uternry quifers in river vlleys MS Sudetic Mssif with the intermountin Permin-etceous troughs (outer NZ nd inner NW) MSt Œwiêtokrzyski Mssif (P) Pleozoic prt (M) Mesozoic prt MKu Kujwy Mssif oughs (etceous) NB K Be³chtów Konin ough NL Lulin ough N ódÿ ough NM Miechów ough NR Rdom ough NO Opole ough Monocline Krków Silesi MoK S urssic prt T issic prt 90 000 19 800 6 500 9 800 3 400 7 200 16 600 1900 7 700 4 200 (150) 1 12 900 Lowlnd Hydrogeologicl Province: Rnges of uternry GWB's: Pn costl rnge Pp lke district rnge Pr plin rnge Ppk forecrpthin rnge Pps foresudetic rnge Sutroughs: SNG Gdñsk etceous Sutrough SNP Poznñ Tertiry Sutrough SNW Wrszw Tertiry Sutrough SNG-SNK G³uczyce & Kêdzierzyn Tertiry Sutroughs SNWr Wroc³w Tertiry Sutrough Susins (the iggest): SZPo Podlsie urssic Susin SZP Pomernin Tertiry+urssic Susin SZW Wrmi Susin SZS Stszów Susin SZB Bogucice Susin 221 900 41 700 85 400 59 100 1770 18 000 (6 000) 1 (20 000) 1 (51 000) 1 (9 000) 1 (7 000) 1 1 Are of suunits lying on or elow the min units 757
Pp Pn S N Stêpólno Kmionk Brd Wdzydze Lke Wierzyc Rduni m.s.l. KORONOWO 200 100 0 CHONICE KARTUZY Gdñsk By GDYNIA KU NICA -100-200 -300 0 5 10 15 20 25km -400 132 128 121 20 50 M 12.5 116 M M M 30 113 M 33 110 P 111 110 194 unconsolidted porous quifer: inside MGWB, outside MGWB min strtigrphic orders nd symols groundwter dringe re due to the well-filed strction extent of MCPA -5-7 semipermele formtions (from 1x10 to 1x10 m/s) groundwter level: unconfined, confined order of the fresh wters zone (totl dissolved solids TDS elow 0,6 g/dm ) 3 extent of HCPA prcticlly impermele formtions (less thn 1x10 m/s) -7 groundwter flow systems: locl, regionl c extent of MGWB: numer, strtygrphic symol, c disposle resources in thousnds m /d 3 direct MGWB rechrge re Fig. 2. Conceptul model of MGWB in N Polnd ccording to A. Sdurski (in Kleczkowski, 1990). Axis Y presented in metres ove se level; uternry, Tertiry, K2 Upper etceous, urssic 758
500 S 3 5 13 65 T Przegl¹d Geologiczny, vol. 58, nr 9/1, 2010 [m.s.l.] [m.s.l.] F N 500 400 300 200 100 D MSt MK (P) MS MoK-S NR,NL NM,NBK 11 400 300 200 173 100 0-100 -200 T F ~ 200 GWB's in uternry deposits (vlleys, ice-mrginl vlleys, uried vlleys, glcil outwsh plins, intertill porous quifers) Tertiry porous quifers etceous fissured-porous quifers in mrls, sndstones nd snds urssic quifers in krstic-fissured cronted rocks nd fissured-porous sndstones; issic quifers in krstic-fissured cronted rocks fissured porous quifers in the Crpthin flysch (, ) mx 1000 0 100 200km D SNW 3 (P) SNW, P SZP SNG Devonin quifers in krstic-fissured cronted rocks; Pre-Devonin fissured quifers in metmorphic nd crystlline rocks symols of mjor hydrogeologicl units ccording to Fig. 1. nd T. 1. the depth rnge of fresh wter zone (< 2500 µs/cm) percent of totl ville groundwter resources of Polnd 0-100 -200 Fig. 3. Conceptul model of groundwter resources in Polnd (Kleczkowski & Witczk, 2005). Simplified cross-section S N ccording to Fig. 1 Mjor hydrogeologicl units nd structures of Polnd. All other revitions see Fig. 1 nd Tle 1 were leglly estlished. Detiled work on delineting protection res surrounding individul MGWBs egn nd ws included in the mjor duties of the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey. The Survey itself ws estlished in 2006. For mny scientific centres such s universities nd locl rnches of the PGI (Polish Geologicl Institute), this work constitutes n importnt element of scientific progrmmes, sujects of doctortes nd postdoctorl works. This work hs preceded recommendtions nd requirements of the EU Wter Frmework Directive (2000/60/EC), the Groundwter Directive (2006/118/EC) nd is exceptionlly well djusted to the strtegy for groundwter protection prepred y the Polish Ministry of the Environment nd the Ntionl Wter Mngement Authority (NWMA). The ntionl reserch progrmme for documenting Mjor Groundwter Bsins In 2003, while prepring for the ntionl progrmme of the protection of MGWBs, ll documenttion of MGWBs ville t tht time were indexed. Results of work from the 1990 s were compred with informtion presented on the mp of the criticl protection res (CPA) of the Mjor Groundwter Bsins (MGWB) in Polnd (Kleczkowski, 1990). The existing MGWBs were ssessed for conformity with the four selection criteri for MGWBs, ssessment of risk to groundwter resources nd selection of protection res. The indexing process hs shown tht the documented MGWBs included minly those sins tht required urgent delinetion of protection res, which confirmed tht the generl direction of work crried out y the Ministry ws correct. The initil indexing of MGWBs tht hd not een documented ws performed on the sis of new regionl reports undertken within res where individul MGWBs hd een delineted nd of the hydrogeologicl mp of Polnd in the scle of 1:50000. Between 1994 nd 2007 mny items of documenttion of MGWBs were completed. In this process, fter detiled nlyses of wter ering structures, some sins were disqulified s they did not fulfil the requirements stted for MGWB. As result of this work 60 MGWBs hve een documented. Some of this work, especilly older 759
