Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia Romagna. Bologna, February 14, 2008

Transcription

1 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia Romagna Bologna, February 14, 2008

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3 Macro-economic changes and demographic trends ( )

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6 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia-Romagna European policies with spatial impact Competitiveness Trans-european trasportation networks (TEN) Structural Funds Common Agricutural Policy (CAP) Environmental Policy Research & Technological Development (RTD)

7 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia-Romagna European references for spatial development European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP, 1999): guidelines for balanced and sustainable development of the european territory; European Framework for sustainable urban development (2005): guidelines for integrated development of urban systems; European Territorial Agenda (2007): priorities for territorial development in the EU; Leipzig Chart for European Sustainable Towns and Cities (2007) Guide The urban dimension in Community policies for the period ; OP ESPON 2013

8 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia-Romagna Relation between territorial planning and sustainability assessment The development of towns and regions is more and more dependent from globalization of economic and social relationships; Spatial issues of development can be better faced through cooperation between different administrative/government levels (governance); Spatial approach overcomes sectoral approach of development policies, through cooperation between institutions and sectors operating on the same territory.

9 Why to assess spatial impact of development policies? : aprox % in urbanised land, esp. in Municipalities from to inhab.

10 Regional law 20/2000 on territorial protection and resources use sets planning on different levels.. Regional Territorial Plan (PTR, strategic) Coordination Territorial Provincial Plan (PTCP, operational, macro -scale) Structural Municipal Plan (PSC and related regulations urbanistic, micro scale)

11 PTR sustainability concepts = goals for territorial competitiveness Quality of landscapes; richness of opportunities Resources efficiency (physical, social, technol.) Identity: sense of belonging to a place, its people, its landscapes

12 Territorial planning following functional region concepts Spatial agglomerations dynamic do not coincide with administrative units: Municipalities are in general sub-units of wider territorial systems Real spatial systems (e.g. ESPON FUAs) rely on functional criteria, homogeneous on a specific territory: the most used in OECD countries is commuting conditions within a specific area; In Italy Local Work Systems - statistical unit, by ISTAT 1991/2001), in line with OECD methodologies - are used (sole or aggregated) for services programming and planning purposes.

13 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (1991 > 2005) Elaborazioni ERVET su Fonte dati ISTAT e Regione Emilia Romagna

14 Main evidences The Bologna metropolitan system The territorial cities (MO, RE, PR) and the coast town The systems with a medium capacity of urban polarisation (Romagna) The systems with a high capacity of urban polarisation (FE, PC) Network of urban centres of small dimensions Other systems with weak urban structure (Apennines, eastern lowlands)

15 Reference models for urban economies The monocentric town (Von Thunen) Central urban core, with workplaces and services, rounded by rings with residential function. Commuting, for work/study to/from the Center; Household costs decreasing from the Center outwards.

16 the town lifecycle (Van den Bergh) Town attract people from the hinterland; Town includes external urban cores (industrial re-locations, new large tertiary infrastructures); Further re-concentrations, partial/selective

17 Christaller s urban region Defines spatial organization of towns and centers with different ranking; One or more urban systems, with towns of larger size rounded by other towns of lower size Model developed with co-presence of metropolitan towns and specialized cities.

18 Local Systems model (Dematteis) Local hub, internally self-organized; Dense relations between activities in the hub and external networks

19 Settlements/commuting integrated anlysis Commuting conditions analysis very useful for the interpretations of relationships between units (+/- homogeneous) identified from demographic analysis; Dati available from ISTAT (1991 and 2001) at census units, afterwards aggregated at municipal level (without distinction neither between study and work nor tranportation typology) First, are represented the movings between regional municipalities and supra-regional areas Second, intra-regional movings are extracted (minimal threshold 100 movings/per day), to focus internal relationships Previous maps (multicriteria demography/urban areas) integrated with commuting and systematic mobility allow to make interconnections evident and reveal the network schemes of regional towns.

20 Elaborazioni ERVET su Fonte dati ISTAT e Regione Emilia Romagna

21 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia - Romagna Elaborazioni ERVET su Fonte dati ISTAT e Regione Emilia Romagna

22 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (periodo 1991 > 2005) COMMUTING EVOLUTION AND POLARISATION CENTRES (periodo 1991 > 2001) Elaborazioni ERVET su Fonte dati ISTAT e Regione Emilia Romagna

23 Settlements/commuting integrated anlysis Apennines zones of Bologna and Modena are influenced by socio - economic process in the lowlands; Significant evidence from Piacenza and hinterland of polarization and demographic decentralisation. Similar evidences - more advanced - in Bologna, Modena, Reggio Evidences of areas and polarization centers that increased/decreased systematic relationships and attractiveness.

