159870 Business Briefing: Germany May 2015 Overview Area Population Population density 357,340.0 sq km 2014: 80.9 million people Population growth rate 2014: -0.2%* Fertility rate Birthrate Age group distribution Illiteracy rate 2003: 1.0% Business languages 2014: 226.4 inhabitants per sq km 2012: 1.4 births per woman 2014: 8.4 births per 1,000 inhabitants * 2014: 0-14 years: 13.0%; 15-24 years: 10.6%; 25-54 years: 41.7%; 55-64 years: 13.6%; 65 years and older: 21.1% * German, English Resources agricultural all resources available in the temperate zone Gas mineral coal, lignite, mineral salt, iron ore - Production (bn cubic meter) 2011: 10.0; 2012: 9.0; 2013: 8.2; - Reserves (trillion cubic meter) Membership in regional economic associations 2011: 0.1; 2012: 0.1; 2013: 0.0; Currency notation Euro ( ); 1 = 100 Cent exchange rate (Jan- April 2015) 1 Euro = 1.147 US$ yearly average 2014: 1 Euro = 1.329 US$ 2013: 1 Euro = 1.328 US$ 2012: 1 Euro = 1.285 US$ EU Economy Gross Domestic Product (GDP, nominal) - bn. Euro 2012: 2,750; 2013: 2,810; 2014: 2,904 - bn. US$ 2012: 3,534; 2013: 3,732; 2014: 3,859 per capita GDP (nominal) - Euro 2012: 33,569; 2013: 34,219; 2014: 35,247 - US$ 2012: 43,136; 2013: 45,443; 2014: 46,843 per capita GDP - PPP (Euro) 2011: 30,800; 2012: 31,500; 2013: 32,000
GDP formation (%) 2014: industry 22.2; commerce, catering industry and transport 15.4; renting: 11.1; business services 10.9; construction 4.8; information and communication 4.7; financial services: 4.0; others 26.9 GDP expenditure (%) 2014: private consumption 55.3; public consumption 19.3; gross fixed capital investment 20.0; external contribution 6.5; inventory changes -1.1 GDP growth GDP growth by sectors (%, in real terms) Growth in manufacturing (%, in real terms) 2014: industry 2.2; commerce, catering industry and transport 1.4; renting: 1.1; business services 2.4; construction 3.7; information and communication 2.2; financial services: -0.6 2014: automotive industry 4.6; machinery industry 0.8; foodstuffs 0.1; electronics 3.9; electric equipment 1.7; metal goods 3.4; chemical goods -2.9; rubber and plastic goods 1.1 Inflation rate (%) 2013: 1.6; 2014: 0.8; 2015: 0.1* Unemployment rate (%) 2013: 5.2; 2014: 5.0; 2015: 4.9 Gross average wage full-time employees, without special payments (Euro/month) 2012: 3,391; 2013: 3,449; 2014: 3,527 Budget balance (% of GDP) 2013: 0.1; 2014: 0.7; 2015: 0.6* Current account (% of GDP) 2013: 6.7; 2014: 7.5*; 2015: 8.4* Investment (net, public and private, % of GDP) 2013: 19.0; 2014: 18.9*; 2015: 18.5* Expenditures for R&D (% of GDP) 2010: 2.8; 2011: 2.9; 2012: 2.9 National debt (% of GDP, net) 2013: 52.7; 2014: 49.7; 2015: 46.9* Yearly new borrowing (% of GDP) 2013: -0.1; 2014: -0.6; 2015: -0.3* Foreign Direct Investment - Flows (bn Euro) Net transfer (increase/capital import: +) 2011: 42.7; 2012: 10.3; 2013: 20.1 - Stocks (bn Euro) 2011: 588.0; 2012: 625.6; 2013: 650.8
- Main sources of FDI capital (share in %) 2013: Netherlands 23.7; Luxemburg 18.3; USA: 8.6; United Kingdom: 7.7; France: 7.1; Italy: 6.3; Switzerland: 5.7; Austria: 4.1; Sweden: 3,2; others 16.3 Main sectors (share in %) Foreign-exchange reserves (bn Euro, end of period) 2013: financial intermediation 17.3; business services 16.1; wholesale, retail trade; repair of motor vehicles 11.1; information and telecommunication 10.7; chemicals and pharmaceuticals 6.6; machinery: 4.1; power generation 3.9; real estate 3.6; others 26.6 2012: 28.8; 2013: 28.1; 2014: 29.9 Foreign Trade Foreign trade (bn EUR) 2012 % 2013 % 2014 % Imports 905.9 0.7 898.2-0.8 916.6 2.0 Exports 1095.8 3.4 1093.1-0.2 1133.5 3.7 Balance 189.9 194.9 216.9 Foreign trade-to-gdp ratio (Ex- + Imports/GDP in %) Export propensity (Exports/GDP in %) Import goods (% of total imports, SITC) Export goods (% of total exports, SITC) 2012: 70.6; 2013: 70.9; 2014: 72.8 2012: 39.8; 2013: 38.9; 2014: 39.0 2014: chemical goods 12.7 (pharmaceuticals 4.1); machinery 12.3; crude oil and gas 12.1; electronic goods 10.1; motor vehicles and parts 8.3; metal goods 7.6; foodstuffs 6.0; others 30.9 2014: machinery 18.1; motor vehicles and parts 17.1; chemical goods 15.7 (pharmaceuticals 5.3); electronic goods 9.1; metal goods 8.1; foodstuffs: 4.5; others: 27.4 Important trading partners
EU s trade relation with Germany Foreign trade (bn EUR) 2012 % 2013 % 2014 % Imports 610.5-0.7 608.8-0.3 632.8 3.9 by EU Exports 592.7 2.5 585.4-1.2 604.3 3.2 by EU Balance -17.8-23.4-28.5 Infrastructure Road network (hard surfaced) Rail network (broad and standard gauge) 2010: 645.000 km 2015: 41.981 km Seaports 2012: 36 Landline connections Mobile phone connections Internet users 2013: 589 per 1000 persons 2013: 1.209 per 1000 persons 2013: 840 per 1000 persons
Assessment of the financial business environment Rank: Ease of Doing Business 2015 Global Competitiveness Index 2014-2015 Corruption Perception Index 2014 International credit rating(according to Institutional Investor) 14 out of 189 countries 5 out of 144 countries 12 out of 175 countries March 2015: rank 4; credit rating 94.0; 12-month-change 1.1 Contact at Germany Trade & Invest Daniel Lenkeit T. +49 (0) 30 200 099-397 F. +49 (0) 30 200 099-111 Germany Trade & Invest is the foreign trade and inward investment agency of the Federal Republic of Germany. The organization advises foreign companies looking to expand their business activities in the German market. It provides information on foreign trade to German companies that seek to tap into foreign markets. Germany Trade & Invest Gesellschaft für Außenwirtschaft und Standortmarketing mbh Friedrichstraße 60 T. +49 (0) 30 200 099-0 10117 Berlin F. +49 (0) 30 200 099-111 Deutschland info@gtai.com www.gtai.com