documenttions did not fully complete requirements llowing the delinetion of criticl protection res ccording to the current lw. Such documenttions need to corrected nd djusted to the current legl requirements. At present, fter the indexing, requirements set for MGWBs re fulfilled y 163 sins. In the cse of 103 of them, there is no documenttion of hydrogeologicl setting nd the extent of criticl protection res (Fig. 4). Due to the fct tht field investigtions were not included in the work schedule for 2009 2015, two MGWBs of the Pleogene Neogene, MGWB no. 215 Mzovin ough including its centrl prt no. 215A, were excluded from the list of sins defined for documenting in tht period. In 2008, the Ministry of the Environment together with the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey put forwrd n inititive to delinete CPAs for ll MGWBs ntionwide. The work schedule included delinetion of CPAs for 101 MGWBs tht hve not een documented so fr. In order to unify the lyout of hydrogeologicl documenttions for ll MGWBs, methodologicl guidnce document titled Methodology of delineting protection res of Mjor Groundwter Bsins for plnning nd wter mngement in river ctchment res ws pulished y the PGI in2009 (Herich et l., 2009). It is nticipted tht documenttions for ll MGWBs will e completed in three stges in 2009 2015, s follows: Phse I: 2009 2011 documenttion of 29 MGWBs nd 15 djustments to lredy existing documenttion tht ws completed prior to 2008, Phse II: 2011 2013 documenttion of 33 MGWBs, Phse III: 2013 2015 documenttion of 39 MGWBs. Mjor Groundwter Bsins will e documented within the entire territory of Polnd, in ll different hydrogeologicl structures, with vrile degrees of pressure from industry, griculture nd pulic services. Mintining the methodologicl integrity of crtogrphic presenttions, dt ses, numericl modelling for ll documenttions tht is eing prepred in prllel nd its completion on time require good nd continuous coordintion which hs een given to the specilly creted MGWBs coordintion unit within the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey. Results of the reserch progrmme As results of the ove reserch progrmme, the following products will e delivered: hydrogeologicl documenttion for defining CPAs for 101 MGWBs including digitl versions of reports, GIS files, mthemticl models nd exported themtic nd finl mps; djusted hydrogeologicl documenttion for 15 MGWBs for which originl documenttion ws pre- 0 100km MGWBs with existing documenttion MGWBs without documenttion numer of MGWBs Fig. 4. Mjor Groundwter Bsins (MGWB) stte of documenttion: Mrch 2010 760
pred efore 2008 including digitl versions of reports nd GIS files; n integrted dtse of ll digitl models for individul MGWBs. For optiml implementtion of the defined CPAs into plnning documents, prt from hydrogeologicl spects, current plnning documents hve een tken into considertion when delineting CPAs. The procedure for delineting criticl protection res comprises two stges: firstly, oundries of CPA for selected MGWB is delineted sed on hydrogeologicl conditions where the dominting fctor is time of groundwter flow towrds sin; in the second stge, this oundry is verified nd djusted ccording to results of lnd use nlysis. Specific rules regrding generl lnd use nd lnd mngement prctices for the finl extent of CPA re defined with respect to the existing nd future development plns. The iticl Protection Ares of MGWBs re res where detiled rules including ns nd orders with respect to lnd use, lnd mngement prctices nd wter exploittion shll e respected in order to protect groundwter resources from degrdtion. Summry Detils included in the hydrogeologicl documenttion for individul Mjor Groundwter Bsins re the sis for the forml estlishment of their iticl Protection Ares, which constitutes n importnt element of defining nd implementing wter mngement plns within river sins, for which Ntionl nd Regionl Wter Mngement Authorities re responsile. These wter mngement plns, which im t sustining good qulity groundwter for humn consumption, re required y the EU Wter Frmework Directive (2000/60/EC) nd the Groundwter Directive (2006/118/EC). The urgent need for documenting nd estlishing the CPAs results from requirements of the Polish Wter Act nd the EU Wter Frmework Directive. The ltter imposes on the Memer Sttes requirement for determining nd implementing groundwter