24 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia-Romagna Evidences from regional trends.. - the end of the historical town and the raise of the geographic town (D. Perrault), with elements from different geographies: new productions, immigrants, new lifestyles, ecc.; - progressive increase of the scale of phenomena (from urbanistics, to ecosystem management, labour territorial organization, ecc.); - obsolescence of old administrative borders as references for territorial management and the need for cooperation and resource sharing; - the need for an integrated management of urban systems, evolving from simple policentrism towards System-Region (see also obj. 10 of DUP).

25 From the governance point of view, this means that.. presently, no institutional level can manage by itself development and social cohesion issues: integration in economic, social and environmental planning strategies is a must; institutional partnership need to be promoted and enforced in a contractual way, with clear commitments among partners (participation and cooperation); development actions need a proper territorial scale; evaluation (ex-ante, in itinere, ex-post) must become the communication language of institutional partnership.

26 A mission for the PTR - To design territorial development strategies, to be agreed and managed at infra-regional scale of Provinces Administrations and supra-regional of Adria-Po macro-region; - To verify the contribution of sectoral programming and local territorial planning to the implementation of regional territorial strategies. These action aimed at the achievement of the System-Region imply: - strong coordination among functions at different institutional levels; - the integration of programmes beyond sectorialism; - an institutional communication based on common evaluation criteria of the choices made.

27 Networking priority strategies Urban centers networking: common settlements planning for the real town, sprawl reduction, networking of material and non-material infrastructures and of high level services, re-qualification of the central Emilia and coastal, recovery of the Apennines from its marginal position; Ecological networks re-construction: to besiege urban spaces with ecosystemic infrastructure, renewable energy promotion, water and materials sustainable use, environmental quality and safety; Knowledge economy promotion: against competitiveness loss, changing from a material to a non-material economy, based on research and innovation, broadband for local systems, logistics (vs. transportation), continuing education, culture, health and services for citizens; New welfare for citizens, young people and immigrants labour, social and political integration, health services strengthening, new advanced household policies, ecc.

28 Today s vision and the one - possibile - of tomorrow

29 Possible themes of strategic relevance for PTR (I) - Sustainable management of urban sprawl and ecosystems fragmentation and environmental/health effects, including climate change ( urban heat waves, water scarcity, ecc); - Functional relationship between urban and rural spaces with a focus on mountains, to manage landscape transformations and the ecologica network at macro-regional scale; - Architectonical quality of urban spaces and the urban nature, as well as the reduction of the energy, material and goods demand (e.g. Ecological Footprint ).

30 Territorial Planning and Sustainability Assessment in Emilia - Romagna Keep natural doors open

31 Possible themes of strategic relevance for PTR (II) - Integration between mobility/accessibility system with trans-scalar approach (from supraregional to local); rete in fibra ottica pan-europea Variazione spostamenti casa-lavoro/studio (1991/2001)

32 Possible themes of strategic relevance for PTR (III) - Network organization of scientific and technological knowledge centres for territorial competitiveness; - Network organization of cultural and natural heritage to improve attractiveness; Ecosistemi idrici ed acque naturali. Rete di zone protette e parchi regionali Grafo Rete della conoscenza Forlì - Cesena (aggregazione di Partners per territorio provinciale, strumento Social Networks Analysis)

33 Possible themes of strategic relevance for PTR (IV) - Network university offer; - Health protection network; - Cities and security, reception and integration. Rete Hub & Spoke per le demenze senili Rete delle Università in ER

34 Main activities for regional strategic planning in PTR presently are.. to define present scenarios for the regional strategic themes (what we are now); to agree on future sustainability scenarios (what we would like to become tomorrow); to establish how to evaluate performance (how do we measure sustainability for each theme) within a continuing learning process with implications on organization and management of public actions for development (the government chain ).

35 Public actions and evaluation By considering these aspects, to evaluate means: to reinforce transparency in public actions; to facilitate policy understanding by citizens; to help the building of partners consent

36 Integrated assessment of complex programmes (e.g.) AGRICOLTURA INNOVAZIONE STRATEGICA DEL SISTEMA Integrare le politiche agricole con le politiche ambientali e pianificatorie F O N TI R IN N O V A B ILI EN ER G IA D IMIN U ZIO N E C O N SU MI C O MBU STIBIL I F O SSIL I P O L ITIC H E D EL L ÕU N IO N E EU R O P EA A G RI C O LT U R A G O V ER N A N C E A G R IC O L TU R A MO N TA G N A N U O V A A LLEA N ZA C O N LA N A TU R A P R ESER V A R E BIO D IV ER SIT Ė D ISSEST O ID R O G EO L. N UO V I D IR I TTI D IR ITTI D E I C ITTA D IN I STR A N IE R I E D EI N U O V I ITA LIA N I N U O V A LEG G E Q U A D R O G O V ER N O D E L T ER ITO R IO IN N O V A ZIO N I S TR A TEG IC H E D I SISTEM A