. Water Resources in Korea.. IWRM Application Cases.. Future Works

Transcription

1

2 . Water Resources in Korea. IWRM Application Cases. Future Works

3 K-water Overview

4 with a history of 47 years 1. K-water Overview

5 Water Resources in Korea

6 Monthly Precipitation & Geographical Characteristics JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUN. JUL. AUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC. Steep slopes : Upper Basin Mild slopes : Lower Basin 2/3 of annual precipitation : June ~ September 2. Water Resources in Korea

7 Climate Change Annual Precipitation : 16.4% 1225mm Trend 1465mm Typhoon trend yr 6yr 6yr 7yr 7yr Yearly mean NO. of Typhoon occurrences : 25.4 times Steadily decreasing trend Yearly mean NO. of affecting Korea : 3.5times %: 3.09times Affecting Korea/Typhoon occurrence(%) 15.2%: 3.87times Gradually increasing trend 2. Water Resources in Korea

8 Structural Measures Sub-Spillway Construction Parapet Wall Construction Spillway Structural Change Imha Dam Milyang Dam Gwangdong Dam Soyanggang, Daechung, Andong, Imha, Juam, etc Boryeong, Milyang, Buan, etc Gwangdong, Dalbang, Yeoncho, Guchun, etc 24 out of 33 Dams require flood control capability improvements to mitigate extreme flooding events caused by climate change 2. Water Resources in Korea

9 Non-structural Measures Adoption of IWRM Change Laws & Framework Improve River Environment & Water Quality Control Soil Eco System Water Quality Water Quantity River Basic water law amendments Water management framework changes Burden of expenses for water management framework changes Organize Water entitlements Changes in water management policies for each river basin Give more weight to Nonpoint pollution source management Provide policies and measures for the water quality of muddy water Integrate managing water facilities to reduce pollution Secure Preserve Manage Sustainable Water 2. Water Resources in Korea

10 IWRM in Korea

11 Acquisition of Preliminary Data Rain Gauging Stations Water Level Gauging Stations Discharge Gauging Stations TOTAL K-water MOLIT ETC IWRM in Korea

12 Water Management Center HUB of Water Management in Korea 24 hours 365 days, Constant Duty Imjin river Geum river Han river Nakdong river Facilities 33 dams 16 weirs 25 hydropower plants 78 generators(1,333mw) 350 gauging stations 184 warning stations Youngsan river Sumjin river 3. IWRM in Korea

13 K-HIT RHDAPS (IHDMS, WDMS) Hydrological Data Acquisition and Processing GIOS Generation Integrated Operation System PFS Precipitation Forecasting System RWSS Reservoir Water Supply System FAS Flood Analysis 3. IWRM in Korea

14 K-HIT : RHDAPS Real-time Hydrological Data Acquisition and Processing System Gathering and Processing of Real-time Hydrological Data Rainfall, water level, inflow, outflow, etc. 1 minute real-time base (1, 10, 30, 60 min. data management) Satellite + CDMA (dual communication network) Acquisition Transmission 3. IWRM in Korea

15 K-HIT : PFS(Precipitation Forecasting System) Providing Weather Information & Precipitation Forecast for Dams/Weirs Weather Data Collection Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) K-PPM run on HPC (4times/1day, 5days forecast) High Performance Computing (HPC) Precipitation Forecast Calculate Precipitation 3km 3km National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Chart Flood Analysis System 3. IWRM in Korea

16 K-HIT : FAS (Flood Analysis System) Precipitation Forecasting Precipitation Forecast Observed Hydrological Data PFS Flood Analysis Reservoir Simulation (Combined) Channel Routing FAS Flood Analysis Optimal Release Gate Open/Warning Flood Warning Flood Control Effect Analysis 3. IWRM in Korea

17 K-HIT : RWSS(Reservoir Water Supply System) Long Term Runoff Long Term Runoff Water Demand Water Demand Reservoir Operation Plan Water Balance Water Quality Water Balance Reservoir Simulation Water Quality Optimized Reservoir Water Supply Plan Optimized Reservoir Water Supply Plan 3. IWRM in Korea

18 K-HIT : GIOS (Generation Integrated Operation System) Remote Control & Monitoring H 1,333 MW Hydropower Plants WMC 9 Multipurpose Dams (37 Generators, 1,010 MW) 16 Weirs (41 Generators, 51 MW) New Renewable Energy (Tide, Wind etc. 272 MW) Remote Control 3. IWRM in Korea

