BIOLÓGIA ANGOL NYELVEN

Transcription

1 Biológia angol nyelven középszint 1121 ÉRETTSÉGI VIZSGA május 14. BIOLÓGIA ANGOL NYELVEN KÖZÉPSZINTŰ ÍRÁSBELI ÉRETTSÉGI VIZSGA JAVÍTÁSI-ÉRTÉKELÉSI ÚTMUTATÓ EMBERI ERŐFORRÁSOK MINISZTÉRIUMA

2 Instructions for marking intermediate level papers 1. Always use red ink. 2. Tick the correct answers. Each tick is awarded. Half points cannot be given. Put two ticks if the candidate answered a question with 2 points correctly. 3. If the answer is correct but not included in the marking scheme it can still be accepted. The same principle applies to synonims. (e. g. :platelets trombocytes) 4. Equally correct, alternative ansewers are separated with a backslash (/) in the marking scheme. 5. At the end of each task add up the points in the grey chart. 6. At the end of the paper indicate the total points awarded for each task in the final summary chart and, by adding them up, work out the total score. 7. The total score achieved in the paper has to be multiplied by 1.25 to give the total score in percentages for the written part of the examination. 8. If the calculated total score is not an integer it has to be rounded according to the rules of rounding. 9. If the candidate is asked to compose whole sentences (e.g. to give reasons or explanations) only grammatically correct sentences can be accepted. Please, do not deduct points for spelling mistakes but do not accept answers with ambigious meaning. Good luck for your work. írásbeli vizsga / május 14.

3 I. Oil Trees 9 points This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: and Photo:original Drawing: Hortobágyi Tibor: Növényrendszertan, Tankönyvkiadó, Netted/webbed/branching leaf veins. (Wooden stem is also acceptable because it can only exceptionally occur in monocots.) 2. In xylem / in the water conducting vessels. 3. From the phloem of the conducting tissue / sieve tubes 4. Epidermis 5. Fruit wall (the mezocarp, to be more accurate) 6. The starch: glucose / maltose units The oil: glycerine and (partly unsaturated) fatty acids / oil acids 7. A/D/K/E. Any two correct vitamins. for each. 2 points II. Respiration of Animals This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements:3.4.2 and Each correct answer is. 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B 6. C 7. E 8. D 9. C 10. E III. Infusoria bringing about fermentation 8 points This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: 2.1.1, 2.1.3, 2.2.3, 3.2.1, and Source of figure: Benedek István: A tudás útja, Gondolat, The group of animals (at present) contains multicellular organisms, while infusoria are unicellular. Or: Animals have no cell wall. 2. Beer yeast is eukaryotic / it has cell nucleus, bacteria are prokaryotic / have no cell nucleus/nuclear membrane. Or other correct difference. The answer can refer to the text e.g.: butyric acid bacteria are rod shaped, while yeast cells are nearly spherical in shape. 3. Ethanol / ethyl alcohol and Carbon dioxid / CO 2 írásbeli vizsga / május 14.

4 4. Naming any organic molecule/group of molecules containing phosphorous with biological significance: DNA /RNA / ATP / ADP / phosphatides / nucleotides / coenzymes. 5. Energy production / production of ATP molecules 1point 6. It becomes more acidic / ph decreases. / Reason: accumulating butyric acid. The answer is only acceptable if the reason is provided. 7. The last/final experiment. If the bacteria are killed, the butyric acid fermentation comes to a halt. Other wording is also acceptable. IV. Hares and Lynx 7 points This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: 3.4.2, and Source of figure: Vadászati Múzeum, Georgikon, Keszthely (eredeti) Bánkuti-Both-Csorba-Horányi: A megőrzött idő, Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó Each correct answer is. 1. C 2. Symbiosis / mutualism 3. Marking the carrying capacity as shown in the diagram. (it is enough to mark the K value on the vertical axis, or if the line is drawn in the correct place). numbers of animals K hares lynx time 4. The increasing number of lynx (Other wording is also acceptable) 5. The decreasing number of hares (Other wording is also acceptable) 6. Competition 7. The extent of fluctuation would decrease, because the predators could rely on (or hunt more frequently) other prey animals should hares become scarce. (Or other correctly worded answer) írásbeli vizsga / május 14.

5 V. This is the time of blood suckers 7 points This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: 3.2.1, 3.4.2, 4.2.1, Source of figure: Each correct answer is. 1. Because it has 4 pairs of legs / it does not have 3 pairs of legs. 2. It has to penetrate the epidermis 3. the intercellular fluid does not contain red blood corpuscles / red blood cells / blood proteins. Other wording is also acceptable 4. In this way the waste fluid also gets back into the body of the host and the risk of infection increases. 5. The (infecting) bacteria are also unicellular parasites. 6. C 7. C VI. Cell Metabolism This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: ; 2.2; D 1 pont 2. C 1 pont 3. B 1 pont 4. F 1 pont 5. E 1 pont 6. H 1 pont 7. G 1 pont 8. ribose és deoxyribose, for each, a total of 2 points 9. Pancreas 1 pont VII. Reflex This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements: Source of figure: 1. B and D each, a total of 2 points 2. Name or characteristic Letter It contains the ascending and descending tracts Muscle spindle SENSORY NEURON(S) / DORSAL ROOT GANGLION / NERVE CELL BODY GREY MATTER OF THE SPINAL CORD / ASSOCIATION NEURONS / INTERNEURONS / DORSAL HORN Motor neurons / cell bodies Each box correctly filled in is, a total of 3. swings forward contracts relaxes E B C D F 5 points írásbeli vizsga / május 14.

6 VIII. The Human Blood 9 points Source of figure: This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements:4.4.2., , , , , , What does the blood plasma carry? Name of the group of substances carried Absorbed food molecules Carbon dioxide Waste substances, byproducts Example 1. monosaccharides /glucose / amino acids / fatty acids / glycerine / monoglycerides / ions From where does the blood carry them? 2. from the midgut / from the small intestine To where does the blood carry them? (target organ) 3. to every organ / liver 4. from every 5. to the lungs organ urea from the liver 6. to the kidneys Each box correctly filled in is, a total of 6 points. 7. Transport of substances (transport proteins). / carrying out the steps in blood clotting, formation of blood clot. / ensuring the osmotic conditions of the blood. / ensuring immunity in the form of antibodies Giving any two functions is 1-, a total of 2 points 8. In the bottom / right hand side / red part. Reason: Because of the red colour of the red blood cells/corpuscles the cellular elements are easy to distinguish. Or: the cellular/formed elements of larger mass are deposited at a higher rate. IX. Lactose Intolerance This task is based on the following chapters of the Detailed Requirements :4.4.2., , , , Source of text: Source of figure: 1. small intestine / midgut 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B and E each, a total of: 2 points 9. Aa and Aa A: dominant alleles a: recessive / the allele causing lactose intolerance. Other letters are also acceptable as long as the capital and small letter can be distinguished. The point can only be given if their meaning is provided. írásbeli vizsga / május 14.