Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports

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1 AVIATION OPERATIONAL MEASURES FOR FUEL AND EMISSIONS REDUCTION WORKSHOP Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Martin Dorais, M.Env., CCEP Director Environment, Aéroports de Montréal

2 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Aéroports de Montréal manages Montréal International Airports: Dorval and Mirabel Dorval Mirabel Pax (2001) 8,168,559 1,372,598 Movements (2001) 196,236 36,207 Traffic Scheduled pax Charter, cargo Setting Urban Agricultural All passenger flights to be handled at Dorval by the end of 2004

8,168,559 1,372,598 Movements (2001) 196,236 36,207 Traffic Scheduled pax Charter,

3 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports since mid-80s - unleaded fuel; - acid rain programs; - manufacture to hi-tech based economy; - provincial and municipal regulation, etc. Until recently, air quality issues were not on the priority list Regional focus is now on road traffic induced air emissions ( ) No pressure on ADM from the various agencies

4 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Punctual air quality studies by TC : 3 months, 4 sampling sites : 12 months, 6 sampling sites Continuous monitoring airside since Sept. 1997: - O3, CO, NO, NO2, VOC, PM2.5 Most results under national-provincial-municipal regulatory levels (except O3) Results comparable to surrounding boroughs - TC mobile station in Dorval ( ) - TC mobile station in Pointe-Claire ( ) - Montréal monitoring network (since 1984)

5 Most results under national-provincial-municipal regulatory levels (except O3) Results comparable to surrounding boroughs

5 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports

6 Dorval airport: station 66 For on-line results:

7 NO ,0 120,0 100,0 80,0 60,0 40,0 20,0 0,0 Canadian standard = 400 ug-m3 Dorval PM 2, ,0 40,0 35,0 30,0 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 Canadian standard = 30 ug-m3 Dorval

PM 2,5 2001 45,0 40,0 35,0 30,0 25,0 20,0

8 Variations journalières des moyennes horaires de l'o3 Concentration (ug/m3) Station 28 Station 99 Station Période du jour Variations journalières des moyennes horaires du NO Concentration (ug/m3) Station 28 Station 99 Station Période du jour

du jour Variations journalières des moyennes horaires du NO Concentration (ug/m3) Station 28

9 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports EDMS simulation in 1997 with 1996 data To adequately locate the monitoring station

11 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports EDMS simulation in 1997 with 1996 data To adequately locate the monitoring station Main conclusions: - surrounding highway system produces more emissions than the airport activities - no location on the airport outside highway emission influence - aircraft represent 39% of total airport emissions - GSE represent 42% of total airport emissions

more emissions than the airport activities - no location on the airport outside highway emission

12 Nox: Regional data 11,4% 64,7% 17,3% Région: Circulation Aéroport: Circulation régionale induite Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires) 1,7% 1,7% 3,2%

Aéroport: GES Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et

13 CO: Regional data 4% 7% 3% 0,1% 13% 73%

14 VOC: Regional data 10% 2% 4% 0% 12% 72%

15 Total regional emissions (CO, NOx, VOC) 0% 3% 6% 6% 13% Région: Circulation Aéroport: Circulation régionale induite Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES 72% Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires)

Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES 72% Aéroport: Circulation

16 Nox: Airport data 7% 7% Aéroport: Aéronefs 13% Aéroport: GSE Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) 73% Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires)

17 CO: Airport data 19% 0% 28% Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires) 53%

18 VOC: Airport data 1% 24% Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES 12% 63% Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires)

19 Total airport emissions (CO, Nox, VOC) 17% 42% 2% 39% Aéroport: Aéronefs Aéroport: GES Aéroport: Circulation (Routes et Stationnements) Aéroport: Sources fixes (ADM et locataires)

20 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Air emission reduction initiatives: Reduction of aircraft related emissions: - fleet renewal - fuel efficiency procedures - limited queuing Reduction of point source emissions by ADM: - interruptible systems at YMX = -20% energy - passing from high to moderate temperature heating plant at YUL = - 40% energy - new transborder finger at YUL = +30% volume but no additional energy usage

source emissions by ADM: - interruptible systems at YMX = -20% energy - passing from high to moderate

21 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Air emission reduction initiatives ( ): Reduction of GSE related emissions: - GPU and PCA on all new bridges - usage of electrical equipment (low ceiling baggage handling areas) - alternative fuel initiatives from airlines ADM takes every opportunity to include air emission reduction in its projects and support its partners in their initiatives

22 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Further air emission reduction possibilities: Electrification of more GSE: - catering - water trucks - sanitary trucks - security cars, etc. Alternative fuel for taxis, bus shuttles, etc. Car pooling Emission standards for off-road vehicles would help

23 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports The chicken and the egg dilemma: Air quality at the airport is not yet a regional priority Regional alternative energy demand and offer is limited ADM does not have the size to justify its own alternative energy infrastructure

24 Air Quality Management at Montréal International Airports Under these circumstances, ADM favours implication in regional program: Improvement of road access to airport Commuter train and train shuttle projects For small players, we must break the chicken and egg dilemma by creating an offer and a demand of alternative energy (minimal network of alternative fuel stations, transformation of government owned vehicle fleets, etc.)

25 AVIATION OPERATIONAL MEASURES FOR FUEL AND EMISSIONS REDUCTION WORKSHOP Thank you! Martin Dorais, M.Env., CCEP Director Environment Aéroports de Montréal 1100, René-Lévesque Blvd West, Suite 2100 Montréal (Québec) Canada H3B 4X8 Tel.: (514) Fax.: (514)

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