19 Governance Dam-Weir Co-management Council Water Quality Management Council River System Management Council Dam Construction Pre-review Council 3. IWRM in Korea

20 IWRM Application Cases

21 Sihwa tidal power plant Improve water quality & recover ecosystem Water Quality Expected to be improved up to open seawater quality Water quality of Sihwa lake(cod) Eco system Recover ecosystem by systematic management Marine Benthos Individual Species Operate tidal power plant (2월) '97 '98 '00 '05 '09 '11 '12 '13 * 2012 open sea average COD : 1.3mg/L '00 '05 '10 '12 * Migratory bird number(individual) : 6,544( 97) 96,415( 11) 4. IWRM application cases

22 4 major rivers restoration Damyang Barrage Expansion Dam Weir Flood Retention Res. Geum Riv. Gongjoo Sejong Ipo Baekje Seomjin Riv. Seungchon Juksan Yeoju Youngsan Riv. Gangcheon Hwasun Han Riv. Sangju Gumi Chilgok Gangjeong Nakdan Weir Youngju dam Andong-Imha connection Nakdong Riv. Dalseong Hapcheon Haman Barrage Expansion Bohyeon dam Project Dredging : 450 million m3 Multi-purpose Weir : 16 Bank Reinforcement : 620 km Dam : 3 Flood Control Reservoir : 2 Embanking Agri. Res. : 93 Small Hydro-power Plant: 16 Eco-stream : 929 km Bike path : 1,592km Project period: 2009~2012, Budget: 20 billion US$ 4. IWRM application cases

23 Case in Indonesia Jakarta Juanda Dam Cirata Dam Saguling Dan Bandung 4. IWRM application cases

24 Case in Laos 4. IWRM application cases

25 Future Works

26 Establish Post Smart IWRMs Clear use amongst programs and optimize by functions considering spatial characteristics and use Develop a Post Smart Integrated Water Resources Management Technology Package for common use Improve functions such as connectivity and expansion amongst programs Reduce time for simulations and provide a technical foundation for IWRM Upgrade Analysis confidence by comparing, connecting and improving functions 5. Future Works

27

28 Appendices

29 providing water for a variety of activities in Korea Total 4,200 employees(900 M.S. & Ph.D, 3,000 Engineers) 1. K-water Overview

30 67 ~ ~ ~ 13 Industrial Foundation Development Water Resources Securement, Industrial Complex Development Balance of Water Supply and Demand Expansion for Water Supply Infrastructure Climate Change, Economic Revival Green New Deal Multipurpose Dam Industrial Complex Multi-regional Water Supply Gyeong-in Ara Waterway Four-river Restoration Project 1. K-water Overview

31 operating Soyang R. Dam Chungju Dam Multipurpose (18) Providing water (21) 60% 1. K-water Overview

32 technologies Regional and Industrial Water Supply Network (in operation) Local Water Supply and Sewerage Network Regional and Industrial Water Supply Network (under construction) 1. K-water Overview

33 Leading the future of marine energy by developing and operating the world s largest tidal plant ㆍDeveloping and operating tidal and photovoltaic plants as clean alternatives to reduce Korea s Sihwa Lake Tidal Plant Total Capacity : 254MW(servicing 130,000 households/year) Replacing 920,000 barrels of crude oil each year. Reducing carbon emissions by 360,000 tons each year. The world s first offshore photovoltaic power plant 11 photovoltaic power plants generating 823kW 2 wind plants generating 6,000kW 1. K-water Overview

34 Preventing floods, reducing logistics costs, and promoting tourism by developing the Gyeongin Ara Waterway 1. K-water Overview

35 K-water Institute R & D Planning &Management Department Water Policy & Economic Research Center Water Resources Research Center Infrastructure Research Center Water Supply Research Center Green Technology Research Center Water Analysis Research Center

36 Annual Precipitation in Korea 1, U S A 11,519 25, ,069 1,718 5,107 1,220 1, ,591 4,969 4,693 High population density 11, , Water Resources in Korea

37 Coefficient of river regime Mississippi Nile Rhein Seine Thames Yeongsan Seomjin Kuem Nakdong Han Coefficient of river regime = Qmax /Qmin 2. Water Resources in Korea

38 Total Water Resources Total Water Resources 130(100%) River Discharge Loss 75(58%) 54(42%) Discharge During Floods Normal Discharge 56(43%) 19(15%) Discharge into Ocean Utilization of River Utilization of Dam Utilization of Groundwater 42(32%) 10(8%) 19(15%) 4(3%) Total Use 33(26%) 2. Water Resources in Korea