protection progrmmes iming t chieving good groundwter sttus y 2015, or (in specil cses only) in 2027. In order to ssure proper wter mngement, including the protection of groundwter for humn consumption, it is nticipted tht future locl development plns will include requirements regrding lnd use mngement s defined in hydrogeologicl documenttion estlished for individul MGWBs. It is lso importnt tht locl development plns nd their mendments shll e greed y the director of the pproprite Regionl Wter Mngement Authority. The proposed unified methodology for delineting CPAs will llow not only for completing the specific tsk of defining protection res ut will lso support the Polish dministrtion responsile for wter mngement (NWMA nd RWMAs) in developing nd implementing ntionl wter mngement plns with view to chieving good qulity of wter in future. Aprt from tht, the Polish Wter Act sttes tht hydrogeologicl documenttions prepred for defining hydrogeologicl conditions of MGWBs nd their protection must e tken into ccount when defining conditions for wter use within units of wter regions nd wter sins. The extent of informtion ttched to specific lyers of hydrogeologicl documenttion for MGWB ws defined in wy tht llows for smooth integrtion of sptil dt originting from different sources nd their common use y multiple users nd for multiple pplictions, especilly for pplictions used y the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey nd the mjor eneficiry of the work Regionl Wter Mngement Authorities. The GIS system eing creted is fully dpted to the requirements of the EU INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/WE). The ide of defining MGWBs s the most productive groundwter odies in Polnd hs preceded chievements of other EU Memers Sttes. Reliztion of the principles of groundwter protection within MGWBs through the delinetion of the CPAs nd implementtion of lnd nd wter mngement rules within their territories, s crried out y the Polish Hydrogeologicl Survey is concurrent to principles of the EU Wter Frmework Directive. Results of work tht is plnned for 2015 will llow the Ntionl Wter Mngement Authority to prepre etter wter mngement plns for river sins in order to chieve their good qulity sttus. Aprt from tht, the results will support locl uthorities in defining conditions for wter use within region or sin. References BYCZYÑSKI H., B ASZYK T. & WITCZAK S. 1979 Hzrd nd protection of groundwter ginst pollution (in Polish). Wyd. Geol., Wrszw. Directive 2000/60/EC of the Europen Prliment nd of the Council of 23 Octoer 2000 estlishing frmework for Community ction in the field of wter policy. Officil ournl L 327/1 (EU Wter Frmework Directive). Directive 2006/118/EC of the Europen Prliment nd of the Council of 12 Decemer 2006 on the protection of groundwter ginst pollution nd deteriortion. Officil ournl L 372/19 (Groundwter Directive). Directive 2007/2/EC of the Europen Prliment nd of the Council of 14 Mrch 2007 estlishing n Infrstructure for Sptil Informtion in the Europen Community (INSPIRE). Officil ournl L 108 (INSPIRE Directive). HERBICH P., KAPUŒCIÑSKI., NOWICKI K., PRA AK. & SKRZYPCZYK L. 2009 Methodology of delineting protection res of Mjor Groundwter Bsins for plnning nd wter mngement in river ctchment res (in Polish). PGI, Wrszw. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. 1984 Groundwter protection (in Polish). Wyd. Geol., Wrszw. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. 1988 Regionliztion of fresh groundwters of Polnd in modified pproch (in Polish). Symp. Mter. Aktulne Prolemy Hydrogeologii. Wyd. Inst. Morsk., Gdñsk. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. 1990 The mp of the criticl protection res (CPA) of the mjor groundwter sin (MGWB) in Polnd, scle 1 : 500000 (in Polish). AGH, Krków. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. 1990 Explntions to the mp of the criticl protection res (CPA) of the mjor groundwter sin (MGWB) in Polnd (1 : 500 000) (in Polish). AGH, Krków. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. (ed.) 1991 Current stte nd reserch trends in groundwter protection in Polnd (in Polish). SGGW AR, Wrszw. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. 2002 Hydrogeologicl regionlistion [In:] Hydrogeologicl lexicon (in Polish). PGI, Wrszw. KLECZKOWSKI A.S. & WITCZAK S. 2005 Simplified conceptul model of groundwter resources in Polnd (in Polish; inner drft report). AGH, Krków. MACIOSZCZYK A. 1987 Systems of qulittive nd quntittive estimtions of polution of groundwter used for drinking purposes (in Polish). Prz. Geol., 12: 628 636. U.S. EPA 1987 Sole source quifer designtion (EPA 440/6-87-003). U.S. Environmentl Protection Agency Office of Ground Wter nd Drinking Wter. Wshington, D.C. 20460. 761