39 Water Use By the purpose of supply By the type of resources By the purpose of dams 23% 48% 23% 6% 32% 11% 57% 15% 7% 5% 16% 58% Domestic Industrial Agricultural River Maintenance Dam River Groundwater Multipurpose Watersupply Hydropower Agricultural ETC 2. Water Resources in Korea

40 Annual Precipitation Trend Annual Precipitation over a 38 year period (1973~2010) : 1,337mm 70 yrs : 1,230mm Recently : 1,432mm, 16.4% 1225mm Trend 5yr 6yr 6yr 7yr 7yr 1465mm 1,383 1,791 1,908 1,736 1,611 1,409 1,007 1, ,061 1, ,669 Monsoon : 327.0mm(24.3%) Typhoon : 201.4mm(14.9%) Trough : 817.5mm(60.7%) Since the 1970 s, droughts occur every 5-7 years 2. Water Resources in Korea

41 Typhoon Trend Typhoon occurrences have decreased slightly Ratio of affecting Korea and the intensity have increased Yearly mean NO. of Typhoon occurrences : 25.4 times Yearly mean NO. of affecting Korea : 3.5times Steadily decreasing trend 12.1%: 3.09times Affecting Korea/Typhoon occurrence(%) 15.2%: 3.87times Gradually increasing trend 2. Water Resources in Korea

42 Climate Change 2 times more than the Global Warming average [Change of Global Mean Temp.] [Change of Mean Temp. of Korea] In 100 years : Temp. 5, precipitation 17% (Source : KMA, Institute) 2. Water Resources in Korea

43 K-HIT : FAS (Flood Analysis System) Flow Chart of FAS Analysis Rainfall-runoff Model Optimization Simulation Hydraulic Channel Routing Joint Operation Model for Reservoir System Joint Operation Model for Reservoir System Storage function model Muskingum Muskingum-Cunge Quasi-optimization technique Optimization technique Reservoir operation rule (ROM) (rule-based simulation) Hydrological channel routing Flood damage expectation Modification from optimization results Hydraulic Channel Routing Downstream boundary condition (considering tidal water level)

44 K-HIT : RWSS (Reservoir Water Supply System) Maximize water use efficiency RWSS(Reservoir Water Supply System) Rainfall-runoff (RRFS) Water Quality model (Qual2E, W2, etc.) Reservoir Simulation (K-Modsim)

45 Governance Dam-Weir Co-management Council K-water, MOLIT, MOTIE, MOE, MAFRA, FCO, KHNP, EKR, Nongovernment experts Central Council Congress : February Council by River System Congress : December Common issues of each river system Establish, change, and evaluate operation plans Orchestrate opinion River System Management Council K-water, MOLIT, MOE, Local government, KFS, KHNP, EKR Council congress : June Deliberation and Decision on pollutant reduction plan, riverside management general plan Deliberation and Decision on Fund management Support Public Water Quality Patrol Water Quality Management Council K-water, MOLIT, MOE, NIER, KHNP, EKR, KECO, Local government, Water quality experts, Water Quantity experts Council Congress : December Change discuss contingency plan by water quality management phase Water quality management by river system Dam Construction Pre-review Council K-water, MOLIT, MOSPA, NEMA, KFS, CHA Council Congress : monthly Prevent conflicts caused by dam construction Review dam necessity, alternatives, public acceptance Provide proposal of recommendation about dam construction 3. IWRM in Korea

46 . Sihwa tidal power plant Develop Sihwa Area Tide Embankment Tidal Power Plant To secure industrial & residential spaces in metropolitan Construction of Sihwa Artificial lake was completed Severe Water Pollution Improve the water quality of Sihwa lake by seawater circulation Generate green energy 4. IWRM application cases

47 Case in Indonesia Synchronize Data Synchronize Data Use RRFS Use RRFS Capacity Building Water Related Staff Capacity Building Institutional Strengthening Training water related staffs of each organizations for optimized data sharing Hydrological & GIS Database Hydrological Data : Rainfall, Water Level, Water Quality GIS Data : Basin, River Network, Gauge Stations, Landuse, DEM Rainfall Runoff Forecasting System Long-term hydrologic model for continuous runoff simulation Ensemble Stream Flow Prediction (ESP) Data Collection & Monitoring Network All data have been collected, compiled, & analyzed in the basin Optimized Monitoring Networks 4. IWRM application cases